Thoth distribution@thoth.pub 20260403T234909

urn:uuid:a7a47262-8002-44b7-92c4-b80a0766b7e4 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a7a47262-8002-44b7-92c4-b80a0766b7e4 15 9781928331315 06 10.47622/9781928331308 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 North-South Knowledge Networks Towards Equitable Collaboration Between Academics, Donors and Universities 1 B01 Tor Halvorsen 2 B01 Jorun Nossum 01 eng 00 310 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 In this collection, a mix of renowned academics and newer voices reflect on some of the realities of international research partnerships. They both question and highlight the agency of academics, donors and research institutions in the geopolitics of knowledge and power. The contributors offer fresh insights on institutional transformation, the setting of research agendas, and access to research funding, while highlighting the dilemmas researchers face when their institutions are vulnerable to state and donor influence.Offering a range of perspectives on why academics should collaborate and what for, this book will be useful to anyone interested in how scholars are adapting to the realities of international networking and how research institutions are finding innovative ways to make North–South partnerships and collaborations increasingly fair, sustainable and mutually beneficial. 04 00 Preface 1. The role and impact of funding agencies on higher education and research for development - Göran Hydén 2. ‘The first philosophers were astronomers’: Curiosity and innovation in higher education policy - John Higgins 3. Research training, international collaboration, and the agencies of Ugandan scientists in Uganda - Eren Zink 4. The status of research at three Ugandan universities - ABK Kasozi 5. Undoing the effects of neoliberal reform: The experience of Uganda’s Makerere Institute of Social Research - Mahmood Mamdani 6. South-North collaboration and service enhancements at Makerere and Bergen University libraries - Maria GN Musoke & Ane Landøy 7. North-South research collaborations and their impact on capacity building: A Southern perspective - Johnson Muchunguzi Ishengoma 8. Death on campus: Is academic freedom possible for students and academics at the University of Malawi? - Joe Mlenga 9. The crisis of higher education in Sudan with special reference to the University of Khartoum, 1956-2014 - Fadwa Taha & Anders Bjørkelo 10. Knowledge generation through joint research: What can North and South learn from each other? - Ishtiaq Jamil & Sk Tawfique M Haque 11. Into the great wide open: Trends and tendencies in university collaboration for development - Jorun Nossum 12. International co-operation and the democratisation of knowledge - Tor Halvorsen 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20171201 13 15 9781928331308 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331308.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/north-south-knowledge-networks-towards-equitable-collaboration-between-academics-donors-and-universities/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c7e092d2-937a-440f-95d5-f9007da864e5 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c7e092d2-937a-440f-95d5-f9007da864e5 15 9781928502623 06 10.47622/9781928502616 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 On Becoming a Scholar What Every New Academic Needs to Know 1 B01 21 0000-0002-8614-5678 Jonathan Jensen 2 B01 Daniel Visser 01 eng 00 286 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 SECTION I: INTRODUCTION 1 The New Scholar’s Journey – Daniel Visser and Jonathan Jansen SECTION II: BECOMING AN ACADEMIC RESEARCHER 2 “Now Do Research”: Getting Started as a Novice Researcher – Lyn Holness 3 Publishing High-Impact Research – Stella Nkom 4 Writing Your First Scholarly Book – Jaqueline du Toit and Neil Roos 5 Leveraging the Research Office – Gaëlle Ramon 6 Navigating Research Ethics – Lyn Horn 7 Soft Money and the Early-Career Scholar – Valerie Mizrahi SECTION III: BECOMING A UNIVERSITY TEACHER 8 What Does Scholarly Teaching Look Like? – Jonathan Jansen SECTION IV: BECOMING ACADEMICALLY CONNECTED 9 Research Networks – Daya Reddy 10 Knowledge Networks – Jess Auerbach 11 Academic Duty – Jonathan Jansen SECTION V: BECOMING AN EDITOR 12 Editing a Scholarly Journal – Michael Cherry 13 Editing a Scholarly Book – Jonathan Jansen SECTION VI: BECOMING GOOD AT GAUGING YOUR PERFORMANCE 14 How to Manage and Monitor Your Performance Metrics – Lucia Schoombee 15 When and How to Submit Your First NRF Rating Application – Brenda Wingfield 16 Applying for Promotion – Daniel Visser SECTION VII: BECOMING AN ACADEMIC LEADER 17 The Wisdom of Practice: An Intergenerational Conversation – Tebello Nyokong and Siphokazi Magadla 18 An Unexpected Duty: Academic Leadership as a Young Head of Department – Philippa Tumubweinee 19 Mentoring and Coaching – Ahmed Wadee and Moyra Keane 20 Supervision and Mentorship as Building Blocks for an Academic Career – Chika Sehoole SECTION VIII: FINDING BALANCE 21 Academic Well-being – Mothomang Diaho and Chantelle Wyley 22 Balancing Academic Work and Home Life – Nthabaleng Rammile 23 The Mom Penalty Cyrill Walters 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20221104 13 15 9781928502616 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502616.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/on-becoming-a-scholar/ 99 01 urn:uuid:fb953523-0667-41f4-87e2-3827daa6e2e7 03 01 01 urn:uuid:fb953523-0667-41f4-87e2-3827daa6e2e7 15 9780620557887 06 10.47622/9780620557894 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 One World, Many Knowledges Regional Experiences and Cross-regional Links in Higher Education 1 B01 Tor Halvorsen 2 B01 21 0000-0003-0805-9325 Peter Vale 01 eng 00 312 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Various forms of academic co-operation criss-cross the modern university system in a bewildering number of ways, from the open exchange of ideas and knowledge, to the sharing of research results, and frank discussions about research challenges. Embedded in these scholarly networks is the question of whether a global template for the management of both higher education and national research organisations is necessary, and if so, must institutions slavishly follow the high-flown language of the global knowledge society or risk falling behind in the ubiquitous university ranking system? Or are there alternatives that can achieve a better, more ethically inclined, world? Basing their observations on their own experiences, an interesting mix of seasoned scholars and new voices from southern Africa and the Nordic region offer critical perspectives on issues of inter- and cross-regional academic co-operation. Several of the chapters also touch on the evolution of the higher education sector in the two regions. An absorbing and intelligent study, this book will be invaluable for anyone interested in the strategies scholars are using to adapt to the interconnectedness of the modern world. It offers fresh insights into how academics are attempting to protect the spaces in which they can freely and openly debate the challenges they face, while aiming to transform higher education, and foster scholarly collaboration. The Southern African-Nordic Centre (SANORD) is a partnership of higher education institutions from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Botswana, Namibia, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. SANORDs primary aim is to promote multilateral research co-operation on matters of importance to the development of both regions. Our activities are based on the values of democracy, equity, and mutually beneficial academic engagement. 04 00 Acronyms and abbreviations Introduction: why this book, and what it’s about Tor Halvorsen and Peter Vale Part I: Background 1 The Southern African–Nordic Centre: from conception to realisation Stanley GM Ridge 2 Drivers and challenges in the internationalisation of higher education and research: the case of the Southern African– Nordic Centre Anne Sørensen Part II: Dilemmas of Change 3 Changes in higher education policy and the Nordic model Risto Rinne 4 University transformation: a crisis for the social sciences and the humanities Tor Halvorsen 5 Redressing apartheid’s legacy of social exclusion: social equity, redress and admission to higher education in South Africa Saleem Badat Part III: Inclusion and Exclusion 6 The struggle, global challenges and international strategies in the University of Fort Hare’s music department Bernhard Bleibinger 7 The migration of African students to South Africa: motivations, integration and prospects for return Gabriel Tati 8 The experiences of Deaf students at a South African university Lucas Magongwa 9 Tradition and modernity: the inclusion and exclusion of traditional voices and other actors in archaeological heritage management in Mozambique and Zimbabwe Albino Jopela, Ancila Nhamo and Seke Katsamudanga 10 Steering from a distance: improving access to higher education in South Africa via the funding formula Pieter le Roux and Mignonne Breier Part IV: Critical Perspectives 11 Cultural heritage and social context: research and management in Mozambique Anne Bang and Tore Sætersdal 12 Academic co-operation in a bipolar world: where does SANORD fit in? Tor Halvorsen 13 Whatever happened to imagination? Peter Vale About the contributors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160513 13 15 9780620557894 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/one-world-many-knowledges-regional-experiences-and-cross-regional-links-in-higher-education/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9780620557894.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:69eb7992-26d4-499b-9eed-5d0d716d148c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:69eb7992-26d4-499b-9eed-5d0d716d148c 15 9781928331605 06 10.47622/9781928331599 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Open Data in Developing Economies Toward Building an Evidence Base on What Works and How 1 A01 21 0000-0001-6566-6071 Stefaan Verhulst 2 A01 Andrew Young 01 eng 00 275 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Chapter 1 Introduction PART I: OPEN DATA FOR DEVELOPMENT Chapter 2 The Relevance of Open Data for Developing Economies Chapter 3 The Impact of Open Data on Developing Economies Chapter 4 The Impact of Open Data in Developing Economies across Sectors PART II: CASE STUDIES Open Data’s Impact on Improving Government Chapter 5 Burundi’s Open RBF Chapter 6 India’s ESMI Chapter 7 Open Development Cambodia Chapter 8 Uganda’s iParticipate Open Data’s Impact on Empowering Citizens Chapter 9 GotToVote! Kenya Chapter 10 Tanzania’s Open Education Dashboards Chapter 11 South Africa’s Medicine Price Registry Open Data’s Impact on Creating Opportunity Chapter 12 Aclímate Colombia Chapter 13 Ghana’s Esoko Chapter 14 Jamaica’s Interactive Community Mapping Open Data’s Impact on Solving Public Problems Chapter 15 Nepal Earthquake Recovery Chapter 16 Paraguay’s Dengue Prediction PART III: CONCLUSION Chapter 17 Leveraging Open Data as a New Asset for Development Appendix A: Input Received 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20171113 13 15 9781928331599 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/open-data-in-developing-economies-toward-building-an-evidence-base-on-what-works-and-how/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331599.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:cff60e89-960a-4c2f-85e3-1f0e3bf5f732 03 01 01 urn:uuid:cff60e89-960a-4c2f-85e3-1f0e3bf5f732 15 9781928502432 06 10.47622/9781928502425 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Open Learning as a Means of Advancing Social Justice Cases in Post-School Education and Training in South Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0003-4182-1983 Tabisa Mayisela 2 B01 Shanali Govender 3 B01 21 0000-0003-2794-8638 Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 01 eng 00 408 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 1. Recognition of prior learning as a form of open learning in post-school education and training in South Africa: A social justice perspective | Susan Gredley & Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 2. Opening learning to students in a South African university through innovative institutional fundraising initiatives: A social justice view | Susan Gredley & Janice McMillan 3. Using a social justice lens to explore the possibilities and limitations of flexible learning provision in a South African TVET college | Gertrude van Wyk, Cheng-Wen Huang & Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 4. Blended learning as a means of opening up learning at Northlink TVET College in South Africa: A social justice perspective | Mukhtar Raban & Tabisa Mayisela 5. Online learning at the Durban University of Technology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights on openness and parity of participation | Sinethemba Zungu & Sukaina Walji 6. Exploring the possibilities and constraints of online assessment to advance open learning in a South African TVET college: A social justice perspective | Cheng-Wen Huang & Tabisa Mayisela 7. Exploring how student support services address economic, cultural and political injustices: Insights from Elangeni TVET College, South Africa | Sinethemba Zungu & Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 8. Staff insights on opening up learning to students with disabilities at Motheo TVET College, South Africa: A social justice perspective |Gertrude van Wyk & Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 9. Insights on OER adoption models to inform ways of opening up learning materials to address economic, cultural and political injustices in South African education | Anelisa Dabula, Glenda Cox & Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 10. Advancing social justice through small grants for the development of open educational resources at the University of Cape Town and the Cape Peninsula University of Technology | Mahlatse Maake-Malatji & Glenda Cox 11. “Understanding the TVET game”: A case study on maximising available opportunities for open educational practices within the broader TVET field | Sara Black 12. Enabling open learning and participatory parity through increased e-learning: The case of leadership at Gert Sibande TVET College, South Africa | Mukhtar Raban & Tabisa Mayisela 13. Access, quality and success: Working towards social justice through open initiatives at the University of the Free State | Thasmai Dhurumraj & Shanali C. Govender 14. “Who do you think they are?” Troubling how mental conceptions of TVET lecturers shape lecturer support interventions: The case of the Lecturer Support System in South Africa | Sara Black 15. Opening up TVET lecturer professional learning and development through work integrated learning in South Africa: A social justice perspective | Shanali C. Govender & Thasmai Dhurumraj 16. The potential for microcredentials as a form of open learning to contribute to a social justice agenda in South African higher education | Barbara Jones 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20220321 13 15 9781928502425 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502425.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/cool/ 99 01 urn:uuid:3f3c4796-3954-4655-a06a-60584b434a9d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:3f3c4796-3954-4655-a06a-60584b434a9d 15 9781920489175 06 10.47622/9781920489175 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Organes de gestion des élections en Afrique de l’ouest Une étude comparative de la contribution des commissions électorales au renforcement de la démocratie 1 B01 Ismaila Fall 2 B01 Mathias Hounkpe 3 B01 Adele Jinadu 4 B01 Pascal Kambale 01 fre 00 273 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Préface | Méthodologie et remerciements 1 Aperçu général : Contribution des organes de gestion des élections à l’organisation d’élections crédibles en Afrique de l’Ouest – Pascal Kambale 2 Bénin – Mathias Hounkpe 3 Le Cap-Vert – Ismaila Madior Fall 4 Ghana – Mathias Hounkpe 5 Nigéria – Adele Jinadu 6 Sénégal – Ismaila Madior Fall 7 Sierra Leone – Adele Jinadu 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20170703 13 15 9781920489175 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/organes-de-gestion-des-elections-en-afrique-de-louest/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/AfriMAP-West-Africa-FRENCH-WEB.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:431a9f8c-416a-4ab9-a3c2-29b36f1c4a3d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:431a9f8c-416a-4ab9-a3c2-29b36f1c4a3d 15 9781928502371 06 10.47622/9781928502364 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Out of Place An Autoethnography of Postcolonial Citizenship 1 A01 21 0000-0002-7588-5814 Nuraan Davids Davids 2 A23 21 0000-0002-8614-5678 Jonathan Jensen 01 eng 00 159 03 20 postcolonial 10 SOC008010 20 citizenship 20 post-apartheid 20 South Africa 04 00 Foreword by Jonathan D Jansen Acknowledgements Frequently used abbreviations and acronyms Chapter 1: And so, I choose to (re)write Chapter 2: Autoethnography: A counter-narrative of experiences Chapter 3: Race as disqualifying disfigurement Chapter 4: Parents (not) for Change Chapter 5: Lost in diversity Chapter 6: (Dis)embodied intersectionality Chapter 7: Patriarchy as religion Chapter 8: Postscript: Through the doorway References Index About the author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20220501 13 15 9781928502364 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502364.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/out_of_place/ 99 01 urn:uuid:fe6bccdb-6f7a-4e4c-97ec-ad93f8ed44f3 03 01 01 urn:uuid:fe6bccdb-6f7a-4e4c-97ec-ad93f8ed44f3 15 9781920677442 06 10.47622/9781920677442 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Perspectives on Students Affairs 1 B01 McGlory Speckman 2 B01 Martin Mandew 3 A23 21 0000-0002-5889-5295 Ahmed Bawa 01 eng 00 145 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Foreword Preface Biographical notes Introduction PART 1: An Overview of Issues and Challenges Key challenges facing student affairs: An international perspective Birgit Schreiber An overview of critical issues in the student affairs profession: A South African perspective Llewellyn MacMaster PART 2: Access, Support and Success Academic student affairs: Bridging the gap for student development and success Martin Mandew Student success as the number one affair in student affairs: A structural inequality outlook Matete Madiba Back to basics: Selected views on factors that prevent access in higher education Lullu Tshiwula and Ncedikaya Magopeni PART 3: Holistic Support The ethical challenges of a student counselling professional: When does discretion become permissible? Hanlé Kirkcaldy The place of social work as a support service for tertiary students Zethu Mkhize Towards an asset-based model: A critical reflection on student material support with special reference to clienthood/citizenship tension McGlory Speckman Bibliography 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20140620 13 15 9781920677442 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/African-Minds-Perspectives-on-Student-Affairs-Web.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/perspectives-on-student-affairs/ 99 01 urn:uuid:0c8ea74d-5c39-49b7-95b3-86d84d9addab 03 01 01 urn:uuid:0c8ea74d-5c39-49b7-95b3-86d84d9addab 15 9781928502340 06 10.47622/9781928502333 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Positioning Diversity in Kenyan Schools Teaching in the Face of Inequality and Discrimination 1 A01 21 0000-0001-9833-2991 Malve von Möllendorff Van Möllendorff 01 eng 00 286 03 20 education 10 SOC008010 20 Kenya 20 Diversity 04 00 List of tables and figures Acknowledgements 1 Introduction 2 Diversity in Education 3 Education and Diversity in Kenya 4 Diversity Experiences and Interpretations: Biographical Perspectives 5 Diversity Experiences and Practices as Professional Teachers 6 A Grounded Theory of Diversity in Kenyan School Contexts 7 Final thoughts and prospects Notes References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20220501 13 15 9781928502333 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/positioning_diversity_kenyan_schools/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502333.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:2b167a4a-e9f3-45eb-93f5-4eae9f62e968 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2b167a4a-e9f3-45eb-93f5-4eae9f62e968 15 9781920489656 06 10.47622/9781920489007 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Public Broadcasting in Africa Series Nigeria 1 A01 Akin Akingbulu 01 eng 00 120 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Contents Acronyms Foreword Introduction 1 Country Facts 2 Media Legislation and Regulation 3 The Broadcasting Landscape 4 Digitalisation and its Impact 5 Broadcasting Legislation and Regulation 6 Overview of the State Broadcasters 7 Funding of the State Broadcasters 8 Programming 9 Broadcasting Reform Efforts 10 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120824 13 15 9781920489007 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920489007.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/public-broadcasting-in-africa-series-nigeria/ 99 01 urn:uuid:f61b3ca2-520c-4acc-b48d-91beb0810315 03 01 01 urn:uuid:f61b3ca2-520c-4acc-b48d-91beb0810315 15 9781920489717 06 10.47622/9781920355401 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Public Broadcasting in Africa Series Uganda 1 A01 George Lugalambi 01 eng 00 160 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Uganda's broadcast media landscape has witnessed tremendous growth in recent years. While the public broadcaster remains the dominant national player - in terms of reach - in both radio and television, commercial broadcasters have introduced a substantial level of diversity in the industry. Public broadcasting faces serious competition from the numerous private and independent broadcasters, especially in and around the capital Kampala and major urban centres. In fact, the private/commercial sector clearly dominates the industry in most respects, notably productivity and profitability. The public broadcaster, which enjoys wider geographical coverage, faces the challenge of trying to fulfill a broad mandate with little funding. This makes it difficult for UBC to compete with the more nimble operators in the commercial/private sector. Overall, there appears to be a healthy degree of pluralism and diversity in terms of ownership. 04 00 Acronyms Foreword Introduction 1 Country Facts 1 Government and political structures 2 Socio-economic indicators 3 Ethnic composition and languages 4 Religion 5 Main challenges 6 Media and communication landscape 7 Brief history of broadcasting 2 Media Legislation and Regulation 1 International, continental and regional standards 2 The Constitution 3 General media laws and regulations 4 Other laws with an impact on media and freedom of expression 5 Jurisprudence 6 Conclusions and recommendations 3 The Broadcasting Landscape 1 The Uganda Broadcasting Corporation 2 Commercial/private broadcasters 3 Community and other forms of broadcasting 4 Accessibility of services and technical standards 5 Concentration of media ownership 6 Conclusions and recommendations 4 Digitalisation and its Impact 1 Background 2 Preparedness for switch-over to digital within government and industry 3 Preparedness for switch-over to digitalisation on the part of consumers 4 Convergence 5 Increased competition 6 Conclusions and recommendation 5 Broadcasting Legislation and Regulation 1 Regulatory mechanisms 2 Broadcasting policy 3 Licensing of broadcasters and enforcement of licence conditions 4 Complaints and conflict resolution systems 5 Conclusions and recommendations 6 The Uganda Broadcasting Corporation 1 Legislation 2 UBC profile 3 Organisational structures 4 Attitudes towards public broadcasting within UBC 5 Attitudes from outside UBC 6 Conclusions and recommendations 7 Funding of the Uganda Broadcasting Corporation 1 Main sources of funding 2 Spending 3 Conclusions and recommendations 8 Programming 1 Programme formats 2 Programme/editorial policies and guidelines 3 Programme schedules 4 News and current affairs programmes 5 The talk show phenomenon 6 Feedback and complaints procedures at UBC 7 Conclusions and recommendations 9 Broadcasting Reform Efforts 1 Previous reform efforts 2 Current reform efforts 3 Conclusions and recommendations 10 Recommendations 1 Media legislation/regulation in general 2 Broadcasting landscape 3 Digitalisation 4 Broadcasting legislation and regulation 5 UBC legislation, mandate and operations 6 UBC funding 7 Programming 8 Broadcast reform efforts 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20120824 13 15 9781920355401 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/public-broadcasting-in-africa-series-uganda/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920355401.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:a33cad1a-626c-4c9a-9dbd-ad990f07ab79 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a33cad1a-626c-4c9a-9dbd-ad990f07ab79 15 9781920489687 06 10.47622/9781920355265 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Public Broadcasting in Africa Series Zimbabwe 1 A01 21 0000-0001-9349-8204 Sarah Chiumbu 01 eng 00 107 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Acronyms Foreword Introduction 1 Country Facts 2 Media Legislation and Regulation 3 The Broadcasting Landscape 4 Digitalisation and its Impact 5 Broadcasting Legislation and Regulation 6 The Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation 7 Funding of the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation 8 Programming 9 Broadcasting Reform Efforts 10 Recommendations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120824 13 15 9781920355265 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920355265.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/public-broadcasting-in-africa-series-zimbabwe/ 99 01 urn:uuid:360104be-3ce5-485a-aac3-c8ccf1ac80c3 03 01 01 urn:uuid:360104be-3ce5-485a-aac3-c8ccf1ac80c3 15 9781928502104 06 10.47622/9781928502104 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Reflections of South African Student Leaders 1994 to 2017 1 B01 21 0000-0002-6675-0512 Thierry Luescher 2 B01 Denyse Webbstock 3 B01 21 0000-0003-1831-0544 Ntokozo Bhengu 01 eng 00 336 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Reflections of South African Student Leaders 1994-2017 brings together the reflections of twelve former SRC leaders from across the landscape of South African universities. Reviews of the previous volume, 1981-2014 suggested that it contributed significantly to a better understanding of the stringent demands of visionary and transformative leadership required by university leaders in the fastchanging and increasingly complex public higher education sector.This volume is based on comprehensive interviews with former student leaders, each of whom provided a personal account in their own words of their experience in the position of student leadership. The interviewees are from different backgrounds and of diverse political persuasions. The book is important for current and future leaders of higher education institutions as it provides insights into the thinking, aspirations, desires, fears and modus operandi of student leaders. Such insight can contribute to developing and implementing appropriate strategies for achieving meaningful and constructive engagement with current and future student leaders. 04 00 Tables and figures Abbreviations and acronyms Acknowledgements Preface Chapter 1 A quarter-century of student leadership Chapter 2 Muzi Sikhakhane Chapter 3 Prishani Naidoo Chapter 4 Jerome September Chapter 5 Kenny Mlungisi Bafo Chapter 6 David Maimela Chapter 7 Xolani Zuma Chapter 8 Zukiswa Mqolomba Chapter 9 Kwenzokuhle Madlala Chapter 10 Lorne Hallendorff Chapter 11 Hlomela Bucwa Chapter 12 Vuyani Ceassario Sokhaba Chapter 13 Mpho Khati Chapter 14 Continuities and discontinuities in student leadership: Has co-operative governance failed? About the editors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20200331 13 15 9781928502098 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/reflections-of-south-africa-student-leaders-1994-to-2017/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502104.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:db53ffdc-b92e-4005-b191-d1e32d9791c4 03 01 01 urn:uuid:db53ffdc-b92e-4005-b191-d1e32d9791c4 15 9781928331100 06 10.47622/9781928331094 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Reflections of South African University Leaders 1981 to 2014 1 B01 Council on Higher Education 01 eng 00 181 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Much has been written about the ever-growing demands on university leadership worldwide in the face of increasingly complex changes and challenges from within the academy and beyond. However, as we are reminded by Johan Muller in the Introduction to this book, “there are particular features of time and place that also throw up unique problems”. It is precisely ‘time and place’ that make this set of reflections by university leaders quite remarkable and distinguishes it from the many biographies to be found in the literature on higher education leadership. … In the main, this collection spans two decades, the 1990s and 2000s, of unprecedented levels of change in South African higher education. Leaders in universities, as well as those responsible for higher education policy in the government and associated statutory bodies, had no neat script to work off, nor ‘manuals’ or prescripts of ‘good’ leadership or practice. Instead, there was palpable excitement about collectively imagining and nurturing a new post-apartheid higher education system, which would contribute to the social and economic development needs of the country, the deepening of democracy and which would also be globally relevant.Most reflections touch on the coalface of leadership, which is the face-to-face interactional dimension, dealing with staff, with students, with council chairs. What comes through clearly, is the importance of what are sometimes called ‘people skills’. In these accounts this is not simply presented as a human relations aptitude, for a number of reasons, first of which is the special nature of universities and their occupants. More than one points out the special challenge of managing the talented people that are academics, and their inbuilt distaste for bureaucracy, their reluctance to be managed or told what to do. The message here is consistently one of needing to be completely open with academics, the importance of maintaining the distinction between ‘collegial’ and ‘executive’ management (avoiding ‘managerialism’), and the critical importance of winning and holding their trust. 04 00 Abbreviations and acronyms Foreword Nasima Badsha Introduction Johan Muller Chapter 1 The challenges of politics and collegial relations Stuart Saunders Chapter 2 Helping to lead a university: A job not what it seems Wieland Gevers Chapter 3 Lessons for leadership in higher education Brenda M. Gourley Chapter 4 Values and people: Backbone of the academic institution Brian Figaji Chapter 5 Two tales of quality and equality Chris Brink Chapter 6 Academic leadership during institutional restructuring Rolf Stumpf Chapter 7 Leadership challenges for research-intensive universities Loyiso Nongxa Chapter 8 Gender and transformation in higher education Lineo Vuyisa Mazwi-Tanga 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20160303 13 15 9781928331094 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/reflections-of-south-african-university-leaders-1981-to-2014/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331094.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:56e18873-6314-457b-a45a-71e2a52679bd 03 01 01 urn:uuid:56e18873-6314-457b-a45a-71e2a52679bd 15 9781067253752 06 10.47622/9781067253752 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Reflections on Identity in Four African Cities 1 B01 Simon Bekker 2 B01 Anne Leilde 01 eng 00 256 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Identity has become the watchword of our times. In sub-Saharan Africa, this certainly appears to be true and for particular reasons. Africa is urbanising rapidly, cross-border migration streams are swelling and globalising influences sweep across the continent. Africa is also facing up to the challenge of nurturing emergent democracies in which citizens often feel torn between older traditional and newer national loyalties. Accordingly, collective identities are deeply coloured by recent urban as well as international experience and are squarely located within identity politics where reconciliation is required between state nation-building strategies and sub-national affiliations. They are also fundamentally shaped by the growing inequality and the poverty found on this continent. These themes are explored by an international set of scholars in two South African and two Francophone cities. The relative importance to urban residents of race, class and ethnicity but also of work, space and language are compared in these cities. This volume also includes a chapter investigating the emergence of a continental African identity. A recent report of the Office of the South African President claims that a strong national identity is emerging among its citizens, and that race and ethnicity are waning whilst a class identity is in the ascendance. The evidence and analyses within this volume serve to gauge the extent to which such claims ring true, in what everyone knows is a much more complex and shifting terrain of shared meanings than can ever be captured by such generalisations. 04 00 Preface and acknowledgements 1. Introduction - Simon Bekker Part 1: Social identity: Construction, research and analysis 2. Identity studies in Africa: Notes on theory and method - Charles Puttergill & Anne Leildé Part 2: Profiles of four cities 3. Cape Town and Johannesburg - Izak van der Merwe & Arlene Davids 4. Demographic profiles of Libreville and Lomé - Hugues Steve Ndinga-Koumba Binza Part 3: Space and identity 5. Space and identity: Thinking through some South African examples - Philippe Gervais-Lambony 6. Domestic workers, job access, and work identities in Cape Town and Johannesburg - Claire Bénit & Marianne Morange 7. When shacks ain’t chic! Planning for ‘difference’ in post-apartheid Cape Town - Steven Robins Part 4: Class, race, language and identity 8. Discourses on a changing urban environment: Reflections of middle-class white people in Johannesburg - Charles Puttergill 9. Class, race, and language in Cape Town and Johannesburg - Simon Bekker & Anne Leildé 10. The importance of language identities to black residents of Cape Town and Johannesburg - Robert Mongwe 11. The importance of language identities in Lomé and Libreville - Simon Bekker & Anne Leildé Part 5: The African continent 12. What is an African? Narratives from urban South Africa, Gabon and Togo - Anne Leildé References List of contributors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20120528 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920051402.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/reflections-on-identity-in-four-african-cities/ 99 01 urn:uuid:4bbedb2f-a182-44de-b608-f2aedc0b78ea 03 01 01 urn:uuid:4bbedb2f-a182-44de-b608-f2aedc0b78ea 15 9781928502166 06 10.47622/9781928502159 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Refractions of the National, the Popular and the Global in African Cities 1 B01 Simon Bekker 2 B01 21 0000-0003-3197-1363 Sylvia Croese 3 B01 Edgar Pieterse 01 eng 00 188 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Case studies of metropolitan cities in nine African countries from Egypt in the north to three in West and Central Africa, two in East Africa and three in Southern Africa make up the empirical foundation of this publication. The interrelated themes addressed in these chapters the national influence on urban development, the popular dynamics that shape urban development and the global currents on urban development make up its framework. All authors and editors are African, as is the publisher. The only exception is Göran Therborn whose recent book, Cities of Power, served as motivation for this volume. Accordingly, the issue common to all case studies is the often conflictual powers that are exercised by national, global and popular forces in the development of these African cities. Rather than locating the case studies in an exclusively African historical context, the focus is on the trajectories of the postcolonial city (with the important exception of Addis Ababa with a non-colonial history that has granted it a special place in African consciousness). These trajectories enable comparisons with those of postcolonial cities on other continents. This, in turn, highlights the fact that Africa today, the least urbanised continent on an increasingly urbanised globe is in the thick of processes of large-scale urban transformation, illustrated in diverse ways by the case studies that make up the foundation of this publication. 04 00 Preface – Goran Therborn 1 Introduction – Simon Bekker, Sylvia Croese and Edgar Pieterse Part I The national in urban Africa Introduction to Part I – Simon Bekker 2 National projects in a postcolonial capital city: The example of Yaounde – Jean-Pierre Togolo 3 Lip service: How voices from informal settlements were sidelined during the first decade of local democracy in South Africa – Liela Groenewald 4 Centralised urban governance in the Greater Cairo City Region: A critical understanding of key challenges and responses – Amr Abdelaal, Hajer Awatta, Omar Nagati, Salwa Salman and Marwa Shykhon 5 Traditional chiefs and traditional authority in Kinshasa – Philippe Ibaka Sangu Part II The popular in urban Africa Introduction to Part II – Sylvia Croese 6 Local government as the stage for resistance: Strategies and tactics of opposing mega projects in Gauteng – Margot Rubin 7 Popular protests and the limits of civil society in the struggle for democracy in Zimbabwe, 2011 to 2016 – Ngonidzashe Marongwe 8 ‘We will be back to the street!’: Protest and the ‘empires’ of water in Nairobi – Wangui Kimari Part III The global in urban Africa Introduction to Part III – Edgar Pieterse 9 Africa’s new Dubai? Intersections between the global and the local in the redevelopment of the Bay of Luanda, Angola – Sylvia Croese 10 Urban governance and smart future cities in Nigeria: Lagos flagship projects as springboard? – Muyiwa Elijah Agunbiade, Oluwafemi Olajide and Hakeem Bishi 11 The governance of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit – Meseret Kassahun 12 Conclusion: African cities in the world of today and tomorrow – Goran Therborn and Alan Mabin List of contributors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20210120 13 15 9781928502159 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502159.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/refractions-african-cities/ 99 01 urn:uuid:e7c8a404-a7d3-4efc-b479-118c1ddea50d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:e7c8a404-a7d3-4efc-b479-118c1ddea50d 15 9781928502685 06 10.47622/9781928502678 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Reframing Africa? Reflections on Modernity and the Moving Image 1 B01 21 0000-0001-7075-2273 Cynthia Kros 2 B01 21 0000-0001-8641-7795 Reece Auguiste 3 B01 21 0000-0001-7284-7735 Pervaiz Khan 01 eng 00 246 03 20 film 10 SOC008010 20 film studies 04 00 1. The Reframing Africa Audio-Visual Project | Cynthia Kros, Reece Auguiste and Pervaiz Khan 2. Cinema, Imperial Conquest, Modernity | Reece Auguiste, Cynthia Kros and Pervaiz Khan 3. Reflections on Ciné-archival Studies and the Dispositif in Africa | Aboubakar Sanogo 4. Reframing Film Studies in Africa: Towards New Pedagogic Terrains | Saër Maty Bâ 5. Movements of War: Film as Apparatus of Inscription and Transmission | Bettina Malcomess 6. Reading Gestures in De Voortrekkers | Palesa Nomanzi Shongwe 7. Reframing South African Cinema History | Keyan G. Tomaselli and Anna-Marie Jansen van Vuuren 8. The Foxy Five: Woke Politics and Participatory Culture | Dylan Valley 9. Cinemas of Dis/agreement: Contemporary Afrikaner Dramas | Emelia Steenekamp 10. African Cinemas across African Borders: Bridging the Gap between North Africa and Africa South of the Sahara | A Conversation between Jihan El-Tahri and Pervaiz Khan 11. African Moving Image at the Intersection of Cinema and Television | A Conversation between Palesa Nomanzi Shongwe, Dylan Valley and Pervaiz Khan 12. A New Becoming: Towards an African Time-based Media Practice | Reece Auguiste 13. Opening the Way for Further Readings and Reframings | Cynthia Kros, Reece Auguiste and Pervaiz Khan 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20221214 13 15 9781928502678 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502678.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/reframing-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:e311bef6-4f12-4980-bfcb-dc5674a557a7 03 01 01 urn:uuid:e311bef6-4f12-4980-bfcb-dc5674a557a7 15 9781928331889 06 10.47622/9781928331872 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Research Universities in Africa 1 A01 Nico Cloete 2 A01 Ian Bunting 3 A01 21 0000-0002-1048-0429 Francois van Schalkwyk 01 eng 00 314 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 From the early 2000s, a new discourse emerged, in Africa and the international donor community, that higher education was important for development in Africa. Within this zeitgeist of converging interests, a range of agencies agreed that a different, collaborative approach to linking higher education to development was necessary. This led to the establishment of the Higher Education Research and Advocacy Network in Africa (Herana) to concentrate on research and advocacy about the possible role and contribution of universities to development in Africa. This book is the final publication to emerge from the Herana project. The project has also published more than 100 articles, chapters, reports, manuals and datasets, and many presentations have been delivered to share insights gained from the work done by Herana. Given its prolific dissemination, it seems reasonable to ask whether this fourth and final publication will offer the reader anything new. This book is certainly different from previous publications in several respects. First, it is the only book to include an analysis of eight African universities based on the full 15 years of empirical data collected by the project. Second, previous books and reports were published mid-project. This book has benefited from an extended gestation period allowing the authors and contributors to reflect on the project without the distractions associated with managing and participating in a large-scale project. For the first time, some of those who have been involved in Herana since its inception have had the opportunity to at least make an attempt to see part of the wood for the trees. Different does not necessarily mean new. An emphasis on the newness of the data and perspectives presented in this book is important because it shows that it is more than a historical record of a donor-funded project. Rather, each chapter in this book brings, to a lesser or greater extent, something new to our understanding of universities, research and development in Africa. 04 00 Acronyms and abbreviations About the authors Contributors Preface PART 1 TOWARDS RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES IN AFRICA Chapter 1 From flagships to research universities Chapter 2 The research performance of eight universities in Africa PART 2 UNDERSTANDING THE RESEARCH UNIVERSITY IN AFRICA Chapter 3 The role of the research university Chapter 4 Tensions between functions in the research university Chapter 5 Incentivising research performance at African universities Chapter 6 Evidence-based planning and governance Chapter 7 Knowledge and networks PART 3 ACADEMIC CORE PROFILES OF EIGHT AFRICAN UNIVERSITIES Chapter 8 Introduction to institutional profiles Chapter 9 University of Botswana Chapter 10 University of Cape Town Chapter 11 University of Dar es Salaam Chapter 12 Eduardo Mondlane University Chapter 13 University of Ghana Chapter 14 Makerere University Chapter 15 University of Mauritius Chapter 16 University of Nairobi PART 4 CONCLUSION References Appendix: Herana publications 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20181105 13 15 9781928331872 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/research-universities-in-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331872.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:a7c49e09-1a28-4831-848f-e568fa39406d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a7c49e09-1a28-4831-848f-e568fa39406d 15 9781928502982 06 10.47622/9781928502951 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Revisiting Africa’s Flagship Universities Local, National and International Dynamics 1 A01 21 0000-0002-3377-5414 James Ransom 01 eng 00 112 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of tables and figures Acknowledgements Foreword Prologue Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Universities, development and a neglected local role Chapter 3: The evolution of ten flagship universities Chapter 4: Blurring and bridging of geographic scales Chapter 5: What determines engagement activity? Chapter 6: Understanding the modern flagship university Chapter 7: Final thoughts and future considerations References About the author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20240926 13 15 9781928502951 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502951.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/flagship-universities/ 99 01 urn:uuid:5919d877-5556-4b9d-b554-b7d92753eb2c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5919d877-5556-4b9d-b554-b7d92753eb2c 15 9781920299101 06 10.47622/9781920299101 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Risk and Opportunity 2008 Transformation Audit 1 B01 Jan Hofmeyr 01 eng 00 108 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of tables and figures Contributors Preface Fanie du Toit Introduction Jan Hofmeyr Acronyms and abbreviations CHAPTER 1 Governance and the economy Scorecard: Economic performance Research - Achievements, failures and lessons of the South African macroeconomic experience, 1994–2008 Iraj Abedian Review - The global context of uncertainty: Risks and opportunities for South Africa Mills Soko CHAPTER 2 The labour market Scorecard: Labour market performance Review - Recent developments in the South African labour market Ingrid Woolard and Chris Woolard Briefing - Demography and the labour market: Risks and opportunities JP Landman Analysis - The visible hand of development: Industrial policy and implications for job creation Oupa Bodibe 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120319 13 15 9781920299101 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Risk%20and%20Opportunity%20-%20Transformation%20Audit%202008.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/risk-and-opportunity-2008-transformation-audit/ 99 01 urn:uuid:7b1e1290-3167-40c7-ab1c-4d9ec741d3c4 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7b1e1290-3167-40c7-ab1c-4d9ec741d3c4 15 9781928502906 06 10.47622/9781928502890 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Rocklands On Becoming the First Generation of Black Psychologists in Post-Apartheid South Africa 1 A01 21 0000-0003-1754-2482 Liezille Jean Jacobs 01 eng 00 176 03 20 psychology 10 SOC008010 03 00 In Rocklands, Liezille Jacobs reframes psychology not only as a profession, but as a profound calling that is intertwined with personal and societal evolution. Traversing her own personal journey from her adverse childhood experiences in Rocklands, Mitchell’s Plain, to being the first black Head of Department at Rhodes University in 120 years, Jacobs illuminates the interconnectedness of personal, professional and public roles, advocating for a shift from careerism to a movement grounded in shared values and principles.At the same time, the book makes a brave and erudite scholarly contribution to the field of psychology. Its method is unconventional but carefully considered. Those who have provided comments on the manuscript unanimously concur – this book is essential reading for students and academics, families and patriarchs in equal measure.The transformation imperative within psychology demands a stance of activism, if not revolution, against systems of oppression. This stance urges readers to view this book not only as an academic exercise but as a profound transformative exploration of “giving psychology away”; emphasising the idea of making psychological knowledge and expertise more accessible to the general public and sharing the benefits of psychological science with society to improve people’s lives. 04 00 Foreword by Jonathan D. Jansen Preface Chapter 1: Introduction 1 PART ONE Chapter 2: Rocky times in Rocklands Chapter 3: Displacement and the worst day of my life Chapter 4: Bad times in Breidbach Chapter 5: Living in two dimensions Chapter 6: A university orientation Chapter 7: Flashbacks and a “new” father Chapter 8: The liberation struggle continues Chapter 9: Love and marriage Chapter 10: Becoming a doctor Chapter 11: Four times a postdoc Chapter 12: Psychology’s unfinished business Chapter 13: 1 in 9 Chapter 14: Future Professors Fellow PART TWO Jacobs on autopsychobiography Theory Research questions Methods Conclusion References About the author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20240801 13 15 9781928502890 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/rocklands/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502890.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:683c6b97-36e5-4e28-ad8f-59cd72c246a6 03 01 01 urn:uuid:683c6b97-36e5-4e28-ad8f-59cd72c246a6 15 9781928502043 06 10.47622/9781928502036 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Science Communication in South Africa Reflections on Current Issues 1 B01 21 0000-0002-8275-525X Peter Weingart 2 B01 21 0000-0003-0178-1796 Marina Joubert 3 B01 Bankole Falade 01 eng 00 236 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Why do we need to communicate science? Is science, with its highly specialised language and its arcane methods, too distant to be understood by the public? Is it really possible for citizens to participate meaningfully in scientific research projects and debate? Should scientists be mandated to engage with the public to facilitate better understanding of science? How can they best communicate their special knowledge to be intelligible? These and a plethora of related questions are being raised by researchers and politicians alike as they have become convinced that science and society need to draw nearer to one another. Once the persuasion took hold that science should open up to the public and these questions were raised, it became clear that coming up with satisfactory answers would be a complex challenge. The inaccessibility of scientific language and methods, due to ever increasing specialisation, is at the base of its very success. Thus, translating specialised knowledge to become understandable, interesting and relevant to various publics creates particular perils. This is exacerbated by the ongoing disruption of the public discourse through the digitisation of communication platforms. For example, the availability of medical knowledge on the internet and the immense opportunities to inform oneself about health risks via social media are undermined by the manipulable nature of this technology that does not allow its users to distinguish between credible content and misinformation. In countries around the world, scientists, policy-makers and the public have high hopes for science communication: that it may elevate its populations educationally, that it may raise the level of sound decision-making for people in their daily lives, and that it may contribute to innovation and economic well-being. This collection of current reflections gives an insight into the issues that have to be addressed by research to reach these noble goals, for South Africa and by South Africans in particular. 04 00 1 Introduction Peter Weingart, Marina Joubert & Bankole Falade 2 Why science communication? Janice Limson 3 Putting responsible research and innovation into practice at a local level in South Africa Penelope S. Haworth & Anne M. Dijkstra 4 Developing a targeted behavioural change communication strategy for a linguistically and culturally diverse community Konosoang Sobane & Wilfred Lunga 5 The challenge of communicating science effectively in fisheries management Doug S. Butterworth 6 Science and social media: Opportunities, benefits and risks Shirona Patel 7 The quackery virus: A preliminary analysis of pseudoscientific health messages on Twitter George Claassen 8 The amplification of uncertainty: The use of science in the social media by the anti-vaccination movement François van Schalkwyk 9 Why impact evaluation matters in science communication: Or, advancing the science of science communication Eric Allen Jensen About the editors and the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20191128 13 15 9781928502036 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502036.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/science-communication-in-south-africa-reflections-on-current-issues/ 99 01 urn:uuid:4c0693db-0695-46e7-841e-ab134c72b6ff 03 01 01 urn:uuid:4c0693db-0695-46e7-841e-ab134c72b6ff 15 9781067253653 06 10.47622/9781067253653 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Sea-ice Vol. 3 in the FicSci Series 01 afr 01 eng 00 88 03 10 LCO001000 10 SCI075000 10 SCI063000 04 00 OO Sea Ice Science O1 Pancakes O2 The History of Ice O3 Verweer O4 Boreas Box-17 O5 Mimi, Captain’s Log O6 The Reigning Ice O7 Two Poems O8 Brine O9 Cold, Cold Woman 1O Winter: An Icy Ally 11 The Mushy Layer 12 FicSci 13 Threshold 14 Outroduction: Thinning Ice, Concerning Ice Biographies 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20250801 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781067253653.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/sea-ice/ 99 01 urn:uuid:5f2691ad-bf73-4417-be03-f5c088d69641 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5f2691ad-bf73-4417-be03-f5c088d69641 15 9781920677510 06 10.47622/9781920677510 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Seeking Impact and Visibility Scholarly Communication in Southern Africa 1 A01 21 0000-0001-6238-3973 Henry Trotter 2 A01 21 0000-0003-3099-5910 Catherine Kell 3 A01 21 0000-0002-4925-2028 Michelle Willmers 4 A01 21 0000-0002-2176-0143 Eve Gray 5 A01 21 0000-0002-6560-8995 Thomas King 01 eng 00 262 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 African scholarly research is relatively invisible globally because even though research production on the continent is growing in absolute terms, it is falling in comparative terms. In addition, traditional metrics of visibility, such as the Impact Factor, fail to make legible all African scholarly production. Many African universities also do not take a strategic approach to scholarly communication to broaden the reach of their scholars'work. To address this challenge, the Scholarly Communication in Africa Programme (SCAP) was established to help raise the visibility of African scholarship by mapping current research and communication practices in Southern African universities and by recommending and piloting technical and administrative innovations based on open access dissemination principles. To do this, SCAP conducted extensive research in four faculties at the Universities of Botswana, Cape Town, Mauritius and Namibia. 04 00 Tables and figures Abbreviations Project group Acknowledgements Executive summary Chapter 1. Programme overview Chapter 2. Project components and methodology Chapter 3. The Southern African university context Chapter 4. Scholarly communication policy landscape in Southern Africa Chapter 5. Research and communication practices Chapter 6. The SCAP implementation initiative Chapter 7. Challenges, contradictions and opportunities Chapter 8. Key findings Chapter 9. Recommendations References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20140520 13 15 9781920677510 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/seeking-impact-and-visibility-scholarly-communication-in-southern-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/9781920677510-content2.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:5f873719-40f2-4538-b5c3-38aa8fbdb03e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5f873719-40f2-4538-b5c3-38aa8fbdb03e 15 9781920677855 06 10.47622/9781920489465 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Shaping the Future of South Africa’s Youth Rethinking Post-School Education and Skills Training 1 B01 Helene Perold 2 B01 Nico Cloete 3 B01 21 0000-0003-2079-9430 Joy Papier 01 eng 00 208 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Across nine evidence-based chapters, 17 authors offer a succinct overview of the different facets of post-school provision in South Africa. These include an analysis of the impact of the national qualifications system on occupational training, the impact of youth unemployment, the capacity of the post-school system to absorb larger numbers of young people, the relationship between universities and FET colleges, the need for more strategic public and private investment in skills development, and a youth perspective on education and training policy. The authors have a number of recommendations for improving the alignment between schooling, further education and training, and university education – interventions that could shape the future of South Africa’s youth. 04 00 Acronyms List of tables, figures and diagrams Author biographies Acknowledgements Introduction Nico Cloete and John Butler-Adam The boundaries and functions of post-school education Chapter 1 Why Solving Ongoing Problems with the NQF Matters Stephanie Allais The impact of youth unemployment Chapter 2 The Challenges Unemployment Imposes on Youth Cecil Mlatsheni Chapter 3 The Challenge of Youth-to-work Transitions: An international perspective Tia Linda Zuze The further education and training landscape in South Africa Chapter 4 A Statistical Overview of Further Education and Training Colleges Charles Sheppard and Ronaldo Sheppard Chapter 5 Strengthening the Capacity of FET Colleges to Meet the Needs of Young People Rolf Stumpf, Joy Papier, Timothy McBride and Seamus Needham Chapter 6 Higher Education and an Expanded Post-School Education System Trish Gibbon, Johan Muller and Heather Nel Skills development and training in South Africa Chapter 7 Trends in Training in South Africa Nicola Branson Chapter 8 Key Issues in the Assessment of South Africa’s National Skills Development Strategy Sean Archer Conclusions and recommendations Chapter 9 Opening the Doors of Learning? Viewing the post-school education and training landscape from a youth perspective Helene Perold References Appendix: Submission in Response to the Green Paper for Post-School Education and Training 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120516 13 15 9781920677855 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/shaping-the-future-of-south-africas-youth-rethinking-post-school-education-and-skills-training/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/13407164351047234866.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:c66c22fb-ddf0-401a-9bb0-cc7a60ac0d67 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c66c22fb-ddf0-401a-9bb0-cc7a60ac0d67 15 9781928502012 06 10.47622/9781928502005 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Sharing Knowledge, Transforming Societies The Norhed Programme 2013-2020 1 B01 Tor Halvorsen 2 B01 21 0000-0002-0697-6640 Kristin Orgeret 3 B01 21 0000-0003-2231-7714 Roy Krøvel 01 eng 00 570 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 In June 2016, the Norwegian Programme for Capacity Development in Higher Education and Research for Development (Norhed) hosted a conference on the theme of ‘knowledge for development’ in an attempt to shift the focus of the programme towards its academic content. This book follows up on that event. The conference highlighted the usefulness of presenting the value of Norhed’s different projects to the world, showing how they improve knowledge and expand access to it through co-operation. A wish for more meta-knowledge was also expressed and this gives rise to the following questions: Is this way of co-operating contributing to the growth of independent post-colonial knowledge production in the South, based on analyses of local data and experiences in ways that are relevant to our shared future? Does the growth of academic independence, as well as greater equality, and the ability to develop theories different to those imposed by the better-off parts of the world, give rise to deeper understandings and better explanations? Does it, at least, spread the ability to translate existing methodologies in ways that add meaning to observations of local context and data, and thus enhance the relevance and influence of the academic profession locally and internationally? This book, in its varied contributions, does not provide definite answers to these questions but it does show that Norhed is a step in the right direction. Norhed is an attempt to fund collaboration within and between higher education institutions. We know that both the uniqueness of this programme, and ideas of how to better utilise the learning and experience emerging from it, call for more elaboration and broader dissemination before we can offer further guidance on how to do things better. This book is a first attempt. 04 00 Foreword by Hirut Woldemariam Frequently used acronyms and abbreviations PREFACE Sustainable capacity development in higher education and research: Norad’s approach Jeanette da Silva & Douglas Tendai Phiri INTRODUCTION The Norhed programme: A laboratory for academic collaboration Tor Halvorsen PART ONE: GLOBAL–LOCAL REALITIES Introduction by Tor Halvorsen 1 Decolonising universities Mahmood Mamdani 2 Antimicrobial stewardship and conservancy in Africa L Middleton, F Lampiao, T Zimba, SN Muzime, GS Simonsen, L Smabrekke, J Musaya, V Solomon, F Suleman, A Sundsfjord & SY Essack 3 Bridging gaps, building futures: Global journalism and local practices Kristin Skare Orgeret & William Tayeebwa 4 Indigenous and communitarian knowledges Roy Krøvel 5 Edward K Kirumira: A view of Norhed from the South Interviewed by Tor Halvorsen PART TWO: THE ECO-SOCIAL PARADIGM SHIFT Introduction by Tor Halvorsen 6 Building capacity for the management of coastal resources in Tanzania and Zanzibar Pius Z Yanda, Ian Bryceson, Haji Mwevura, Wahira Othman, Betsy Beymer-Farris, Chris Maina Peter, Emma Liwenga & Faustin Maganga 7 Capacity building for climate-smart natural resource management and policy in Malawi and Ethiopia Mesfin Tilahun, Stein T Holden & Julius H Mangisoni 8 Building research and educational capacity in Vietnam and Sri Lanka on the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems management: Challenges, achievements and lessons learned Claire W Armstrong & Nguyen Thi Kim Anh PART THREE: UPSKILLING AND PROFESSIONALISATION Introduction by Kristin Skare Orgeret 9 Promoting professionalisation in nursing and midwifery Alfred Maluwa, Margaret Maimbolwa, Clara Haruzivishe, Patricia KatowaMukwato, Jon Oyvind Odland, Babil Stray Pedersen, Ellen Chirwa, Midion Chidzonga & Address Malata 10 Vocational pedagogy Arne Rohnny Sannerud 11 Teacher education in Ethiopia: Reshaping the training of science and mathematics teacher educators Ahmed Y Ahmed, Meskerem L Debele, Haftu H Gebremeskel, Dawit A Getahun, Dawit T Tiruneh & Dereje T Wondem 12 Improving the quality and capacity of mathematics teachers in Malawi: A collaborative project between the University of Malawi and the University of Stavanger Mercy Kazima & Arne Jakobsen PART FOUR: KNOWLEDGE, IDENTITY, CULTURE Introduction by Roy Krøvel 13 Intercultural communication and autonomy in Latin America: The journey of RUIICAY-HIOA Intercultural Communication Linkage Programme José Luis Saballos Velásquez 14 Linguistic capacity building in Ethiopia: Results and challenges Derib Ado Jekale, Binyam Sisay Mendisu & Janne Bondi Johannessen 15 Academic and cultural perceptions of foreign students: Implications for the sustainability of international partnerships Elizabeth Kaase-Bwanga 16 Models of co-operation between a university in Norway and two universities in Africa: An autoethnographic report Birgit Brock-Utne PART FIVE: REFORMING UNIVERSITIES, REFORMING SOCIETIES Introduction by Tor Halvorsen 17 Voices from within: The academic profession and the social sciences at Makerere University Andrea Felde & Tor Halvorsen 18 Developing a sustainable PhD programme: Experiences from southern Ethiopia Bernt Lindtjørn, Moges Tadesse & Eskindir Loha 19 From needs assessment to academic leadership training for women in Ethiopia Jeanette H Magnus, Kora Tushune & Abraham Haileamlak 20 Engendering and decolonising legal education: South–South and South–North co-operation Patricia Kameri-Mbote, Anne Hellum, Julie Stewart, Ngeyi Kanyongolo & Mulela Munalula 21 Transforming research, teaching and learning of public administration for improved governance and management: The Norhed experience in Malawi Happy Kayuni, Dan Banik, Boniface Dulani & Kaja Elise Gresko 22 The challenge of capacity building in occupational health: Experiences from Tanzania, Ethiopia and Norway Bente E Moen, Wakgari Deressa & Simon HD Mamuya 23 Building a new master’s and PhD programme in nutritional epidemiology in Kinshasa: How to face obstacles beyond the control of the project Mapatano Mala Ali, Christiane Horwood & Anne Hatløy POSTSCRIPT 24 Higher education institutions and transformational development: Ways forward Kristin Skare Orgeret 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20191019 13 15 9781928502005 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/sharing-knowledge-transforming-societies-the-norhed-programme-2013-2020/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502005.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:01aa0400-9151-47fd-a4f2-e1de4a4369d1 03 01 01 urn:uuid:01aa0400-9151-47fd-a4f2-e1de4a4369d1 15 9781928502135 06 10.47622/9781928502128 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Situating Open Data Global Trends in Local Contexts 1 B01 21 0000-0002-3233-2750 Danny Lämmerhirt 2 B01 21 0000-0003-1672-5244 Ana Brandusescu 3 B01 21 0000-0003-3941-7447 Natali a Domagala 4 B01 21 0000-0001-9311-3263 Patrick Enaholo 01 eng 00 256 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Open data and its effects on society are always woven into infrastructural legacies, social relations, and the political economy. This raises questions about how our understanding and engagement with open data shifts when we focus on its situated use.To shed a light on these questions, Situating Open Data provides several empirical accounts of open data practices, the local implementation of global initiatives, and the development of new open data ecosystems. Drawing on case studies in different countries and contexts, the chapters demonstrate the practices and actors involved in open government data initiatives unfolding within different socio-political settings.The book proposes three recommendations for researchers, policy-makers and practitioners. First, beyond upskilling through data literacy programmes, open data initiatives should be specified through the kinds of data practices and effects they generate. Second, global visions of open data implementation require more studies of the resonances and tensions created in localised initiatives. And third, research into open data ecosystems requires more attention to the histories and legacies of information infrastructures and how these shape who benefits from open data flows.As such, this volume departs from the framing of data as a resource to be deployed. Instead, it proposes a prism of different data practices in different contexts through which to study the social relations, capacities, infrastructural histories and power structures affecting open data initiatives. It is hoped that the contributions collected in Situating Open Data will spark critical reflection about the way open data is locally practiced and implemented. The contributions should be of interest to open data researchers, advocates, and those in or advising government administrations designing and rolling out effective open data initiatives. 04 00 About this book Acknowledgements About the editors Introduction Chapter 1 What technology and open data can do for women in Kosovo: A critical assessment of the potential of ICT skills programmes and open data to empower women in the ICT sector in Kosovo | Natalia Domagala Chapter 2 Journalists and the intermediation of open data: A Nigerian perspective | Patrick Enaholo & Doyinsola Dina Chapter 3 Using open data for public services | Miranda Marcus, Ed Parkes, Therese Karger-Lerchl, Jack Hardinges & Roza Vasileva Chapter 4 Localising global commitments: Open data in sub-national contexts in Indonesia and the Philippines | Michael Cañares Chapter 5 Closing the gaps in open data implementation at sub-national government level in Indonesia | Ilham Cendekia Srimarga & Markus Christian Chapter 6 The cost of late payments in public procurement | Juan Pane, Camila Salazar & Julio Paciello Chapter 7 Connecting flows and places: Flows of (open) data to, from and within hyperlocal communities in Tanzania | François van Schalkwyk Chapter 8 Decentralised open data publishing for the public transport route planning ecosystem | Julián Rojas, Bert Marcelis, Eveline Vlassenroot, Mathias van Compernolle, Pieter Colpaert & Ruben Verborgh Chapter 9 Building a framework for the analysis of factors to creation and growth of an open data ecosystem | Edson Carlos Germano, Nicolau Reinhard & Violeta Sun Chapter 10 From theory to practice: Open government data, accountability and service delivery | Michael Christopher Jelenic About the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20200925 13 15 9781928502128 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/situation-open-data-global-trends-in-local-contexts/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502128.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:70e0999e-172c-4416-aaef-cc9a2e896b7c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:70e0999e-172c-4416-aaef-cc9a2e896b7c 15 9781920299293 06 10.47622/9781920299293 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Some Developments in Research in Science and Mathematics in Sub-Saharan Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-8272-8593 Lorna Holtman 2 B01 Cyril Julie 3 B01 Øyvind Mikalsen 4 B01 21 0009-0002-8512-8515 David Mtetwa 5 B01 Meshach Ogunniyi 01 eng 00 408 03 10 EDU029030 10 EDU007000 10 SOC008010 03 00 Much attention in late-developing countries is given to providing access to studies which allow school leavers to enter science and technology-related careers. These programmes are driven by the belief that graduates will then substantially contribute to the developmental needs of their countries. But is providing access to institutions enough? Students in developing countries often come from school environments lacking in resources – human, physical and financial. This book, in a number of chapters, reviews research related to the crucial dimension of epistemological access to the disciplines of import, which students need as much as institutional access in order to improve their chances of success.A significant feature of this collection’s research studies is that their empirical bases are highly localised, covering areas such as: research methods; access; curriculum, instruction and assessment; and the relevance of science and mathematics education in Zimbabwe, Uganda, Swaziland, South Africa, Namibia, Malawi, Ghana and Lesotho.This volume provides invaluable insights and will be of relevance to researchers, policy makers and lecturers interested in these research outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is the outcome of a doctoral research capacity development project, the Graduate Studies in Science, Mathematics and Technology Education (GRASSMATE). 04 00 Foreword Øyvind Mikalsen and Cyril Julie Introduction Cyril Julie and Lorna Holtman THEME: RESEARCH 1 1. Developing a Research Instrument for Learner-Centred Classroom Observations: A Namibian Experience Hileni M. Kapenda, Ole E. Torkildsen, David Mtetwa and Cyril Julie 2. Introducing New Content into a School Mathematics Curriculum: The Case of Cryptology Kalvin Whittles, Ole-Einar Torkildsen, Cyril Julie and Trygve Breiteig 3. Analysing Learners’ Written Work for Open Mathematical Tasks Cyril Julie and Ole-Einar Torkildsen THEME: ACCESS 4. Epistemological Obstacles in Understanding the Limit of a Sequence: A Case of Undergraduate Students at the National University of Lesotho Eunice K. Moru, Jan Persens, Trygve Breiteig and Joyce Ndalichako 5. Foundational Provisions in the UWC Science Faculty: Widening Access and Promoting Success Lorna B. Holtman and Delia Marshall 6. Prospective A-Level Mathematics Teachers’ Perspectives of the Concept of a Function Maroni Runesu Nyikahadzoyi, Cyril Julie, David K.J. Mtetwa and Ole Einar Torkildsen 7. Promoting the Learning of Mathematics: On the Use of Learning Styles in a Distance Education Calculus Course Chipo Tsvigu, Trygve Breiteig, Jan Persens and Joyce Ndalichako THEME: CURRICULUM, INSTRUCTION AND ASSESSMENT 8. Performance Assessment in Science: Some Experiences of Teachers and Students in Swaziland Victoria Kelly, Dirk Meerkotter, Lorna Holtman and Øyvind Mikalsen 9. Localising the Junior Secondary Science Curriculum in Lesotho: An Attempt at Integrating Technology and Science Lits’abako Ntoi, Lorna Holtman, Meshach Ogunniyi and Svein Sjøberg 10. Practice-Related Underachievement in Science Education: The Case of Malawi Emmanuel Dzama, Lorna Holtman, Stein Dankert Kolstø and Øyvind Mikalsen 11. The Rationale for Science Education, Curriculum Change and Reform in sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Zimbabwe Elaosi Vhurumuku, Lorna Holtman, Øyvind Mikalsen and Stein Dankert Kolstø 12. Co-presentations of Science and Indigenous Cosmologies: A Challenge for Lesotho Science Educators Neo Paul Liphoto, Stein Dankert Kolstø, Silas Oluka and Meshach B. Ogunniyi 13. Knowledge and Process Skills Used by South African and Norwegian Students to Perform Cognitive Tasks on Gases Øyvind Mikalsen and Meshach Ogunniyi 14. Mathematics Teacher Practices in Ugandan Secondary Schools Charles Opolot-Okurut, Cyril Julie, Øyvind Mikalsen and Silas Oluka 15. The Participation and Contribution of Teachers in Zimbabwe Towards Their Own Professional Development Peter Kwaira, Stein Dankert Kolstø, Dirk Meerkotter and Meshach Ogunniyi THEME: RELEVANCE OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION 16. What Kinds of Science and Technology Do Pupils in Ghanaian Junior Secondary Schools Want to Learn About? Ishmael K. Anderson, Sven Sjøberg and Øyvind Mikalsen 17. What are the interests of Zimbabwean secondary school children in school science? Francis Z. Mavhunga, Svein Sjøberg, Øyvind Mikalsen and Cyril Julie 18. The Relevance of School Mathematics Education (ROSME) Cyril Julie and Lorna Holtman 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920299293 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/some-developments-in-research-in-science-and-mathematics-in-sub-saharan-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Some%20Developments%20in%20Research%20in%20Science%20and%20Mathematics%20in%20Sub-Saharan%20Africa.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:ba197722-3971-4e88-823d-2d9686c46947 03 01 01 urn:uuid:ba197722-3971-4e88-823d-2d9686c46947 15 9781920489823 06 10.47622/9781920489823 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Sounding the Cape Music, Identity and Politics in South Africa 1 A01 Denis-Constant Martin 01 eng 00 472 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 For several centuries Cape Town has accommodated a great variety of musical genres which have usually been associated with specific population groups living in and around the city. Musical styles and genres produced in Cape Town have therefore been assigned an ìidentityî which is first and foremost social. This volume tries to question the relationship established between musical styles and genres, and social --in this case pseudo-racial --identities.In Sounding the Cape, Denis-Constant Martin recomposes and examines through the theoretical prism of creolisation the history of music in Cape Town, deploying analytical tools borrowed from the most recent studies of identity configurations. He demonstrates that musical creation in the Mother City, and in South Africa, has always been nurtured by contacts, exchanges and innovations whatever the efforts made by racist powers to separate and divide people according to their origin. Musicians interviewed at the dawn of the 21st century confirm that mixture and blending characterise all Cape Town's musics. They also emphasise the importance of a rhythmic pattern particular to Cape Town, the ghoema beat, whose origins are obviously mixed. The study of music demonstrates that the history of Cape Town, and of South Africa as a whole, undeniably fostered creole societies. Yet, twenty years after the collapse of apartheid, these societies are still divided along lines that combine economic factors and 'racial'categorisations.Martin concludes that, were music given a greater importance in educational and cultural policies, it could contribute to fighting these divisions and promote the notion of a nation that, in spite of the violence of racism and apartheid, has managed to invent a unique common culture. 04 00 Prelude Acknowledgements Timeline Part One: The Emergence of Creolised Identities CHAPTER ONE Music and Identity: A Theoretical Prologue CHAPTER TWO Cape Town’s Musics: A Legacy of Creolisation Part Two: The Dialectics of Separation and Interweaving CHAPTER THREE Separation and Interweaving in the 20th Century: Futile Separations Vincent Kolbe’s Childhood Memories CHAPTER FOUR Separation and Interweaving in the 20th Century: Fertile Intertwining Chris McGregor talks about the Blue Notes, Jazz, and South African Society “Soweto Sun”, an Interview with Rashid Vally by Denis-Constant Martin CHAPTER FIVE Two Decades of Freedom CHAPTER SIX The Musicians’ Discourse: Cape Town as a Musical Potjiekos Conclusion Recognising Creolisation? References Illustrations Musicians Interviewed in 2007 and 2009 Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20130516 13 15 9781920489823 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Sounding-the-Cape-Web.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/sounding-the-cape-music-identity-and-politics-in-south-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:ae782b7e-8681-4368-b393-88eb7ba231a9 03 01 01 urn:uuid:ae782b7e-8681-4368-b393-88eb7ba231a9 15 9781928502876 06 10.47622/9781928502869 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 State Power in Land Reform Barriers to implementation in the Western and Northern Cape, South Africa, 1990–2006 1 A01 21 0000-0002-0625-5229 Thorvald Gran 00 156 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of tables List of figures Works on land reform previously published by the author Foreword 1 Introduction 1.1 Problem and research question 1.2 Searle’s (2001) theory of rationality: Disjunctions and reflection rooms 1.3 Mamdani’s (1996) theory of communal land and political power 1.4 Seligman (1997): Trust assigns freedom and authority to another 1.5 The Hupe (2011) theory of incongruent implementation 1.6 Norman Long (1989, 2001) on disjunctions between persons, institutions and systems 1.7 Fields of study, selected institutions 1.8 The empirical investigations 1.9 World Bank economists Binswanger and Deininger (1996) on organization in agriculture 1.10 Farms: The national picture 1.11 Rural imbalances confronting the ANC Government 2 ANC land policy 1990–2005: A critique 2.1 The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) 2.2 The Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) program 2.3 The Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD) program 2.4 All LRAD eggs in one basket? 3 2019 Government-appointed panel on land reform: A critique 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Land is not a commodity 3.3 Land reform has not worked 3.4 An anachronistic model 3.5 African communalism: In a new presence? 3.6 Private ownership: A basic value also into the future 3.7 Life unfolds locally 3.8 Municipal organization 3.9 Democracy at all levels 3.10 People are subjects 3.11 Panel conclusion 4 Powerful inherited structures 4.1 European mission stations 4.2 Myths 4.3 Communal land 4.4 Urban–rural relations 4.5 Land productivity 4.6 Bricolage 4.7 Subsistence production in capitalism 5 The ANC’s burden of state organization 5.1 Nationalisations 5.2 Land under chiefs 5.3 Varying views on land reform 5.4 The Landless People’s Movement 5.5 The ANC’s state organization dilemma 5.6 Struggles of state in ANC 5.7 Ben Cousins (PLAAS): Stages of land reform 1994–2016 5.8 Overall evaluation 5.9 Costs of land reform 5.10 The relevance of the South Africa case 6 The land state in the western region of South Africa 6.1 Land reform on the ground 6.2 Livelihood improvements 6.3 Study group (SG): The public land elite 6.4 The politicians 6.5 Party leadership 6.6 Structures in the land state 6.7 Agents 6.8 Politicians’ evaluations of the agricultural bureaucracy 6.9 Democracy in place: The legislatures are more divided on land reform than the bureaucracy 6.10 Obligations on land in the Department of Agriculture at Elsenburg 6.11 The new Elsenburg (1997): Miniscule but creative land reform within commercial agriculture 6.12 Weak support for reorientation 7 The power of a transformed bureaucracy in land reform: Professionalism in the public sector 7.1 Democratisation of the land administration 7.2 Administration of water 7.3 The Water Research Commission 7.4 The development perspective of the Agricultural Research Council 7.5 The land and water management regimes 7.6 The land administration: Devalued and fragmented 7.7 The land state’s conceptions of state authority, markets and stakeholders in land 7.8 The land state: Competent, but poorly integrated and distrusting of stakeholders 8 Land reform in Paulshoek and Saron 8.1 Land politics in Paulshoek 8.2 Public management in Namaqualand 8.3 Saron: Survival and commercial pressure on land 8.4 The Del Monte fruit company 9 Conclusion: The barriers to land reform in the state: Lack of municipal democracy and administrative competence 9.1 Findings 9.2 The welfare state 9.3 Emerging black farmers 9.4 The ANC as a rational actor: Making good on its obligations 10 References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20240930 13 15 9781928502869 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502869.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/state-power-land/ 99 01 urn:uuid:cc6cc393-4c9a-470f-9b1e-ed4f3b723425 03 01 01 urn:uuid:cc6cc393-4c9a-470f-9b1e-ed4f3b723425 15 9781928331230 06 10.47622/9781928331223 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Student Politics in Africa Representation and Activism 1 B01 21 0000-0002-6675-0512 Thierry Luescher 2 B01 21 0000-0003-4956-2584 Manja Klemencic 3 B01 21 0009-0000-9589-8826 James Otieno Jowi 01 eng 00 257 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Acronyms and abbreviations Acknowledgements Foreword Chapter 1 Introduction Thierry M Luescher, Manja Klemenčič and James Otieno Jowi Chapter 2 Student organising in African higher education: Polity, politics and policies Manja Klemenčič, Thierry M Luescher and Taabo Mugume Chapter 3 Student representation in a context of democratisation and massification in Africa: Analytical approaches, theoretical perspectives and #RhodesMustFall Thierry M Luescher Chapter 4 The evolving nature of student participation in university governance in Africa: An overview of policies, trends and emerging issues Ibrahim Oanda Chapter 5 The three ages of student politics in Francophone Africa: Learning from the cases of Senegal and Burkina Faso Pascal Bianchini Chapter 6 Revisiting student participation in higher education governance at the University of Buea, Cameroon: 2004–2013 Samuel N Fongwa and Godlove N Chifon Chapter 7 Student participation in the governance of Ethiopian higher education institutions: The case of Addis Ababa University Bekele Workie Ayele Chapter 8 Private higher education and student representation in Uganda: A comparative analysis of Makerere University and Uganda Christian University Taabo Mugume and Mesharch W Katusiimeh Chapter 9 Student actions against paradoxical post-apartheid higher education policy in South Africa: The case of the University of the Western Cape Mlungisi BG Cele, Thierry M Luescher and Teresa Barnes Chapter 10 The University of Burundi and student organisations: Governance system, political development and student representation Gérard Birantamije Chapter 11 Politicisation of the National Union of Ghana Students and its effects on student representation Ransford EV Gyampo, Emmanuel Debrah and Evans Aggrey-Darkoh Chapter 12 Conclusion James Otieno Jowi Epilogue Students, politics and universities: In search of interpretive schemes for the 21st century Lis Lange About the authors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20160303 13 15 9781928331223 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331223.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/student-politics-in-africa-representation-and-activism/ 99 01 urn:uuid:d23b1608-4920-4211-af73-6b5a53e71a2a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:d23b1608-4920-4211-af73-6b5a53e71a2a 15 9781920677374 06 10.47622/9781920677374 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Systemic School Improvement Interventions in South Africa Some Practical Lessons from Development Practioners 1 B01 Godwin Khosa 01 eng 00 120 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Looking at two smaller-scale systemic school improvement projects implemented in selected district circuits in the North West and Eastern Cape by partnerships between government, JET Education Services, and private sector organisations, this book captures and reflects on the experiences of the practitioners involved. The Systemic School Improvement Model developed by JET to address an identified range of interconnected challenges at district, school, classroom and household level, is made up of seven components. In reflecting on what worked and what did not in the implementation of these different components, the different chapters set out some of the practical lessons learnt, which could be used to improve the design and implementation of similar education improvement projects. Many of the lessons in this field that remain under-recorded to date relate to the step-by-step processes followed, the relationship dynamics encountered at different levels of the education system, and the local realities confronting schools and districts in South Africa's rural areas. Drawing on field data that is often not available to researchers, the book endeavours to address this gap and record these lessons. It is not intended to provide an academic review of the systemic school improvement projects. It is presented rather to offer other development practitioners working to improve the quality of education in South African schools, an understanding of some of the real practical and logistical challenges that arise and how these may be resolved to take further school improvement projects forward at a wider district, provincial and national scale. 04 00 Foreword SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: The Systemic School Improvement Model Godwin Khosa SECTION 2: LESSONS LEARNT IN TEACHER DEVELOPMENT Chapter 2: JET’s Approach to Teacher Development Chimwemwe Kamanga Chapter 3: Teacher Development Interventions in the GET Band Chimwemwe Kamanga Chapter 4: Standardised Teacher Testing in GET Roelien Herholdt Chapter 5: Teacher Development Interventions in the FET Band Patience Voller SECTION 3: FURTHER LESSONS Chapter 6: Cost (Benefit) Analysis of FET Teacher Development Double-Hugh Marera Chapter 7: Parental Involvement in Improving Schooling Kedibone Boka Chapter 8: Lessons on District-level Support and Integration Godwin Khosa, with Dina Mashamaite and Koleka Ntantiso Chapter 9: Stakeholder Involvement in the BSSIP and COEP Muavia Gallie and Aneesha Mayet Acronyms & Abbreviations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20140620 13 15 9781920677374 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/systemic-school-improvement-interventions-in-south-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/9781920677374-content.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:71602b58-d37e-4ec5-89c3-dcadb991ccad 03 01 01 urn:uuid:71602b58-d37e-4ec5-89c3-dcadb991ccad 15 9781928502258 06 10.47622/9781928502241 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Teaching and Learning for Change Education and Sustainability in South Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0001-6206-4681 Ingrd Schudel 2 B01 21 0000-0002-7708-3487 Zintle Songqwaru 3 B01 Sirkka Tshiningayamwe 4 B01 21 0000-0002-5193-9881 Heila Lotz-Sisitka 01 eng 00 334 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Like many national curricula around the world, South Africa’s curriculum is rich in environment and sustainability content. Despite this, environmental teaching and learning can be challenging for educators. This comes at a time when Sustainable Development Goal 4 via Target 4.7 requires governments to integrate Education for Sustainable Development into national education systems.Teaching and Learning for Change is an exploration of how teachers and teacher educators engage environment and sustainability content knowledge, methods, and assessment practices – an exposition of quality education processes in support of ecological and social justice and sustainability.The chapters evolve from a ten-year research programme led out of the DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Global Change and Social Learning Systems working with national partners in the Fundisa for Change programme and the UNESCO Sustainability Starts with Teachers programme. They show the integration of education for sustainable development in teacher professional development and curricula in schools in South Africa. They reveal how university-based researchers, teachers and teacher educators have made theoretically and contextually reasoned choices about their lives and their teaching in response to calls for a more sustainable world in which education must play a role.Teaching and Learning for Change will be of interest to education policymakers in government, advisors and educators in educational and environmental departments, NGOs and other institutions. It will also be of interest to teacher educators, teachers and researchers in education more generally, and environment and sustainability education specifically. 04 00 Introduction 1. Engaging Education for Sustainable Development as Quality Education in the Fundisa for Change Programme Ingrid Schudel, Heila Lotz-Sisitka, Zintle Songqwaru and Sirkka Tshiningayamwe SECTION A: Environmental content knowledge in the curriculum 2. Strengthening Environment and Sustainability Subject Knowledge: Curriculum Challenges and Opportunities Ingrid Schudel and Heila Lotz-Sisitka 3. Investigating the Nature of Biodiversity Knowledge in Natural Sciences Curriculum and Textbooks Makwena Mmekwa and Ingrid Schudel 4. An Exploration of what Grade 7 Natural Sciences Teachers Know, Believe and Say about Biodiversity and the Teaching of Biodiversity Dorelle Isaacs and Lausanne Olvitt 5. Supporting Student Teachers to Teach Catchment and River Management in Geography Gavin Heath and Rob O’Donoghue 6. Making Sense of Climate Change in a National Curriculum Heila Lotz-Sisitka, Caleb Mandikonza, Shanu Misser and Kgomotso Thomas 7. An Analysis of Environment and Sustainability Content Coverage in the Grade 12 Curriculum Sikhulile Bonginkosi Msezane SECTION B: Transformative pedagogies for environment and sustainability learning 8. Theorising Active Learning – A Historical Analysis Ingrid Schudel 9. An Examination of the Nexus between Environmental Knowledge and Environmental Learning Processes Christina Chitsiga and Ingrid Schudel 10. Review of a Course-supported Design Research Intervention Process for the Inclusion of Education for Sustainable Development in School Subject Disciplines Rob O’Donoghue, Shanu Misser and Janet Snow-Macleod 11. Assisting Learners to Take Up Agency in Problem-Solving Activities Therese Lambrechts, Rob O’Donoghue and Ingrid Schudel SECTION C: Assessing environmental learning 12. Advancing Assessment Thinking in Education for Sustainable Development with a Focus on Significant Learning Processes Overson Shumba, Caleb Mandikonza and Heila Lotz-Sisitka 13. Emergent Curriculum and Sustainability Competencies in Environmental Learning Antonia Tholakele Mkhabela and Ingrid Schudel 14. Formative Assessment for Quality Environmental Learning in Natural Sciences Classrooms Nomvuyo Mgoqi and Ingrid Schudel SECTION D: Teacher professional development for environment and sustainability learning 15. Teacher Professional Development in Environment and Sustainability Education Zintle Songqwaru and Sirkka Tshiningayamwe 16. Enhancing Capabilities of Life Sciences Teachers: Professional Development, Conversion Factors and Functionings in Teachers’ Professional Learning Communities Sirkka Tshiningayamwe and Heila Lotz-Sisitka 17. Developing Teacher Capabilities and Valued Functionings in Professional Learning Communities: Focus on Environmental Content Knowledge in Natural Sciences Kgomotso Thomas and Zintle Songqwaru 18. Teacher Contexts as Amplifiers and Filters to Environmental Pedagogical Content Knowledge within a Professional Development System Susan Brundrit and Ingrid Schudel 19. A Realist Approach to Evaluating the Fundisa for Change Training Programme Zintle Songqwaru About the contributors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20211215 13 15 9781928502241 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/teaching-learning-change/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502241.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:1cd6ad97-a10d-4174-99f7-308391f20db6 03 01 01 urn:uuid:1cd6ad97-a10d-4174-99f7-308391f20db6 15 9781928331674 06 10.47622/9781928331667 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Artistry of Bheki Mseleku 1 A01 21 0000-0002-5954-0330 Andrew Lilley 01 eng 00 246 03 10 MUS050000 10 MUS025000 04 00 Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Explanatory notes PART ONE – ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITIONS Chapter 1 – Cycles Chapter 2 – Lineage Chapter 3 – Roots Chapter 4 – Blueprints Chapter 5 – Aesthetic PART TWO – IMPROVISATION Chapter 6 – Considerations for analysis Chapter 7 – Solo transcriptions Appendix A Appendix B References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20200630 13 15 9781928331667 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331667.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-musical-artistry-of-bheki-mseleku/ 99 01 urn:uuid:0378165c-c792-41e3-ba66-f00c3f1b7e29 03 01 01 urn:uuid:0378165c-c792-41e3-ba66-f00c3f1b7e29 15 9781920677961 06 10.47622/9781920677961 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Civil Society Guide to Regional Economic Communities in Africa 1 A01 21 0000-0001-6166-2081 Morris Odhiambo 2 A01 Rudy Chitiga 3 A01 21 0000-0002-8094-2684 Solomon Ebobrah 01 eng 00 138 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Since 1963, when the African integration project was born, regional Economic Communities (RECs) have been an indispensable part of the continents deeper socioeconomic and political integration. More than half a century later, such regional institutions continue to evolve, keeping pace with an Africa that is transforming itself amid challenges and opportunities. RECs represent a huge potential to be the engines that drive the continents economic growth and development as well as being vehicles through which a sense of a continental community is fostered. It is critical therefore that citizens understand the multi-faceted and bureaucratic operations of regional institutions in order to use them to advance their collective interests. 04 00 Tables | Figures | Acknowledgements | Background 1. Executive summary 2. The East African Community 3. The Economic Community of West African States 4. The Southern African Development Community 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160125 13 15 9781920677961 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/OS-REC-GUIDE-web1.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-civil-society-guide-to-regional-economic-communities-in-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:3e789888-099d-4a6a-b9b4-79e32f34e49e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:3e789888-099d-4a6a-b9b4-79e32f34e49e 15 9781928331407 06 10.47622/9781928331391 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Delusion of Knowledge Transfer The Impact of Foreign Aid Experts on Policy-making in South Africa and Tanzania 1 A01 21 0000-0002-6830-9077 Susanne Koch 2 A01 21 0000-0002-8275-525X Peter Weingart 01 eng 00 384 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 With the rise of the ‘knowledge for development’ paradigm, expert advice has become a prime instrument of foreign aid. At the same time, it has been object of repeated criticism: the chronic failure of ‘technical assistance’ – a notion under which advice is commonly subsumed – has been documented in a host of studies. Nonetheless, international organisations continue to send advisors, promising to increase the ‘effectiveness’ of expert support if their technocratic recommendations are taken up. This book reveals fundamental problems of expert advice in the context of aid that concern issues of power and legitimacy rather than merely flaws of implementation. Based on empirical evidence from South Africa and Tanzania, the authors show that aid-related advisory processes are inevitably obstructed by colliding interests, political pressures and hierarchical relations that impede knowledge transfer and mutual learning. As a result, recipient governments find themselves caught in a perpetual cycle of dependency, continuously advised by experts who convey the shifting paradigms and agendas of their respective donor governments. For young democracies, the persistent presence of external actors is hazardous: ultimately, it poses a threat to the legitimacy of their governments if their policy-making becomes more responsive to foreign demands than to the preferences and needs of their citizens. 04 00 List of tables List of figures List of abbreviations Acknowledgements Introduction: Perpetuating dependence: Expert advice as tool of foreign aid Chapter 1: Knowledge transfer to young democracies: Issues of legitimacy, sovereignty, and efficacy Chapter 2: Accessing the world of development aid: Study design and fieldwork Chapter 3: South Africa and Tanzania: Two different types of ‘donor darlings’ Chapter 4: Multiple actors, colliding interests: The main players of the aid game Chapter 5: Intricacies of expert advice in the aid context Chapter 6: Retaining autonomy of agenda-setting in dealing with advice Chapter 7: The impact of expert advice on policy-making in young democracies: Sector studies Chapter 8: There is no substitute for local knowledge: Summary and conclusion References Appendix 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20161003 13 15 9781928331391 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-delusion-of-knowledge-transfer/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331391.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:8137ba52-4283-45ae-b7f3-1cd3ad6e4593 03 01 01 urn:uuid:8137ba52-4283-45ae-b7f3-1cd3ad6e4593 15 9781928331544 06 10.47622/9781928331537 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Future of Scholarly Publishing Open Access and the Economics of Digitisation 1 B01 21 0000-0002-8275-525X Peter Weingart 2 B01 21 0000-0002-2357-2648 Niels Taubert 01 eng 00 288 03 10 EDU039000 03 00 The formal scientific communication system is currently undergoing significant change. This is due to four developments: the digitisation of formal science communication; the economisation of academic publishing as profit drives many academic publishers and other providers of information; an increase in the self-observation of science by means of publication, citation and utility-based indicators; and the medialisation of science as its observation by the mass media intensifies. Previously, these developments have only been dealt with individually in the literature and by science-policy actors. The Future of Scholarly Publishing documents the materials and results of an interdisciplinary working group commissioned by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW) to analyse the future of scholarly publishing and to make recommendations on how to respond to the challenges posed by these developments.As per the working groups intention, the focus was mainly on the sciences and humanities in Germany. However, in the course of the work it became clear that the issues discussed by the group are equally relevant for academic publishing in other countries. As such, this book will contribute to the transfer of ideas and perspectives, and allow for mutual learning about the current and future state of scientific publishing in different settings. 04 00 List of Abbreviations Foreword to the English Edition Introduction 1 Changes in Scientific Publishing: A Heuristic for Analysis | Niels Taubert & Peter Weingart Part One: The Changing Scholarly Publishing System 2 Different from Discipline to Discipline: Diversity in the Scholarly Publication System | Konstanze Rosenbaum 3 Recent Processes of Change from the Perspective of Academic Publishers | Niels Taubert 4 On the Situation and Development of Academic Libraries | Peter Weingart 5 A Participatory Experiment in Science Policy: Results and Evaluation of the ‘Publication System’ Online Consultation | Niels Taubert & Kevin Schön Part Two: Framing Conditions 6 Recommendations, Statements, Declarations and Activities of Science Policy Actors on Shaping the Scholarly Communication System | Ulrich Herb 7 Open Access: Effects on Publishing Behaviour of Scientists, Peer Review and Interrelations with Performance Measures | David Ball 8 Copyright and Changing Systems of Scientific Communication | Alexander Peukert & Marcus Sonnenberg Part Three: Visions Visions Concerning the Future of Publishing in Science 9 Electronic Publishing, Open Access, Open Science and Other Dreams | Martin Grötschel 10 A Vision of Scientific Communication | Reinhold Kliegl 11 Methodological Optimism Regarding the Digital Future: Critical Remarks on the Recommendations on the Future of the Scholarly Communication System | Volker Gerhardt 12 Trust, Quality Assurance and Open Access: Predatory Journals and the Future of the Scholarly Publication System | Peter Weingart 13 Publishing in German Sociology in the Year 2030 | Niels Taubert 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20170928 13 15 9781928331537 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-future-of-scholarly-publishing-open-access-and-the-economics-of-digitisation/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331537.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:8aeaf6b4-b583-4d9b-a1f9-e1ac5cc037a5 03 01 01 urn:uuid:8aeaf6b4-b583-4d9b-a1f9-e1ac5cc037a5 15 9781928331940 06 10.47622/9781928331933 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Next Generation of Scientists in Africa 1 A01 21 0000-0002-2110-3151 Catherine Beaudry 2 A01 21 0000-0002-0339-7440 Johann Mouton 3 A01 21 0000-0001-8091-5830 Heidi Prozesky 01 eng 00 216 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Young scientists are a powerful resource for change and sustainable development, as they drive innovation and knowledge creation. However, comparable findings on young scientists in various countries, especially in Africa and developing regions, are generally sparse. Therefore, empirical knowledge on the state of early-career scientists is critical in order to address current challenges faced by those scientists in Africa. This book reports on the main findings of a three-and-a-half-year international project in order to assist its readers in better understanding the African research system in general, and more specifically its young scientists. The first part of the book provides background on the state of science in Africa, and bibliometric findings concerning Africa's scientific production and networks, for the period 2005 to 2015. The second part of the book combines the findings of a large-scale, quantitative survey and more than 200 qualitative interviews to provide a detailed profile of young scientists and the barriers they face in terms of five aspects of their careers: research output; funding; mobility; collaboration; and mentoring. In each case, field and gender differences are also taken into account. The last part of the book comprises conclusions and recommendations to relevant policy- and decision-makers on desirable changes to current research systems in Africa. 04 00 Preface List of acronyms and abbreviations About the editors and the authors PART ONE: Context: The state of science in Africa Chapter 1: African science: A diagnosis Chapter 2: African science: A bibliometric analysis Chapter 3: Research funding landscapes in Africa PART TWO: The challenges that young scientists in Africa face Chapter 4: The young scientist: A profile Chapter 5: Lack of funding Chapter 6: Lack of mentoring and support Chapter 7: Mobility and the careers of young scientists PART THREE: Research performance Chapter 8: Research publications Chapter 9: Collaboration PART FOUR: Conclusions and recommendations A tale of two halves Recommendations Concluding comments Appendix 1: Research design and methodology Appendix 2: The questionnaire References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20181106 13 15 9781928331933 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-next-generation-of-scientists/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331933.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:97c0921e-fa5f-4869-b412-1a6a221d1984 03 01 01 urn:uuid:97c0921e-fa5f-4869-b412-1a6a221d1984 15 9781920489977 06 10.47622/9781920489977 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Origins of War in Mozambique A History of Unity and Division 1 A01 Sayaka Funada-Classen 01 eng 02 jpn 00 440 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The independence of Mozambique in 1975 and its decolonisation process attracted worldwide attention as a successful example of national unity. Yet, the armed conflict that broke out between the government and the guerrilla force in 1977 lasted for sixteen years and resulted in over a million deaths and several million refugees, placing this concept of national unity into doubt. For nearly twenty years, Sayaka Funada-Classen interviewed people in rural communities in Mozambique. By examining their testimonies, historical documents, previous studies, international and regional politics, and the changes that various interventions under colonialism brought to the traditional social structure, this book demonstrates that the seeds of division had already been planted while the liberation movement was seeking unity in the struggle years. Presenting a comprehensive history of contemporary Mozambique, this book is indispensable for Mozambican scholars. It promises to serve as a landmark study not only for historians and the scholars of African studies but also for those who give serious consideration to the problems of conflict and peace in the world. 04 00 Preface List of Illustrations List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Introduction Seeking the Origins of Unity and Division Chapter 1. Emergence of “Mozambique” and Social Changes under Colonial Rule Chapter 2. Characteristics of Maúa and the Process of Colonisation Chapter 3. Mozambique Before the Liberation Struggle Chapter 4. World Politics from 1960 to 1975 and Mozambique’s Liberation Struggle Chapter 5. Maúa Circumscription during the Liberation Struggle Conclusion From the Liberation Struggle to Post-independence Armed Conflict Bibliography Acknowledgements About the Author About the Translator Index of Organisations and Institutions Index of People and Ethnic Groups Index of Place Names 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20130528 13 15 9781920489977 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920489977.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-origins-of-war-in-mozambique-a-history-of-unity-and-division/ 99 01 urn:uuid:2dc78bdc-de63-40fd-b84e-5f7fb03d9795 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2dc78bdc-de63-40fd-b84e-5f7fb03d9795 15 9783110601183 06 10.1515/9783110601183 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Politics of Housing in (Post-)Colonial Africa Accommodating Workers & Urban Residents 1 B01 21 0000-0002-9437-3769 Kirsten Rüther 2 B01 Martina Barker-Ciganikova 3 B01 21 0000-0002-6953-8445 Daniela Waldburger 4 B01 Carl-Philipp Bodenstein 01 eng 00 230 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Housing matters, no matter when or where. This volume of collected essays on housing in colonial and postcolonial Africa seeks to elaborate how and why housing is much more than an everyday practice. The politics of housing unfold in disparate dimensions of time, space and agency. Depending on context, they acquire diverse, often ambivalent, meanings. Housing can be a promise, an unfulfilled dream, a tool of self- and class-assertion, a negotiation process, or a means to achieve other ends. This volume analyzes housing in its multifacetedness, be it a lens to offer insights into complex processes that shape societies; be it a tool of empire to exercise control over private relations of inhabitants; or be it a means to create good, obedient and productive citizens. Contributions to this volume range from the field of history, to architecture and urban planning, African studies, linguistics, and literature. The individual case studies home in on specific aspects and dimensions of housing and seek to bring them into dialogue with each other. By doing so, the volume aims to add to the debate on studying urban practices and their significance for current social change. 04 00 List of illustrations 1. Introduction | Martina Barker-Ciganikova 2.The Rule of Rent: The State, Employers and the Becoming Urban Dweller in Northern Rhodesia Acting Across a Societal Field of Force, c. 1948–1962 | Kirsten Rüther 3. Ruashi, a Pessac in Congo? On the Design, Inhabitation, and Transformation of a 1950s Neighborhood in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo | Sofie Boonen and Johan Lagae 4. At Home with Nairobi’s Working Poor: Reading Meja Mwangi’s Urban Novels | Martina Kopf 5. La problématique de l’habitat dans la ville de Lubumbashi (Elisabethville), province du Katanga, 1910–1960 | Donatien Dibwe dia Mwembu 6. House, Home, Health and Hygiene – Social Engineering of Workers in Elisabethville/ Lubumbashi (1940s to 1960s) Through the Lens of Language Usage | Daniela Waldburger 7. Spatio-physical Power and Social Control Strategies of the Colonial State in Africa: The Case of CDC Workers’ Camps in Cameroon | Ambe Njoh and Liora Bigon 8. Concrete Does not Cry: Interdisciplinary Reflections on and Beyond Housing | Nicholas Sungura and Marlene Wagner in discussion with Martina Barker-Ciganikova and Kirsten Rüther Contributors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20210518 13 15 9783110598278 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/politics-of-housing-in-postcolonial-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.1515/9783110601183.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:7a98cde8-d9f0-403a-9a54-605fbe6c2215 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7a98cde8-d9f0-403a-9a54-605fbe6c2215 15 9781928331575 06 10.47622/9781928331568 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The Social Dynamics of Open Data 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1048-0429 Francois van Schalkwyk 2 B01 21 0000-0001-6566-6071 Stefaan Verhulst 3 B01 Gustavo Magalhaes 4 B01 Juan Pane 5 B01 Johanna Walker 01 eng 00 208 03 10 SOC000000 03 00 The Social Dynamics of Open Data is a collection of peer reviewed papers presented at the 2nd Open Data Research Symposium (ODRS) held in Madrid, Spain, on 5 October 2016. Research is critical to developing a more rigorous and fine-combed analysis not only of why open data is valuable, but how it is valuable and under what specific conditions. The objective of the Open Data Research Symposium and the subsequent collection of chapters published here is to build such a stronger evidence base. This base is essential to understanding what open datas impacts have been to date, and how positive impacts can be enabled and amplified. Consequently, common to the majority of chapters in this collection is the attempt by the authors to draw on existing scientific theories, and to apply them to open data to better explain the socially embedded dynamics that account for open datas successes and failures in contributing to a more equitable and just society. 04 00 Chapter 1 Introduction: The state of open data and open data research François van Schalkwyk & Stefaan G Verhulst Chapter 2 The challenges of institutionalising open government data: A historical perspective of Chile’s OGD initiative and digital government institutions Felipe González-Zapata & Richard Heeks Chapter 3 Beyond standards and regulations: Obstacles to local open government data initiatives in Italy and France Federico Piovesan Chapter 4 Governance of open spatial data infrastructures in Europe Glenn Vancauwenberghe & Bastiaan van Loenen Chapter 5 Beyond mere advocacy: CSOs and the role of intermediaries in Nigeria’s open data ecosystem Patrick Enaholo Chapter 6 Rethinking civil society organisations working in the freedom of information and open government data fields Silvana Fumega Chapter 7 Open your data and will ‘they’ build it? A case of open data co-production in health service delivery Fabrizio Scrollini Chapter 8 The relational impact of open data intermediation: Experience from Indonesia and the Philippines Arthur Glenn Maail Chapter 9 Smart cities need to be open: The case of Jakarta, Indonesia Michael P Caňares Chapter 10 Protecting privacy while releasing data: Strategies to maximise benefits and mitigate risks Joel Gurin, Matt Rumsey, Audrey Ariss & Katherine Garcia 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20171212 13 15 9781928331568 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-social-dynamics-of-open-data/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331568.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:48c5a742-a138-465d-b7f0-021feb8f463b 03 01 01 urn:uuid:48c5a742-a138-465d-b7f0-021feb8f463b 15 9781552506127 06 10.47622/9781928331957 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The State of Open Data Histories and Horizons 1 B01 Tim Davies 2 B01 21 0000-0002-0509-9164 Mor Rubinstein 3 B01 Fernando Perini 01 eng 00 590 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Its been ten years since open data first broke onto the global stage. Over the past decade, thousands of programmes and projects around the world have worked to open data and use it to address a myriad of social and economic challenges. Meanwhile, issues related to data rights and privacy have moved to the centre of public and political discourse. As the open data movement enters a new phase in its evolution, shifting to target real-world problems and embed open data thinking into other existing or emerging communities of practice, big questions still remain. How will open data initiatives respond to new concerns about privacy, inclusion, and artificial intelligence? And what can we learn from the last decade in order to deliver impact where it is most needed? The State of Open Data brings together over 60 authors from around the world to address these questions and to take stock of the real progress made to date across sectors and around the world, uncovering the issues that will shape the future of open data in the years to come. 04 00 Acknowledgements About the editors Foreword by Beth Simone Noveck Introduction SECTION 1: OPEN DATA SECTORS AND COMMUNITIES Introduction Chapter 1. Accountability and anti-corruption Jorge Florez and Johannes Tonn Chapter 2. Agriculture Ruthie Musker, Ben Schaap, Martin Parr, and André Laperriere Chapter 3. Corporate ownership Jack Lord Chapter 4. Crime and justice Sandra Elena Chapter 5. Development assistance and humanitarian action Catherine Weaver, Josh Powell, and Heather Leson Chapter 6. Education Javiera Atenas and Leo Havemann Chapter 7. Environment Selwyn Willoughby Chapter 8. Extractives Anders Pedersen Chapter 9. Geospatial Renée Sieber Chapter 10. Government finances Cécile Le Guen Chapter 11. Health Mark Irura Chapter 12. Land ownership Tim Davies and Sumandro Chattapadhyay Chapter 13. National statistics Shaida Badiee, Caleb Rudow, and Eric Swanson Chapter 14. Telecommunications Stephen Song Chapter 15. Transport Pieter Colpaert and Julián Andrés Rojas Meléndez Chapter 16. Urban development Jean-Noé Landry SECTION 2: ISSUES IN OPEN DATA Introduction Chapter 17. Algorithms and artificial intelligence Tim Davies Chapter 18. Data infrastructure Leigh Dodds and Peter Wells Chapter 19. Data literacy Mariel Garcia Montes and Dirk Slater Chapter 20. Gender equity Ana Brandusescu and Nnenna Nwakanma Chapter 21. Indigenous data sovereignty Stephanie Carroll Rainie, Tahu Kukutai, Maggie Walter, Oscar Luis, Figueroa-Rodríguez, Jennifer Walker, and Per Axelsson Chapter 22. Measurement Danny Lämmerhirt and Ana Brandusescu Chapter 23. Privacy Teresa Scassa SECTION 3: OPEN DATA STAKEHOLDERS Introduction Chapter 24. Civil society Christopher Wilson Chapter 25. Donors and investors Fernando Perini and Michael Jarvis Chapter 26. Governments Barbara-Chiara Ubaldi Chapter 27. Journalists and the media Alex Howard and Eva Constantaras Chapter 28. Multilateral organisations Craig Hammer Chapter 29. Private sector Joel Gurin, Carla Bonina, and Stefaan Verhulst Chapter 30. Researchers François van Schalkwyk SECTION 4: OPEN DATA AROUND THE WORLD Introduction Chapter 31. Eastern Europe and Central Asia Lejla Sadiku and Yaera Chung Chapter 32. European Union Rufus Pollock and Danny Lämmerhirt Chapter 33. Latin America and the Caribbean Silvana Fumega and Maurice McNaughton Chapter 34. Middle East and North Africa Nagla Rizk, Nancy Salem, and Stefanie Felsberger Chapter 35. North America, Australia, and New Zealand David Eaves, Ben McGuire, and Audrey Carson Chapter 36. South, East, and Southeast Asia Michael Canares Chapter 37. Sub-Saharan Africa Leonida Mutuku and Teg-wende Idriss (Tinto) Conclusion and recommendations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20190515 13 15 9781928331957 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331957.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/state-of-open-data/ 99 01 urn:uuid:2fbe75a4-328f-4bd2-ac4b-bd1a244d4009 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2fbe75a4-328f-4bd2-ac4b-bd1a244d4009 15 9781920355678 06 10.47622/9781920355678 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 The University in Africa and Democratic Citizenship Hothouse or Training Ground? 1 A01 21 0000-0002-6675-0512 Thierry Luescher-Mamashela 01 eng 00 138 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Whether and how higher education in Africa contributes to democratisation beyond producing the professionals that are necessary for developing and sustaining a modern political system, remains an unresolved question. This report, then, represents an attempt to address the question of whether there are university specific mechanisms or pathways by which higher education contributes to the development of democratic attitudes and behaviours among students, and how these mechanisms operate and relate to politics both on and off campus. The research contained in this report shows that the potential of a university to act as training ground for democratic citizenship is best realised by supporting students' exercise of democratic leadership on campus. This, in turn, develops and fosters democratic leadership in civil society. Thus, the university's response to student political activity, student representation in university governance and other aspects of extra-curricular student life needs to be examined for ways in which African universities can instil and support democratic values and practices. Encouraging and facilitating student leadership in various forms of on-campus political activity and in a range of student organisations emerges as one of the most promising ways in which African universities can act as training grounds for democratic citizenship. The project on which this report is based forms part of a larger study on Higher Education and Democracy in Africa, undertaken by the Higher Education Research and Advocacy Network in Africa (HERANA). HERANA is coordinated by the Centre for Higher Education Transformation in South Africa. 04 00 Acknowledgements The Project Group Executive Summary CHAPTER 1: HERANA Higher Education and Democracy: The Student Governance Surveys CHAPTER 2: Background and Context: Three Countries, Universities and Student Bodies CHAPTER 3: Students’ Demand for Democracy and Freedom CHAPTER 4: Students’ Perception of the Supply of Democracy and Democratic Consolidation CHAPTER 5: Students’ Political Engagement and Behaviour CHAPTER 6: Student Politics and the University: Implications and Recommendations References Appendices 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355678 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/the-university-in-africa-and-democratic-citizenship/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/13407158341238733124.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:35f4af22-a48e-4ab6-ae68-418aaee262ad 03 01 01 urn:uuid:35f4af22-a48e-4ab6-ae68-418aaee262ad 15 9781920489625 06 10.47622/9781920051839 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Towards a People-Driven African Union Current Obstacles and New Opportunities 1 B01 AfriMAP 01 eng 00 78 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This report is the first independent, substantive and public assessment of the progress of the African Union. Towards a People-Driven African Union: Current Obstacles and New Opportunities analyses the preparations of African Union member-states, the AU Commission and civil society organisations for the twice-yearly AU summits. The main finding is that despite some welcome new opportunities for participation, the African Union's vision of 'an Africa driven by its own citizens' remains largely unfulfilled. Detailed recommendations are offered to help deliver on this vision in future. Published by AFRODAD, AfriMAP and Oxfam, this report is endorsed by more than a dozen other organisations in Africa and elsewhere, and is based on interviews with more than 50 representatives of member-states, the AU Commission and civil society organisations in eleven African countries. 04 00 Acknowledgements List of acronyms Preface: Background to this study 1. Findings and recommendations 2. Background: The African Union 3. Preparation of AU summits at continental level 4. Preparations for summits by member states 5. Regional economic communities and the African Union 6. The African Union Commission: Outreach to civil society 7. The Economic, Social and Cultural Council 8. Autonomous civil society engagement with the African Union 9. Key decisions at summits in 2006 10. Update: January–November 2007 Individuals consulted for this report Organisations involved Endnotes 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20120824 13 15 9781920051839 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/towards-a-people-driven-african-union/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920051839.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:821069bf-42a0-49ff-a5be-9af2a36cda93 03 01 01 urn:uuid:821069bf-42a0-49ff-a5be-9af2a36cda93 15 9781920489991 06 10.47622/9781920489991 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Trading Places Accessing Land in African Cities 1 B01 21 0000-0001-7283-9882 Mark Napier 2 B01 21 0000-0003-0367-9242 Stephen Berrisford 3 B01 21 0000-0003-2311-4935 Caroline Kihato 4 B01 Rod McGaffin 5 B01 Lauren Royston 01 eng 00 144 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Trading Places is about urban land markets in African cities. It explores how local practice, land governance and markets interact to shape the ways that people at society's margins access land to build their livelihoods. The authors argue that the problem is not with markets per se, but in the unequal ways in which market access is structured. They make the case for more equal access to urban land markets, not only for ethical reasons, but because it makes economic sense for growing cities and towns. If we are to have any chance of understanding and intervening in predominantly poor and very unequal African cities, we need to see land and markets differently. New migrants to the city and communities living in slums are as much a part of the real estate market as anyone else; they're just not registered or officially recognised. This book highlights the land practices of those living on the city's margins, and explores the nature and character of their participation in the urban land market. It details how the urban poor access, hold and trade land in the city, and how local practices shape the city, and reconfigures how we understand land markets in rapidly urbanising contexts. Rather than developing new policies which aim to supply land and housing formally but with little effect on the scale of the need, it advocates an alternative approach which recognises the local practices that already exist in land access and management. In this way, the agency of the poor is strengthened, and households and communities are better able to integrate into urban economies. 04 00 About the authors Foreword Preface Chapter 1 Land and markets in African cities: Time for a new lens? Mark Napier Chapter 2 Defining markets: A set of transactions between actors Rob McGaffin and Caroline Wanjiku Kihato Chapter 3 In the meantime … Moving towards secure tenure by recognising local practice Lauren Royston Chapter 4 Getting land governance right in sub-Saharan cities: More than land administration Stephen Berrisford Chapter 5 Choices and decisions: Locating the poor in urban land markets Caroline Wanjiku Kihato and Mark Napier References Acronyms Glossary 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20131101 13 15 9781920489991 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/trading-places-accessing-land-in-african-cities/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/9781920489991_content1.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:46ba7634-d819-4b0e-a33b-04ff2f6288c4 03 01 01 urn:uuid:46ba7634-d819-4b0e-a33b-04ff2f6288c4 15 9781928502777 06 10.47622/9781928502760 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Transformative Innovation in Times of Change Lessons for Africa from COVID-19 1 A01 21 0000-0002-1779-2126 Erika Kraemer-Mbula 2 A01 21 0000-0001-8391-9992 Rebecca Hanlin Hanlin 3 A01 21 0000-0002-0906-3820 Rob Byrne 4 A01 21 0000-0002-5179-4176 Chux Daniels 5 A01 21 0000-0002-7006-8508 Ann Kingiri 01 eng 00 402 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Foreword Preface 1 Introduction Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Rob Byrne, Rebecca Hanlin, Chux Daniels and Ann Kingiri SECTION I: RETHINKING POLICY FRAMEWORKS 2 Pairing social innovation and resilience to achieve transformative change: From innovative solutions to innovative ways of understanding problems Dieunedort Wandji and Jeremy Allouche 3 Strengthening innovation ecosystems in Africa: Seeking out systemic changes in the wake of the 2020 pandemic Olugbenga Adesida, Geci Karuri-Sebina and Krishnie Thaver 4 Unlocking systemic barriers to health innovations in Africa Albert Edgar Manyuchi and John Ouma-Mugabe 5 Revisiting resource-based development strategies in the postpandemic era Keun Lee SECTION II: PROBLEM-SPECIFIC POLICY RESPONSES 6 Harnessing innovation in the informal food services sector: Insights for public policy Il-haam Petersen, Nazeem Mustapha, Nicole Dunn-van Rheede and Glenda Kruss 7 Enabling inclusive technological change through transformative policies: Frugal innovations from medical device manufacturing firms in South Africa Sanghamitra Chakravarty and Peter Knorringa 8 Endogenous pharmaceutical innovation: Epistemological perspectives from Benin and South Africa Ogundiran Soumonni and Aimé Sègla TRANSFORMATIVE INNOVATION IN TIMES OF CHANGE 9 A pro-poor science–policy interface in Africa Joanes Atela, Nora Ndege and Mark Pelling SECTION III: CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES 10 Different strokes of the fourth industrial revolution: Lessons from the pandemic on technological change and prospects for Africa Julius Gatune, Geci Karuri-Sebina, Ann Kingiri, Edward Lorenz and Diederik de Boer 11 Sustainable development finance and investments: Theoretical and policy implications for Africa Jacob Park 12 Industrial recovery in post-pandemic sub-Saharan Africa Massoud Hedeshi SECTION IV: REFLECTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 13 Sectoral reflections: Energy transitions and mobile money Reflection 1: The energy sector in sub-Saharan Africa in light of pandemic responses Rob Byrne Reflection 2: Mobile money, the pandemic and policy Ann Numi, Josephat Okemwa and Ann Kingiri 14 Conclusion Rebecca Hanlin, Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Rob Byrne, Chux Daniels and Ann Kingiri About the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20230401 13 15 9781928502760 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502760.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/transformative-innovation-covid/ 99 01 urn:uuid:fb97bd2d-01b3-4e54-8566-1e09dbf2730c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:fb97bd2d-01b3-4e54-8566-1e09dbf2730c 15 9782954099484 06 10.47622/9782954099477 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Transformer l’excellence en recherche Nouvelles idées des pays du Sud Global 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1779-2126 Erika Kraemer-Mbula 2 B01 21 0000-0001-5237-9583 Robert Tijssen 3 B01 21 0000-0001-5407-8653 Matthew Wallace 4 B01 21 0000-0001-8084-4817 Robert McLean 01 fre 00 301 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 La science contemporaine est soumise à de fortes pressions. Un mélange puissant d’attentes croissantes, de ressources limitées, de tensions entre la concurrence et la coopération, et le besoin d’un financement fondé sur des données probantes, créent un changement majeur dans la façon dont la science est menée et perçue. Au milieu de cette « tempête parfaite » se trouve l’attrait de « l’excellence de la recherche », un concept qui guide les décisions prises par les universités et les bailleurs de fonds, et définit les stratégies de recherche et les trajectoires de carrière des chercheurs.Mais qu’est-ce qu’une science « excellente » ? Et comment la reconnaître ? Après des décennies d’enquêtes et de débats, il n’y a toujours pas de réponse satisfaisante. Posons-nous la mauvaise question ? La réalité est-elle plus complexe et « l’excellence scientifique » plus insaisissable que beaucoup ne veulent l’admettre ? Et comment l’excellence devrait-elle être définie dans différentes régions du monde, surtout dans les pays à faible revenu du « Sud Global » où l’on attend de la science qu’elle contribue à résoudre les problèmes de développement urgents, malgré des ressources souvent limitées ? Beaucoup se demandent si le Sud Global importe, avec ou sans consentement, les outils imparfaits d’évaluation de la recherche provenant d’Amérique du Nord et d’Europe, qui ne sont pas adaptés.Ce livre adopte une vision critique, abordant des questions conceptuelles et des problèmes pratiques qui surgissent inévitablement lorsque « l’excellence » est au centre des systèmes scientifiques. Issu du travail de renforcement des capacités du Science Granting Councils Initiative en Afrique subsaharienne, il s’adresse aux chercheurs, ainsi qu’aux gestionnaires et aux bailleurs de fonds de la recherche du monde entier. Confrontés à des problèmes épineux et à des vérités inconfortables, les chapitres contiennent des idées et des recommandations qui pointent vers de nouvelles solutions – à la fois pour le Sud Global et le Nord Global. 04 00 Avant-propos et remerciements 01 Introduction | Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Robert Tijssen, Matthew L. Wallace et Robert McLean Partie 1 Fondements théoriques et conceptuels 02 Redéfinir le concept d’excellence de la recherche dans une perspective de développement | Judith Sutz 03 La république des sciences rencontre les républiques d’ailleurs : Intégrer l’excellence scientifique en Afrique subsaharienne | Joanna Chataway et Chux Daniels 04 Réévaluer l’excellence en recherche : De l’excellentissime à l’évaluation responsable | Robert Tijssen 05 La diversité du genre et la transformation de l’excellence de la recherche | Erika Kraemer-Mbula 06 L’excellence en recherche est un programme néocolonial (et ce qui pourrait être fait à ce sujet) | Cameron Neylon Partie 2 L’excellence en recherche sur le plan pratique 07 L’utilité avant l’excellence : Faire de la recherche en Indonésie | Fajri Siregar 08 Soutenir la recherche en Côte d’Ivoire : Processus de sélection et d’evaluation des projets | Annette Ouattara et Yaya Sangaré 09 Soutenir l’excellence et la productivité de la recherche par le biais du financement des partenaires de développement : Le cas de l’université Makerere | Vincent A. Ssembatya 10 Les conceptions méridionales de l’excellence de la recherche | Suneeta Singh et Falak Raza 11 De la perception à l’objectivité : Comment la recherche de crédibilité des think tanks peut conduire à une évaluation plus rigoureuse de la qualité de la recherche | Enrique Mendizabal Partie 3 Solutions envisageables 12 Explorer l’évaluation de la recherche dans une perspective de développement durable | Diego Chavarro 13 Indicateurs pour l’évaluation de l’excellence dans les pays en développement | Rodolfo Barrere 14 Redéfinir la publication scientifique : Comment de nouveaux modèles peuvent faciliter la transparence, l’équité, l’efficacité et l’impact de la science | Liz Allen et Elizabeth Marincola 15 Qualité de la Recherche Plus : Une autre méthode est possible | Jean Lebel et Robert McLean 16 Appel à l’action : Transformer l’« excellence » pour le Sud Global et au-delà | Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Robert Tijssen, Matthew L. Wallace, Robert McLean, Liz Allen, Rodolfo Barrere, Joanna Chataway, Diego Chavarro, Chux Daniels, Jean Lebel, Elizabeth Marincola, Enrique Mendizabal, Cameron Neylon, Annette Ouattara, Falak Raza, Yaya Sangaré, Suneeta Singh, Fajri Siregar, Vincent A. Ssembatya et Judith Sutz À propos des auteurs 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20210609 13 15 9782954099477 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9782954099477.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/transformer-lexcellence-en-recherche/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c5e8ee0d-0bd8-4dda-8a7b-c400d6fc06c1 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c5e8ee0d-0bd8-4dda-8a7b-c400d6fc06c1 15 9781928502074 06 10.47622/9781928502067 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Transforming Research Excellence New Ideas from the Global South 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1779-2126 Erika Kraemer-Mbula 2 B01 21 0000-0001-5237-9583 Robert Tijssen 3 B01 21 0000-0001-5407-8653 Matthew Wallace 4 B01 21 0000-0001-8084-4817 Robert McLean 01 eng 00 288 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Modern-day science is under great pressure. A potent mix of increasing expectations, limited resources, tensions between competition and cooperation, and the need for evidence-based funding is creating major change in how science is conducted and perceived. Amidst this ‘perfect storm’ is the allure of ‘research excellence’, a concept that drives decisions made by universities and funders, and defines scientists’ research strategies and career trajectories. But what is ‘excellent’ science? And how to recognise it? After decades of inquiry and debate there is still no satisfactory answer. Are we asking the wrong question? Is reality more complex, and ‘excellence in science’ more elusive, than many are willing to admit? And how should excellence be defined in different parts of the world, particularly in lower-income countries of the ‘Global South’ where science is expected to contribute to pressing development issues, despite often scarce resources? Many wonder whether the Global South is importing, with or without consenting, the flawed tools for research evaluation from North America and Europe that are not fit for purpose. This book takes a critical view of these issues, touching on conceptual issues and practical problems that inevitably emerge when ‘excellence’ is at the center of science systems. Emerging from the capacity-building work of the Science Granting Councils Initiative in sub-Saharan Africa, it speaks to scholars, as well as to managers and funders of research around the world. Confronting sticky problems and uncomfortable truths, the chapters contain insights and recommendations that point towards new solutions – both for the Global South and the Global North. 04 00 Preface and acknowledgements 01 Introduction | Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Robert Tijssen, Matthew L. Wallace and Robert McLean Part 1 Theoretical and conceptual underpinnings 02 Redefining the concept of excellence in research with development in mind | Judith Sutz 03 The Republic of Science meets the Republics of Somewhere: Embedding scientific excellence in sub-Saharan Africa | Joanna Chataway and Chux Daniels 04 Re-valuing research excellence: From excellentism to responsible assessment | Robert Tijssen 05 Gender diversity and the transformation of research excellence | Erika Kraemer-Mbula 06 Research excellence is a neo-colonial agenda (and what might be done about it) | Cameron Neylon Part 2 Research excellence in practice 07 Utility over excellence: Doing research in Indonesia | Fajri Siregar 08 Supporting research in Côte d’Ivoire: Processes for selecting and evaluating projects | Annette Ouattara and Yaya Sangaré 09 Sustaining research excellence and productivity with funding from development partners: The case of Makerere University | Vincent A. Ssembatya 10 Southern conceptions of research excellence | Suneeta Singh and Falak Raza 11 From perception to objectivity: How think tanks’ search for credibility may lead to a more rigorous assessment of research quality | Enrique Mendizabal Part 3 Striving for solutions 12 Exploring research evaluation from a sustainable development perspective | Diego Chavarro 13 Indicators for the assessment of excellence in developing countries | Rodolfo Barrere 14 Rethinking scholarly publishing: How new models can facilitate transparency, equity, efficiency and the impact of science | Liz Allen and Elizabeth Marincola 15 Research Quality Plus: Another way is possible | Jean Lebel and Robert McLean 16 Call to action: Transforming ‘excellence’ for the Global South and beyond | Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Robert Tijssen, Matthew L. Wallace, Robert McLean, Liz Allen, Rodolfo Barrere, Joanna Chataway, Diego Chavarro, Chux Daniels, Jean Lebel, Elizabeth Marincola, Enrique Mendizabal, Cameron Neylon, Annette Ouattara, Falak Raza, Yaya Sangaré, Suneeta Singh, Fajri Siregar, Vincent A. Ssembatya and Judith Sutz About the authors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20200120 13 15 9781928502067 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/transforming-research-excellence-new-ideas-from-the-global-south/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/AMT-Research-Excellence-FINAL-WEB-02012020.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:6c84223f-b0fb-4c92-8bc3-966733af022c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:6c84223f-b0fb-4c92-8bc3-966733af022c 15 9781920677794 06 10.47622/9780621429152 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Twenty Years of Transformation in Gauteng 1994 to 2014 An Independent Review 1 B01 21 0000-0002-7992-9079 Felix Maringe 2 B01 Martin Prew 01 eng 00 289 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of acronyms List of tables and figures About the authors Acknowledgements Foreword Chapter 1 Introduction Martin Prew and Felix Maringe POLICY AND PLANNING Chapter 2 Gauteng Department of Education: A policy review Shireen Motala, Seán Morrow and Yusuf Sayed IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORKS AND SYSTEMS Chapter 3 Twenty years of curriculum development in Gauteng: Successes and challenges Felix Maringe Chapter 4 Structure and governance of systems, stakeholder engagement, roles and powers AD Padayachee, Anusha Naidu and Tom Waspe Chapter 5 Financing education in Gauteng: Using the budget to improve opportunities Raj Mestry Chapter 6 Resourcing public ordinary schools Gugu Nyanda Chapter 7 Human resource management systems Zakhele Mbokazi Chapter 8 Teacher knowledge and professional development Francine de Clercq and Yael Shalem IMPLEMENTATION PROCESSES Chapter 9 Professional development: The cases of Sci-Bono Discovery Centre and the Matthew Goniwe School of Leadership and Governance Tony Bush Chapter 10 Early childhood education: Levelling the playing fields in Gauteng Lorayne Excell Chapter 11 Working towards education for all in Gauteng Elizabeth Walton Chapter 12 Adult Education and Training in Gauteng 1994–2014: Dream, reality, possibility Edward French and Barbara Dale-Jones Chapter 13 A case of unfinished business: The transformation of Further Education and Training colleges in Gauteng Anthony Gewer and Makano Morojele Chapter 14 Change, access, quality and choice: The independent school sector in Gauteng 1994–2014 Jane Hofmeyr INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE SCHOOLS, THEIR MEASUREMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT Chapter 15 Educational outcomes in Gauteng 1995–2011 An overview of provincial performance in standardised assessments Nicholas Spaull Chapter 16 The carrot and the stick: School improvement through support and accountability Veerle Dieltiens and Brian Mandipaza 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20150517 13 15 9780621429152 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9780621429152.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/twenty-years-of-education-transformation-in-gauteng-1994-to-2014/ 99 01 urn:uuid:e41d6d68-c97f-4134-a74e-877d334a5aad 03 01 01 urn:uuid:e41d6d68-c97f-4134-a74e-877d334a5aad 15 9781928331988 06 10.47622/9781928331971 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Ubushakashatsi mu Bumenyi Nyamuntu n’Imibanire y’Abantu 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1047-8425 Evode Mukama 2 B01 Laurent Nkusi 01 kin 00 182 03 10 SOC024000 10 SOC008010 03 00 Research in developed countries is often considered as a means to pave the way towards sustainable development in different areas of the society including science and technology, the economy, governance and security. Researchers in developing countries rarely have the opportunity to use their indigenous languages to design, plan and conduct research. Nor do they communicate in their indigenous languages to share their insights and learnings from other parts of the world with colleagues or students. Utilising the languages that researchers, students and teachers, policymakers, the community, and others interested in research understand better can help to generate new knowledge embedded in local realities where sustainable development needs to take root. That is why this book is in Kinyarwanda. The authors hope that writing this book in Kinyarwanda will increase research capacity in the humanities and social sciences in Rwanda and in the region. And that it will increase interaction between all key stakeholders in the planning and conducting of research as well as in analysing, monitoring and evaluating the research process and its outputs. 04 00 Abanditsi UMUTWE 1 Iriburiro: Imizi y’ubushakashatsi Evode Mukama na Laurent Nkusi IGICE I Ireme ry’Ubushakashatsi UMUTWE 2 Ubushakashatsi, ururimi n’uburezi Evarisiti Ntakirutimana, Evode Mukama na Epimake Niyibizi UMUTWE 3 Ubuvanganzo, umuco n’ubushakashatsi Jean-Chrysostome Nkejabahizi UMUTWE 4 Amahame ngengamyitwarire mu bushakashatsi Pierre Canisius Ruterana IGICE II Uko Bakora Ubushakashatsi UMUTWE 5 Gusesengura ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere Evode Mukama na Laurent Nkusi UMUTWE 6 Gutoranya itsinda nkeshwamakuru Evode Mukama, Anne Marie Kagwesage, Dieudonne Uwizeye na Jean Baptiste Ndikubwimana UMUTWE 7 Iyoboramikorere: Ikusanyamakuru n’isesenguramakuru Télesphore Ngarambe, Charline Mulindahabi na Evode Mukama UMUTWE 8 Isuzuma n’isesengura ry’amakuru nyamubaro ukoresheje ibarurishamibare Evode Mukama, Pierre Claver Rutayisire na Sylvestre Nzahabwanayo UMUTWE 9 Uko bandika ibyagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi, isobanura bwite n’imyanzuro Evode Mukama, Joseph Rusanganwa, Marie Chantal Uwimana na Oliva Bazirete Amuga Yakoreshejwe 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20191018 13 15 9781928331971 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331971.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/ubushakashatsi-mu-bumenyi-nyamuntu-nimibanire-yabantu/ 99 01 urn:uuid:8772534b-80cf-4b50-b65b-3d3f457050c9 03 01 01 urn:uuid:8772534b-80cf-4b50-b65b-3d3f457050c9 15 9781928502319 06 10.47622/9781928502302 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 (u)Mzantsi Classics Dialogues in Decolonisation from Southern Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-2254-694X Samantha Masters 2 B01 Imkhita Nzungu 3 B01 Grant Parker 01 eng 00 274 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 How does (u)Mzantsi classics (of southern Africa) look in an era of profound change, whether violent or otherwise? What are its future prospects? Contributors focus on pedagogies, historical consciousness, the creative arts and popular culture.The volume, in its overall shape, responds to the idea of dialogue – in both the Greek form associated with Plato’s rendition of Socrates’ wisdom and in the African concept of ubuntu. Here are dialogues between scholars, both emerging and established, as well as students – some of whom were directly impacted by the Fallist protests.Rather than offering an apologia for classics, these dialogues engage with pressing questions of relevance, identity, change, the canon, and the dynamics of decolonisation and potential recolonisation. The goal is to interrogate classics – the ways it has been taught, studied, perceived, transformed and even lived – from many points of view. 04 00 1. Nothing about us? Reflections on classics in southern Africa – Samantha Masters, Imkhitha Nzungu, Grant Parker First dialogue: On baggage 2. Classical imagery and policing the African body – Ian Glenn 3. Classics and colonial administration in Southern Rhodesia – Obert Mlambo and John Douglas McClymont Second dialogue: On intersecting identities 4. Classics for the third millennium: African options after The Fall – Jo-Marie Claassen Third dialogue: On classics and the canon 5. The liberatory potential of Latin studies: Stellenbosch University’s Latin Project – Reshard Kolabhai and Shani Viljoen 6. Responses to crisis: Cicero in Zimbabwe – Madhlozi Moyo 7. Rethinking the commemorative landscape in South Africa after The Fall: A pedagogical case study – Samantha Masters Fourth dialogue: From reception to re-imagination 8. African port cities and the classics – Carla Bocchetti 9. Wilder than Polyphemus’: Towards a tragic poetics of the post-colonial consumption of symbols – David van Schoor 10. Conclusion: Ovid in the time of statues – Grant Parker 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20221010 13 15 9781928502302 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/umzantsi_classics/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502302.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:35b8d5fe-9675-4b92-9f66-650c537dc32c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:35b8d5fe-9675-4b92-9f66-650c537dc32c 15 9781928502227 06 10.47622/9781928502210 00 EB E107 10 01 01 Understanding Higher Education Alternative Perspectives 1 A01 21 0000-0003-4240-5439 Chrissie Boughey 2 A01 21 0000-0002-1202-5999 Sioux McKenna 01 eng 00 181 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Chapter One: Taking stock Chapter Two: Making sense of experiences and observations Chapter Three: Dominant discourses, policy challenges Chapter Four: Denying context, misunderstanding students Chapter Five: Reconceptualising curriculum, structuring access Chapter Six: Resisting and complying: Academics responding to change Chapter Seven: Evaluating change, looking forward A Covid Postscript References African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 08 01 20210730 13 20240814 13 15 9781928502210 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502210.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/understanding-higher-education/ 99 01 urn:uuid:d57fa3c7-9b76-4d14-ae90-5720f5389c64 03 01 01 urn:uuid:d57fa3c7-9b76-4d14-ae90-5720f5389c64 15 9781920355739 06 10.47622/9781920355807 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Universities and Economic Development in Africa 1 A01 Nico Cloete 2 A01 21 0000-0002-2984-814X Tracy Bailey 3 A01 21 0000-0002-3337-8152 Pundy Pillay 4 A01 Ian Bunting 5 A01 21 0000-0003-4275-0865 Peter Maassen 01 eng 00 188 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Universities and economic development in Africa: Pact, academic core and coordination draws together evidence and synthesises the findings from eight African case studies. The three key findings presented in this report are as follows: 1. There is a lack of clarity and agreement (pact) about a development model and the role of higher education in development, at both national and institutional levels. There is, however, an increasing awareness, particularly at government level, of the importance of universities in the global context of the knowledge economy. 2. Research production at the eight African universities is not strong enough to enable them to build on their traditional undergraduate teaching roles and make a sustained contribution to development via new knowledge production. A number of universities have manageable student-staff ratios and adequately qualifi ed staff, but inadequate funds for staff to engage in research. In addition, the incentive regimes do not support knowledge production. 3. In none of the countries in the sample is there a coordinated effort between government, external stakeholders and the university to systematically strengthen the contribution that the university can make to development. While at each of the universities there are exemplary development projects that connect strongly to external stakeholders and strengthen the academic core, the challenge is how to increase the number of these projects. The project on which this report is based forms part of a larger study on Higher Education and Economic Development in Africa, undertaken by the Higher Education Research and Advocacy Network in Africa (HERANA). HERANA is coordinated by the Centre for Higher Education Transformation in South Africa. 04 00 Tables, figures and boxes Acknowledgements Project group Acronyms and abbreviations PART 1: Introduction 1.1 The relationship between higher education and development 1.2 The focus of prior research 1.3 Project focus and methodology 1.4 Analytical starting points for the study 1.5 The structure of this book PART 2: Synthesis of the key findings 2 Universities and economic development: Evidence of a pact? 2.1 The role of knowledge and universities in development 3 The academic core of eight African universities 3.1 Methodology 3.2 The academic core data 3.3 The strength of and changes in the academic core 3.4 Disjunctures between capacity and productivity 4 Coordination and connectedness 4.1 Coordination and implementation of knowledge policies 4.2 University connectedness to external stakeholders 4.3 The connectedness of development activities to the academic core PART 3: Key findings from the eight African case studies 5 Botswana/University of Botswana 6 Ghana/University of Ghana 7 Kenya/University of Nairobi 8 Mauritius/University of Mauritius 100 9 Mozambique/Eduardo Mondlane University 10 South Africa/Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University 11 Tanzania/University of Dar es Salaam 12 Uganda/Makerere University PART 4: Conclusions and implications Pact needed on ‘engine for development’ role for universities Strengthening the academic core – incentives are key Coordination and connectedness to development List of sources Appendix A: A higher education and development profile of the countries Appendix B: List of interviewees Appendix C: Indicators of pact, coordination and implementation Appendix D: Problems in collecting academic core data Appendix E: Academic core indicators and ratings Appendix F: Academic core rating descriptions 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20110411 13 15 9781920355739 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/universities-and-economic-development-in-africa-key-findings/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/1340715376682271798.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:46c34fc7-f528-44e3-a7ec-67590c6c86de 03 01 01 urn:uuid:46c34fc7-f528-44e3-a7ec-67590c6c86de 15 9781928502654 06 10.47622/9781928502647 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Who Counts? Ghanaian Academic Publishing and Global Science 1 A01 21 0000-0002-5589-6997 David Mills 2 A01 21 0000-0001-5420-2183 Patricia Kingori 3 A01 21 0000-0002-4353-928X Abigail Branford 4 A01 21 0000-0001-9998-748X Samuel Chatio 5 A01 Natasha Robinson 6 A01 21 0000-0002-9171-2083 Paulina Tindana 01 eng 00 227 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 1 Introduction: ‘You don’t want to perish’ 1 2 The rise, fall and future of African academic publishing 20 3 Why publish? Surviving in the Ghanaian university system 38 4 In search of the ‘international’ journal 60 5 Learning how to publish: Mentorship, supervision and co-authorship 88 6 Scarcity and Ghanaian research culture 106 7 What does the editor think? Perspectives from Ghanaian academic journals 130 8 Independent academic publishing in anglophone Africa 150 9 Ghana’s research cultures and the global bibliometric economy 176 10 Conclusion: Beyond bibliometric coloniality? 197 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20230125 13 15 9781928502647 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/who-counts/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502647.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:64c8d54f-dfca-457e-a526-b0ccb88b79d2 03 01 01 urn:uuid:64c8d54f-dfca-457e-a526-b0ccb88b79d2 15 9781928331629 06 10.47622/9781928331629 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Wildland Fire Management Handbook for Sub-Sahara Africa 1 B01 Johann G. Goldammer 2 B01 Cornelis de Ronde 01 eng 00 103 03 10 NAT011000 04 00 PREFACE: Sub-Sahara Africa – A fire Subcontinent 1. INTRODUCTION Stephen J. Pyne, Johann G. Goldammer, Cornelis de Ronde, Coert J. Geldenhuys, William J. Bond and Winston S.W. Trollope 2. FIRE ECOLOGY: CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME IMPORTANT BIOMES OF SUB-SAHARA AFRICA William J. Bond, Coert J. Geldenhuys, Theresa M. Everson, Colin S. Everson and Michel C. Calvin 3. FIRE BEHAVIOUR Winston S.W. Trollope, Cornelis de Ronde and Coert J. Geldenhuys 4. FIRE EFFECTS ON FLORA AND FAUNA Cornelis de Ronde, Winston S.W. Trollope, C.L. Parr, Bruce Brockett and Coert J. Geldenhuys 5. FIRE EFFECTS ON THE MAINTENANCE OF BIODIVERSITY, SOIL AND NUTRIENTS Coert J. Geldenhuys, Brian W. van Wilgen, William J. Bond, Claudius A.D.M. van de Vijver and Cornelis de Ronde 6. REGIONAL FIRE MANAGEMENT: OBJECTIVES, PRACTICES AND PRESCRIBED BURNING APPLICATION Theresa M. Everson, Colin S. Everson, Cornelis de Ronde and Winston S.W. Trollope 7. FIRE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS AND INDUSTRIAL FORESTRY PLANTATIONS Cornelis de Ronde, Theresa M. Everson and Colin S. Everson 8. REMOTE SENSING OF VEGETATION FIRES AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO A FIRE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM Stéphane P. Flasse, Simon N. Trigg, Pietro N. Ceccato, Anita H. Perryman, Andrew T. Hudak, Mark W. Thompson, Bruce H. Brockett, Moussa. Dramé, Tim Ntabeni, Philip E. Frost, Tobias, Landmann and Johan L. le Roux 9. FIRE PROTECTION PLANNING, REGIONAL INTEGRATION AND FIRE DANGER RATING Michael F. Calvin, Jan H.R. van der Sijde,Cornelis de Ronde, Martin D. Engelbrecht, Theresa M. Everson and Colin S. Everson 10. FIRE DETECTION AND CONTROL Michael C. Calvin and Jan H.R. van der Sijde 11. VELD AND FOREST FIRE EQUIPMENT Deon Brits and Johan Heine 12. APPLICATION OF PRESCRIBED BURNING Cornelis de Ronde, Winston S.W. Trollope, Art B. Bailey, Bruce H. Brockett, Theresa M. Everson and Colin S. Everson 13. WILDFIRE SUPPRESSION Michael F. Calvin 14. WILDFIRE INVESTIGATION, FIRE INSURANCE, ECONOMICS AND TRAINING Cornelis de Ronde, Johan H.L. Joubert, Colin Shewring ACII, Alexander C. Held and Johann G. Goldammer 15. FIRE HISTORY, FIRE REGIMES AND FIRE MANAGEMENT IN WEST AFRICA: AN OVERVIEW D. Andrew Wardell,Thomas Theis Nielsen, Kjeld Rasmussen and Cheikh Mbow ANNEX I ANNEX II Glossary Contributing Authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781928331629 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Wildland%20Fire%20Management%20Handbook%20for%20Sub-Sahara%20Africa.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/wildland-fire-management-handbook-for-sub-sahara-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:9224ab2b-f7ba-4956-b5a8-b389319b513b 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9224ab2b-f7ba-4956-b5a8-b389319b513b 15 9781920677534 06 10.47622/9781920677534 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Comprehensive Review of Methods for the Channel Allocation Problem 1 A01 21 0000-0001-9627-1128 Jayrani Cheenebash 2 A01 Harry Coomar Shumsher Rughooputh 01 eng 00 77 03 10 SCI040000 04 00 List of tables List of figures Abbreviations Preface Part I: The channel allocation problem 1 Introduction 2 The channel allocation problem 3 Mathematical formulation of the CAP Part II: Methods used to solve channel allocation problem 4 Graph theory 5 Neural networks 6 Heuristics 7 Evolutionary methods 8 Q-learning and other algorithms 9 The channel allocation problem from a multi-objective view 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20141215 13 15 9781920677534 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-comprehensive-review-of-methods-for-the-channel-allocation-problem/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/9781920677534_text-2.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:672f6d6c-51dd-4a40-8dc9-738f6371be91 03 01 01 urn:uuid:672f6d6c-51dd-4a40-8dc9-738f6371be91 15 9781920051624 06 10.47622/9781920051624 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 1 The Root - Foundation 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 205 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 There is as yet no comprehensive, learner-centred book that fosters African indigenous knowledge perspectives and rationalisation about the musical arts. The concern over the years has been for the production of research-informed books for modern, systematic education in African musical arts that derive in essence from the original African intellectual perspectives about the sense and meaning of music – indigenous to contemporary.The five volumes of the musical arts study series derive from 36 years of research and analytical studies in African musical arts. The volumes address the pressing need for learning texts informed by the indigenous African musical arts systems that target tertiary education. The texts incorporate knowledge of conventional European classical music as they relate to the unique features of African musical arts thinking and theoretical content. The contemporary African musical arts specialist needs secure grounding in his/her own human-cultural knowledge authority in order to contribute with original intellectual integrity to African as well as global scholarship discourse and knowledge creation. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051624 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%201.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-1/ 99 01 urn:uuid:1651a36a-1708-443d-bc6c-ce8a33ab6134 03 01 01 urn:uuid:1651a36a-1708-443d-bc6c-ce8a33ab6134 15 9781920051631 06 10.47622/97819200051631 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 2 The Stem: Growth 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 171 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 There is as yet no comprehensive, learner-centred book that fosters African indigenous knowledge perspectives and rationalisation about the musical arts. The concern over the years has been for the production of research-informed books for modern, systematic education in African musical arts that derive in essence from the original African intellectual perspectives about the sense and meaning of music – indigenous to contemporary.The five volumes of the musical arts study series derive from 36 years of research and analytical studies in African musical arts. The volumes address the pressing need for learning texts informed by the indigenous African musical arts systems that target tertiary education. The texts incorporate knowledge of conventional European classical music as they relate to the unique features of African musical arts thinking and theoretical content. The contemporary African musical arts specialist needs secure grounding in his/her own human-cultural knowledge authority in order to contribute with original intellectual integrity to African as well as global scholarship discourse and knowledge creation. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051631 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%202.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-2/ 99 01 urn:uuid:5aa07513-9e2d-4313-be12-3888921e9d55 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5aa07513-9e2d-4313-be12-3888921e9d55 15 9781920051648 06 10.47622/97819200051648 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 3 The Foliage: Consideration 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 204 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 There is as yet no comprehensive, learner-centred book that fosters African indigenous knowledge perspectives and rationalisation about the musical arts. The concern over the years has been for the production of research-informed books for modern, systematic education in African musical arts that derive in essence from the original African intellectual perspectives about the sense and meaning of music – indigenous to contemporary.The five volumes of the musical arts study series derive from 36 years of research and analytical studies in African musical arts. The volumes address the pressing need for learning texts informed by the indigenous African musical arts systems that target tertiary education. The texts incorporate knowledge of conventional European classical music as they relate to the unique features of African musical arts thinking and theoretical content. The contemporary African musical arts specialist needs secure grounding in his/her own human-cultural knowledge authority in order to contribute with original intellectual integrity to African as well as global scholarship discourse and knowledge creation. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051648 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-3/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%203.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:192bb033-c8c6-4c28-a220-fdf2c9aff4ea 03 01 01 urn:uuid:192bb033-c8c6-4c28-a220-fdf2c9aff4ea 15 9781920051655 06 10.47622/97819200051655 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 4 Illuminations, Reflections and Explorations 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 289 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 There is as yet no comprehensive, learner-centred book that fosters African indigenous knowledge perspectives and rationalisation about the musical arts. The concern over the years has been for the production of research-informed books for modern, systematic education in African musical arts that derive in essence from the original African intellectual perspectives about the sense and meaning of music – indigenous to contemporary.The five volumes of the musical arts study series derive from 36 years of research and analytical studies in African musical arts. The volumes address the pressing need for learning texts informed by the indigenous African musical arts systems that target tertiary education. The texts incorporate knowledge of conventional European classical music as they relate to the unique features of African musical arts thinking and theoretical content. The contemporary African musical arts specialist needs secure grounding in his/her own human-cultural knowledge authority in order to contribute with original intellectual integrity to African as well as global scholarship discourse and knowledge creation. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051655 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%204.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-4/ 99 01 urn:uuid:50fb08dc-d340-4722-b584-e25e18fc0aee 03 01 01 urn:uuid:50fb08dc-d340-4722-b584-e25e18fc0aee 15 9781920051662 06 10.47622/9781920051662 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts: Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 5 Book 1 Concert Drum Solos and Drummistic Piano Solos 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 56 03 10 MUS014000 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051662 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%205%20book%201.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-5-book-1/ 99 01 urn:uuid:19c09e79-cee7-43b7-a9ee-275a0c1c61d6 03 01 01 urn:uuid:19c09e79-cee7-43b7-a9ee-275a0c1c61d6 15 9781920051679 06 10.47622/9781920051679 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts: Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 5 Book 2 Concert Duos (Drum and Voice/Woodwind/Horns) 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 160 03 10 MUS014000 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051679 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%205%20book%202.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-5-book-2/ 99 01 urn:uuid:7008d7d9-4ba3-41d6-aa9f-b32a07a3fdf3 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7008d7d9-4ba3-41d6-aa9f-b32a07a3fdf3 15 9781920051686 06 10.47622/9781920051686 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts: Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Volume 5 Book 3 Intercultural Concert Ensembles 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 01 eng 00 326 03 10 MUS014000 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920051686 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Contemporary%20Study%20of%20Musical%20Arts%20-%20Vol%205%20book%203.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/a-contemporary-study-of-musical-arts-informed-by-african-indigenous-knowledge-systems-volume-5-book-3/ 99 01 urn:uuid:7fe36433-b2b9-4f02-832d-a32932484941 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7fe36433-b2b9-4f02-832d-a32932484941 15 9781552505991 06 10.47622/9781928331483 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Adoption and Impact of OER in the Global South 1 B01 21 0000-0003-2794-8638 Cheryl Ann Hodgkinson-Williams 2 B01 21 0000-0003-4452-9283 Patricia Arinto 01 eng 00 592 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Acknowledgements About the editors Foreword by Tel Amiel, UNESCO Chair in Open Education Foreword by Matthew Smith, IDRC Section 1: Overview Chapter 1 Research on Open Educational Resources for Development in the Global South: Project landscape Chapter 2 Factors influencing Open Educational Practices and OER in the Global South: Meta-synthesis of the ROER4D project Chapter 3 OER use in the Global South: A baseline survey of higher education instructors Section 2: South America Chapter 4 Open Access and OER in Latin America: A survey of the policy landscape in Chile, Colombia and Uruguay Chapter 5 Co-creation of OER by teachers and teacher educators in Colombia Chapter 6 Effectiveness of OER use in first-year higher education students’ mathematical course performance: A case study Section 3: Sub-Saharan Africa Chapter 7 Tracking the money for Open Educational Resources in South African basic education: What we don’t know Chapter 8 Teacher educators and OER in East Africa: Interrogating pedagogic change Chapter 9 Factors shaping lecturers’ adoption of OER at three South African universities Chapter 10 OER in and as MOOCs Section 4: South and Southeast Asia Chapter 11 Cultural–historical factors influencing OER adoption in Mongolia’s higher education sector Chapter 12 Higher education faculty attitude, motivation and perception of quality and barriers towards OER in India Chapter 13 Impact of integrating OER in teacher education at the Open University of Sri Lanka Chapter 14 Teacher professional learning communities: A collaborative OER adoption approach in Karnataka, India Chapter 15 An early stage impact study of localised OER in Afghanistan Section 5: Conclusion and Recommendations Chapter 16 OER and OEP in the Global South: Implications and recommendations for social inclusion 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20171212 13 15 9781928331483 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331483.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/adoption-and-impact-of-oer-in-the-global-south/ 99 01 urn:uuid:e3464dc3-c318-4170-9875-aef126ff49ab 03 01 01 urn:uuid:e3464dc3-c318-4170-9875-aef126ff49ab 15 9781920355005 06 10.47622/9781920355005 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 African Classical Ensemble Music Book 1 Agiri Music (Foundation) 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 2 A01 Odyke Nzewi 01 eng 00 87 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 The three books that comprise the series discuss aspects of the compositional theory and creative philosophy that characterize African indigenous musical arts, and can be introduced at any level of education. They are intended to facilitate purposeful work/shopping activities, and also provide for modern concert performances that are faithful advancements of African indigenous knowledge systems.The books contain written compositions that cater for theoretical studies and concert performances. The introductory information input is the same in the first part of the three books. This is because a common philosophy and common theoretical principles underpin the creative frameworks, compositional grammar and functional concept of the musical arts irrespective of the level of expertise. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355005 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/african-classical-ensemble-music-book-1/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/African%20Classical%20Ensemble%20Music%20Book%201.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:a4386ac3-07a6-4480-aa78-16359233b796 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a4386ac3-07a6-4480-aa78-16359233b796 15 9781920355012 06 10.47622/9781920355012 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 African Classical Ensemble Music Book 2 Uso Music (Intermediate) 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 2 A01 Odyke Nzewi 01 eng 00 138 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 The three books that comprise the series discuss aspects of the compositional theory and creative philosophy that characterize African indigenous musical arts, and can be introduced at any level of education. They are intended to facilitate purposeful work/shopping activities, and also provide for modern concert performances that are faithful advancements of African indigenous knowledge systems.The books contain written compositions that cater for theoretical studies and concert performances. The introductory information input is the same in the first part of the three books. This is because a common philosophy and common theoretical principles underpin the creative frameworks, compositional grammar and functional concept of the musical arts irrespective of the level of expertise. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920355012 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/African%20Classical%20Ensemble%20Music%20Book%202.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/african-classical-ensemble-music-book-2/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c8dd0f2f-60c7-415c-a2a0-945fcf05c2a0 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c8dd0f2f-60c7-415c-a2a0-945fcf05c2a0 15 9781920355029 06 10.47622/9781920355029 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 African Classical Ensemble Music Book 3 Ike Music (Advanced) 1 A01 Meki Nzewi 2 A01 Odyke Nzewi 01 eng 00 138 03 10 MUS023020 10 MUS041000 03 00 The three books that comprise the series discuss aspects of the compositional theory and creative philosophy that characterize African indigenous musical arts, and can be introduced at any level of education. They are intended to facilitate purposeful work/shopping activities, and also provide for modern concert performances that are faithful advancements of African indigenous knowledge systems.The books contain written compositions that cater for theoretical studies and concert performances. The introductory information input is the same in the first part of the three books. This is because a common philosophy and common theoretical principles underpin the creative frameworks, compositional grammar and functional concept of the musical arts irrespective of the level of expertise. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120322 13 15 9781920355029 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/African%20Classical%20Ensemble%20Music%20Book%203.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/african-classical-ensemble-music-book-3/ 99 01 urn:uuid:fcf9713e-796e-4df9-bb6f-51e3e3f6c624 03 01 01 urn:uuid:fcf9713e-796e-4df9-bb6f-51e3e3f6c624 15 9781928331797 06 10.47622/9781928331780 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 African Markets and the Utu-buntu Business Model A Perspective in Economic Informality in Nairobi 1 A01 Mary Njeri Kinyanjui 01 eng 00 185 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Using the utu-ubuntu model to understand the activities of traders and artisans in Nairobi’s markets, this book explores how, despite being consistently excluded and disadvantaged, they shape urban spaces in and around the city, and contribute to its development as a whole. With immense resilience, and without discarding their own socio-cultural or economic values, informal traders and artisans have created a territorial complex that can be described as the African metropolis.African Markets and the Utu-buntu Business Model sheds light on the ethics and values that underpin the work of traders and artisans in Nairobi, as well as their resilience and positive impact on urbanisation. This book makes an important contribution to the discourse on urban economics and planning in African cities. 04 00 List of plates Acknowledgements Preface 1 Introduction PART ONE: TRADERS, ARTISANS AND URBAN PLANNING 2 Traders and artisans in global economic thinking 3 Urban planning and economic informality in Nairobi 4 Urban theory and the ‘African metropolis’ PART TWO: THE MAKING OF AN AFRICAN CITY 5 The indigenisation of Nairobi 6 The ‘African metropolis’ in Nairobi PART THREE: UTU-UBUNTU ENHANCING URBAN RESILIENCE 7 The utu-ubuntu business model 8 Utu-ubuntu nests, bonds and associations 9 Towards the formation of autonomous communities 10 Cultural villages Notes References About the author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20190301 13 15 9781928331780 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331780.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/african-markets-and-the-utu-buntu-business-model-a-perspective-in-economic-informality-in-nairobi/ 99 01 urn:uuid:2d2808e1-5645-4ac4-8095-7bde854ab5b6 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2d2808e1-5645-4ac4-8095-7bde854ab5b6 15 9781928502807 06 10.47622/9781928502791 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 African Science Granting Councils Towards Sustainable Development in Africa 1 A01 Teboho Moja 2 A01 21 0000-0003-1221-6143 Samuel Okunade 01 eng 00 120 03 10 SCI000000 10 POL045000 10 SOC042000 03 00 This book delves into the research-policy nexus as it relates to development in Africa. It does so by examining four country-cases – Botswana, Cote d’Ivoire, Kenya and Zambia – while referring to South Africa as a possible exemplar case.The book reaffirms that the majority of governments in Africa spend less than one per cent of their GDP on research and development (R&D) despite the commitment to raise their research funding levels contained in the Lagos Plan of Action (1980). Hence, reliance on external funding for research persists on the continent.To manage research engagements and public funds, Science Granting Councils (SGCs) have been established. These institutions are held account- able for how public funds are spent and how the research they fund contributes to the advancement of society.To-date, the SGCs and researchers have demonstrated in various ways how funded research contributes to the advancement of society. However, there appear to be differences in opinion amongst key stakeholders in terms of what constitutes research priorities as well as expectations in terms of the returns on research investments made.This book brings to the fore the importance of research and its outcome on societal development, and reveals the stake that African governments hold in the process. The book encourages African governments to show greater commitment to providing funding for research on the continent. This is critical if governments are to assume a lead role in the continent’s development agenda. It would also set the stage for partnerships with other stakeholders, including industry and funding organisations. Researchers are also encouraged to work closely with the SGCs to ensure the valorisation of research products for societal benefit. This has a potential to unlock more funding for research in Africa which, in turn, would drive the development of the continent. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20231001 13 15 9781928502791 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502791.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/african_sgcs/ 99 01 urn:uuid:9b145225-16a8-405d-a56d-fc04be17cc7e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9b145225-16a8-405d-a56d-fc04be17cc7e 15 9781920299170 06 10.47622/9781920299170 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 An Audit of Police Oversight in Africa 01 eng 00 119 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 APCOF is a network of African policing practitioners drawn from state and non-state institutions. It is active in promoting police reform through civilian oversight over policing. It believes that the broad values behind establishment of civilian oversight is to assist in restoring public confidence; develop a culture of human rights, integrity and transparency within the police; and promote good working relationship between the police and the community. It achieves its goal through raising awareness, sharing information on police oversight and providing technical assistance to civil, society, police, and new and emerging oversight bodies in Africa. 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120319 13 15 9781920299170 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/An%20Audit%20of%20Police%20Oversight%20in%20Africa.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/an-audit-of-police-oversight-in-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:eaf2fcc6-e203-41b7-ac98-5c68a987765a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:eaf2fcc6-e203-41b7-ac98-5c68a987765a 15 9781928331766 06 10.47622/9781928331759 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Anchored in Place Rethinking the University and Development in South Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-8506-7401 Leslie Bank 2 B01 Nico Cloete 3 B01 21 0000-0002-1048-0429 Francois van Schalkwyk 01 eng 00 241 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Given the developmental crisis in the country, universities could be expected to play a more constructive and meaningful role in the development of their own precincts, cities and regions. But what should that role be? Is there evidence that this is already occurring in South Africa, despite the lack of a national policy framework? What plans and programmes are in place, and what is needed to expand the development agency of universities at the local level? Who and what might be involved? Where should the focus lie, and who might benefit most, and why? Is there a need perhaps to approach the challenges of college towns, secondary cities and metropolitan centers differently?This book poses some of these questions as it considers the experiences of a number of South African universities, including Wits, Pretoria, Nelson Mandela University and especially Fort Hare as one of its post-centenary challenges. 04 00 1 Approaches to the university, place and development - Leslie Bank 2 Universities as urban anchor institutions and the social contract in the developed world - David Perry & Villamizar-Duarte 3 Linking knowledge innovation and development in South Africa: National policy and regional variances - Samuel Fongwa 4 The engaged university and the specificity of place: The case of Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University - François van Schalkwyk & George de Lange 5 Challenges of university–city relationships: Reflections from Wits University and Johannesburg - Alan Mabin 6 Integrating the edges: University of Pretoria’s neighbourhood anchor strategy - Denver Hendricks & Jaime Flaherty 7 Developing an innovation ecosystem through a university coordinated innovation platform: The University of Fort Hare - Sara Grobbelaar 8 Fort Hare in post-apartheid South Africa - Nico Cloete & Ian Bunting 9 University–community engagement as place-making? A case of the University of Fort Hare and Alice - Jayshree Thakrar 10 Innovation or anchor strategy? City–campus inner city regeneration in East London-Buffalo City - Leslie Bank & Francis Sibanda 11 The politics and pathology of place: Student protests, occupy urbanism and the right to the city in East London - Leslie Bank & Mark Paterson 12 Anti-urbanism and nostalgia for a College Town - Leslie Bank 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20181026 13 15 9781928331759 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/anchored-in-place-rethinking-universities-and-development-in-south-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331759.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:225198da-3ace-498a-9bad-38f2075065d1 03 01 01 urn:uuid:225198da-3ace-498a-9bad-38f2075065d1 15 9781920299286 06 10.47622/9781920299286 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Beyond Memory Recording the History, Moments and Memories of South African Music 1 A01 Sello Galane 01 eng 00 360 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 Beyond Memory: Recording the History, Moments and Memories of South African Music is an invaluable publication because it offers a first-hand account of the South African music scene of the past decades from the pen of a man, Max Thamagana Mojapelo, who was situated in the very thick of things, thanks to his job as a DJ at the South African Broadcasting Corporation. This book – astonishing for the breadth of its coverage – is based on his diaries, on interviews he conducted and on numerous other sources, and we find in it not only the well-known names of recent South African music but a countless host of others whose contribution must be recorded if we and future generations are to gain an accurate picture of South African music history of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. 04 00 Acknowledgements Acronyms & Abbreviations Editor’s Note Preface Introduction 1. Soweto Soul Music 2. Alex Soul Menu and Beyond 3. Quick Quick 4. The Cape Connection 5. Into the Vibrant 80s 6. Ladies of Song 7. In Twos and Threes 8. When Two Cultures Kiss 9. The Era of The Steam Train 10. Ska Flowers 11. New School 12. Fine Male Voices 13. Contemporary African Music 14. Joy or Jazz 15. Exile Blues 16. Trading in Tradition 17 Voice Power 18. Welcome Madiba 19. Praising and Praying Bibliography Internet Resources Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920299286 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Beyond-Memory.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/beyond-memory/ 99 01 urn:uuid:2998b7a4-4bbc-456a-9d51-7b71d807c891 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2998b7a4-4bbc-456a-9d51-7b71d807c891 15 9781928331025 06 10.47622/9781928331018 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Boundaries of the Educational Imagination 1 A01 21 0000-0002-1464-3977 Wayne Hugo 01 eng 00 176 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Each question goes on a journey towards limit points in education so that educational processes can be placed within a bigger framework that allows new possibilities, fresh options and more critical engagement. These questions are then pulled together into a structuring framework enabling the reader to grasp how this complex subject works. 04 00 Introduction 1 All the schools of the world 2 Unpacking classrooms 3 How the ‘brain’ learns 4 Charting the space between demons and angels 5 History of the world in a child 6 From one-world classroom to one learning sequence 7 Conclusion: exercising the educational imagination References Endnotes 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20151016 13 15 9781928331018 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331018.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/boundaries-of-the-educational-imagination/ 99 01 urn:uuid:23ec8f04-169e-4f00-aa78-98ce9ebbc006 03 01 01 urn:uuid:23ec8f04-169e-4f00-aa78-98ce9ebbc006 15 9781928331513 06 10.47622/9781928331506 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Cape Town Harmonies Memory, Humour and Resilience 1 A01 Armelle Gaulier 2 A01 Denis-Constant Martin 01 eng 00 333 03 10 MUS014000 03 00 "Cape Town's public cultures can only be fully appreciated through recognition of its deep and diverse soundscape. We have to listen to what has made and makes a city. The ear is an integral part of the 'research tools' one needs to get a sense of any city. We have to listen to the sounds that made and make the expansive 'mother city'. Various of its constituent parts sound different from each other… There is the sound of the singing men and their choirs ("teams" they are called) in preparation for the longstanding annual Malay choral competitions. The lyrics from the various repertoires they perform are hardly ever written down. There are texts of the hallowed ‘Dutch songs’ but these do not circulate easily and widely. Researchers dream of finding lyrics from decades ago, not to mention a few generations ago - back to the early 19th century. This work by Denis Constant Martin and Armelle Gaulier provides us with a very useful selection of these songs. More than that, it is a critical sociological reflection of the place of these songs and their performers in the context that have given rise to them and sustains their relevance. It is a necessary work and is a very important scholarly intervention about a rather neglected aspect of the history and present production of music in the city."- Shamil Jeppie, Associate Professor in the Department of Historical Studies at the University of Cape Town 04 00 Acknowledgements Foreword Prologue INTRODUCTION Part One: Memory and Processes of Musical Appropriation CHAPTER 1 Music behind the music: Appropriation as the engine of creation CHAPTER 2 In the footsteps of the future: Musical memory and reconciliation in South Africa Part Two: Nederlandsliedjies and Notions of Blending CHAPTER 3 The nederlandsliedjies’ “uniqueness” CHAPTER 4 The meanings of blending Part Three Moppies: Humour and Survival CHAPTER 5 Assembling comic songs CHAPTER 6 Behind the comic CONCLUSION Appendix 1 - Nederlandsliedjies lyrics Appendix 2 - Cape Malay Choir Board adjudication reports Appendix 3 - Moppie lyrics References Interviews with musicians, judges and experts 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20161003 13 15 9781928331506 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331506.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/cape-town-harmonies/ 99 01 urn:uuid:927ae3c9-ad6c-42c2-a0a7-680b9e9b6853 03 01 01 urn:uuid:927ae3c9-ad6c-42c2-a0a7-680b9e9b6853 15 9781920299309 06 10.47622/9781920299309 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Career Choice The Voices of Music Students 1 B01 Taryn Arnott Taryn Arnott 2 B01 Louise Saunders Louise Saunders 01 eng 00 135 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 “The study provides frank knowledge reflecting the pursuit of academic careers given by music students themselves, and gives a clear inside perspective informing readers of particular aspects influencing academic preference. As students operating within the realms of an academic institution, and with the tools of personal experience, and raw, honest accounts of the journeys of peers and past students into their academic careers as students of music, we hope to offer a distinctive perspective on the motivating factors influencing scholars when choosing fields of specialisation.”—- Taryn Arnott and Louise Saunders (eds) 04 00 Forewords 1 Human factors influencing choice of specialisation 2 Academic fulfilment through musical exploration, and music as a lifestyle 3 Cultural and social factors influencing choice of specialisation 4 Visionary factors influencing choice of specialisation 5 Introspective views of musical study 6 Fundamental observations occurring throughout the essays 7 Retrospective research References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920299309 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Career%20Choice%20-%20The%20Voices%20of%20Music%20Students.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/career-choice-the-voices-of-music-students/ 99 01 urn:uuid:9bb617e0-df14-40f9-8903-72d9a1742b4c 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9bb617e0-df14-40f9-8903-72d9a1742b4c 15 9781920677930 06 10.47622/9781920677923 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Castells in Africa Universities and Development 1 A01 21 0000-0001-5777-7089 Johan Muller 2 A01 Nico Cloete 3 A01 21 0000-0002-1048-0429 Francois van Schalkwyk 01 eng 00 248 03 10 SOC008010 20 SOC008010 03 00 Universities and Development collects the papers produced by Manuel Castells on his visits to South Africa, and publishes them in a single volume for the first time. The book also publishes a series of empirically-based papers which together display the multi-faceted and far-sighted scope of his theoretical framework, and its fecundity for fine-grained, detailed empirical investigations on universities and development in Africa. Castells, in his afterword to this book, always looking forward, assesses the role of the university in the wake of the upheavals to the global economic order. He decides the universities function not only remains, but is more important than ever. This book will serve as an introduction to the relevance of his work for higher education in Africa for postgraduate students, reflective practitioners and researchers. 04 00 Acknowledgements Preface About the editors Section 1: Framing Castells in Africa 1 Castells in South Africa 2 Universities and the ‘new society’ Section 2: Castells in South Africa 3 Universities as dynamic systems of contradictory functions 4 The role of universities in development, the economy and society 5 Rethinking development in the global information age Section 3: Putting Castells to Work in Africa 6 Roles of universities and the African context 7 Universities and economic development in Africa 8 Research universities in Africa? 9 African universities and connectedness in the information age 10 Contradictory functions, unexpected outcomes, new challenges Afterword by Manuel Castells Appendices References Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160503 13 15 9781920677923 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/castells-in-africa-universities-and-development/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920677923.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:2980e530-0c77-4755-a97a-554793d6259a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2980e530-0c77-4755-a97a-554793d6259a 15 9781067253769 06 10.47622/9781067253769 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Centering on African Practice in Musical Arts Education 1 A01 Minette Mans 01 eng 00 260 03 10 MUS014000 04 00 Foreword Contributors Acknowledgements Reflections on African theory and educational implementation 1. Aesthetics and practices in indigenous choral styles of the Yoruba of Africa Olufemi Adedeji 2. The philosophy of art reflected in African music: A comparative analysis of Western and African aesthetic perspectives Mellitus Nyongesa Wanyama 3. Meanings and messages in musical arts Minette Mans 4. Growing in musical arts knowledge versus the role of the ignorant expert Meki Nzewi 5. Is there a Swahili way of teaching music? Describing a series of teachers’ workshops on teaching music to children in Tanzania Hildegard Kiel and Tormod W. Anundsen 6. Factors associated with academic performance of students in music at NCE level: A case study of Oyo State College of Education, Oyo, Nigeria Kayode Samuel 7. Learning, linking and participating: Transmitting African music in Australian schools Dawn Joseph 8. The use of Tanzanian folk songs and story-telling in a teaching environment Hetta Potgieter & Jeanne Colling 9. The healing power of music… Estelle Marié van Heerden African practice - past into future 10. The Talking Drum (TTD): Mouthpiece for PASMAE Elizabeth Oehrle 11. Change, innovation, and continuity in the performance practice of traditional Luo instrumental genres in contemporary popular settings Rose Omolo-Ongati 12. The cultural marriage music of the Abaluhya: Song text as a mode of discourse Kaskon W. Mindoti 13. A personal account of music education in Freetown: “You can play a musical instrument” Franklyn Johnson-Williams 14. The segaba: An indigenous form of music education Mothusi Phuthego 15. Oja (Igbo wooden flute): An introduction to the playing technique and performance Christian Onyeji 16. Study and performance technique of African instruments and their building technology: A case study of the “Igba” single membrane drum O'dyke Nzewi 17. A hands-on approach to the teaching-learning of uhadi Luvuyo Dontsa 18. The substance of African Divine Church choral music Abigail Nancy Masasabi 19. Mhande, a Shona (Karanga) rain-making dance. Lessons in Zimbabwean traditional dances for generalist primary teachers - the Morgan Zintec College experience Philemon Manatsa 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120312 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/centering-on-african-practice-in-musical-arts-education/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/192005149X.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:0ab05295-bf27-4ec4-8a50-23b5c7e265b0 03 01 01 urn:uuid:0ab05295-bf27-4ec4-8a50-23b5c7e265b0 15 9781928331346 06 10.47622/9781928331339 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Change Management in TVET Colleges Lessons Learnt from the Field of Practice 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1149-7556 André Kraak 2 B01 Andrew Paterson 3 B01 Kedibone Bok 01 eng 00 120 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) college environment is marked by increasingly stark juxtapositions between what needs to be achieved in the post-school education sector and the increasing difficulty of current conditions. The ‘triple challenge’ of poverty, inequality and unemployment weighs heavily on the social, political and economic fabric of the country and expectations are high that the TVET colleges can make a pivotal contribution to counter these challenges. Despite laudable increases in TVET enrolment, the education system needs to work harder to accommodate the weight of demand for post school further education and training (FET) band qualifications from young people not in education, employment or training. At the same time, it is vital to secure adequate quality in TVET programmes which depend so much on the competence and commitment of college lecturers. This collection offers a set of research papers that provide new analytic and empirical material on:The political economy of TVET types in different countries which, by comparison, illuminate the South African case;<break/>A periodisation of government interventions in the TVET sector over the last three decades;<break/>The unsettled state and status of TVET lecturers in relation to their job requirements and conditions of service;<break/>The halting evolution of collegial relationships between college lecturers towards higher collegiality;<break/>Employer expectations of college graduates and how colleges are responding; and<break/>An analysis of the outcomes of a college improvement intervention in Limpopo and the Eastern Cape.This book will offer valuable information and insights for decision-makers as well as analysts of institutional change concerning links between education and economic growth, with particular regard to TVET graduates’ employment rates. 04 00 Acronyms and abbreviations Introduction - Andrew Paterson, 1 Three decades of restructuring in further education colleges: Divergent outcomes across differing global vocational education and training systems - André Kraak, 1 2 Unfinished business: Managing the transformation of further education and training colleges - Anthony Gewer 3 Throwing good money after bad: Barriers South African vocational teachers experience in becoming competent educators -Ronel Blom 4 A climate for change? Vertical and horizontal collegial relations in TVET colleges - Volker Wedekind and Zanele Buthelezi 5 Preparing TVET college graduates for the workplace: Employers’ views - Joy Papier, Seamus Needham, Nigel Prinsloo and Timothy McBride 6 What will it take to turn TVET colleges around? Evaluation of a large-scale college improvement programme - Carmel Marock, Eleanor Hazell and Bina Akoobhai 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160622 13 15 9781928331339 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331339.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/change-management-in-tvet-colleges-lessons-learnt-from-the-field-of-practice/ 99 01 urn:uuid:662b7cfa-37d8-45d5-894f-84ffa1ffa2da 03 01 01 urn:uuid:662b7cfa-37d8-45d5-894f-84ffa1ffa2da 15 9781920489588 06 10.47622/9781936133291 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Citizenship Law in Africa A Comparative Study (2nd edition) 1 A01 Bronwyn Manby 01 eng 00 110 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Contents Preface to the third edition Disclaimer Abbreviations Definition Summary and recommendations International norms on nationality Nationality under colonial rule and the transition to independence The basis of nationality law today The right to a nationality in national law Nationality based on birth in the territory Nationality based on descent Adopted children Racial and ethnic discrimination Gender discrimination Dual nationality Naturalisation Nationality requirements for public office Rights for the African diaspora Loss and deprivation of nationality Renunciation and reacquisition Evidence and documentation State successions since independence Naturalisation as a “durable solution” for refugees Appendix: Legal sources List of tables Table 1: Right to nationality based on birth in the territory Table 2: Right to nationality based on descent Table 3: Right to nationality for adopted children Table 4: Right to transmit nationality to a spouse Table 5: Countries permitting and prohibiting dual nationality for adults Table 6: Right to acquire nationality by naturalisation Table 7: Criteria for loss of nationality Table 8: Renunciation and reacquisition 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120705 13 15 9781936133291 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781936133291.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/citizenship-law-in-africa-a-comparative-study-2nd-edition/ 99 01 urn:uuid:5cb1c1a6-75c8-4057-b0f7-ca1db5ee0b3a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5cb1c1a6-75c8-4057-b0f7-ca1db5ee0b3a 15 9781920489588 06 10.47622/9781928331087 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Citizenship Law in Africa A Comparative Study (3rd edition) 1 A01 Bronwyn Manby 01 eng 00 136 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This third edition is a comprehensive revision of the original text, which is also updated to reflect developments at national and continental levels. The original tables presenting comparative analysis of all the continent’s nationality laws have been improved, and new tables added on additional aspects of the law. Since the second edition was published in 2010, South Sudan has become independent and adopted its own nationality law, while there have been revisions to the laws in Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia and Zimbabwe. The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child have developed important new normative guidance. 04 00 Contents Preface to the third edition Disclaimer Abbreviations Definition Summary and recommendations International norms on nationality Nationality under colonial rule and the transition to independence The basis of nationality law today The right to a nationality in national law Nationality based on birth in the territory Nationality based on descent Adopted children Racial and ethnic discrimination Gender discrimination Dual nationality Naturalisation Nationality requirements for public office Rights for the African diaspora Loss and deprivation of nationality Renunciation and reacquisition Evidence and documentation State successions since independence Naturalisation as a “durable solution” for refugees Appendix: Legal sources List of tables Table 1: Right to nationality based on birth in the territory Table 2: Right to nationality based on descent Table 3: Right to nationality for adopted children Table 4: Right to transmit nationality to a spouse Table 5: Countries permitting and prohibiting dual nationality for adults Table 6: Right to acquire nationality by naturalisation Table 7: Criteria for loss of nationality Table 8: Renunciation and reacquisition 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160125 13 15 9781936133291 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/citizenship-law-in-africa-a-comparative-study-3rd-edition/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331087.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:0a822a28-a062-4aed-b191-672ae7815760 03 01 01 urn:uuid:0a822a28-a062-4aed-b191-672ae7815760 15 9781928502838 06 10.47622/9781928502821 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Collaboration in Development A South African Heritage 1 A01 Godwin Khosa Godwin Khosa 01 eng 10 SOC008010 03 00 South Africa is under-capitalising on its rich ways of doing business. One such way, the focus of this book, is collaboration.The collaboration approach should be promoted to the same extent that the Japanese have entrenched and exported their ‘small incremental improvement’ Kaizen approach. There are many such underexplored indigenous ways of doing business in Africa. Where improvement is required in relation to development and organisational performance, the need is not so much building new capacities as discovering and implementing more strategic and effective utilisation of existing indigenous ones. And there is no need to cringe when African culture is used to inform science.This book uses history, interviews and documentary evidence from South Africa to weave together a story, arguments and lessons about collaboration. 04 00 Acronyms and abbreviations Acknowledgements Dedications Preface Prologue CHAPTER 1. Memoirs of Collaboration in South Africa CHAPTER 2. What Motivates People to Start Collaborations? CHAPTER 3. Collaboration: Dynamic Manifestation of Mutual Values, Power and Positioning CHAPTER 4. Managing Multiple-Stakeholder Networks CHAPTER 5. Roles and Operationalisation of the Multiple Stakeholder Approach CHAPTER 6. Conclusion: An Imperative to Use Networks to Respond to Market and Bureaucratic Failures Notes About the Author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20230911 13 15 9781928502821 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/collaboration_development/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502821.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:302a08ca-d68b-40a1-a5bd-4932e2177e12 03 01 01 urn:uuid:302a08ca-d68b-40a1-a5bd-4932e2177e12 15 9781920677428 06 10.47622/9781920677428 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Confronting Exclusion 2013 Transformation Audit 1 B01 Jan Hofmeyr 01 eng 00 86 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 An immediate, but only partial, remedy to the current state of affairs would be to prioritise transparency, accountability and leadership integrity within the system to restore trust in the bona fides of key institutions. The longer-term challenge will be to counter a growing sense of economic exclusion, where violent police action, rather than democratic process, is increasingly employed to stave off the manifestations of material anxiety experienced by struggling citizens.This edition of the Transformation Audit, titled ‘Confronting Exclusion’, focuses on instances of such exclusion but, as in previous years, also prioritises the search for inclusive economic policy and future strategies to address them. By looking at each of the four chapter areas, it seeks to find answers to the challenge of a society in which the promise of true freedom and equal rights will remain only that until people feel equipped to be in charge of their own destiny and that of their children. 04 00 List of tables and figures Contributors Acronyms and abbreviations Preface Introduction Jan Hofmeyr CHAPTER 1 Economic governance The economy at a glance Intergenerational equity and the political economy of South Africa Iraj Abedian CHAPTER 2 The labour market The labour market at a glance An overview of real earnings trends of the formally employed in post-apartheid South Africa Derek Yu CHAPTER 3 Skills and education Skills and education at a glance Accountability in South African education Nicholas Spaull CHAPTER 4 Poverty and inequality Poverty and inequality at a glance Hunger in the former apartheid homelands: Determinants of converging food security 100 years after the 1913 Land Act 71 Dieter von Fintel and Louw Pienaar Appendices 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20140620 13 15 9781920677428 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/TA-2013-text-and-cover-web1.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/confronting-exclusion-2013-transformation-audit/ 99 01 urn:uuid:a1b98a2b-562f-4de5-aec1-5de1639e8328 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a1b98a2b-562f-4de5-aec1-5de1639e8328 15 9781928502289 06 10.47622/9781928502272 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Democracy and the Discourse on Relevance Within the Academic Profession at Makerere University 1 A01 Andrea Kronstad Felde 2 A01 Tor Halvorsen 3 A01 Anja Myrtveit 01 eng 00 322 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The privatisation of education services and the reorienting of universities towards the needs of the 'knowledge economy' have largely succeeded in transforming the discourse around the role of the academic profession in society, including in many African countries. Makerere University in Uganda has often been lauded as an example of successful transformation along neoliberal lines. However, our research into the working lives of academics at Makerere revealed a very different picture. Far from epitomising the allegedly positive outcomes of neoliberal reform, academics and postgraduate students interviewed at Makerere provide worrying insights into the undermining of a vibrant and independent academic culture. The stories of the ordinary academics on the ground, the empirical focus of the book, are in contrast to the claimed successes of the university; and the official stories of the university leadership and administration paint a picture of an academic profession in crisis. With diminishing influence on deciding what is relevant knowledge and thus on processes of democratization of their own institution and society, academic freedom is also losing its value.This perspective from the ground-level exposes the many problems that neoliberal reforms have created for academics at Makerere, leaving them feeling disempowered, often reducing them to the status of consultants. We also show how a range of local initiatives are steadily increasing resistance to the neoliberal model. We consider how academics and others can further mobilise to regain control over what knowledge is considered relevant, and thereby deepen democracy. In so doing, we aim to highlight some responses and actions that have proven effective so far.Democracy and the Discourse of Relevance will hopefully help to change the systems that value knowledge in ways that are driving research institutions towards competitive and market-like behaviour. We also aim to contribute to contemporary debates about what knowledge is relevant. 04 00 Preface Acronyms and abbreviations Part I All the background 1 What inspired this book 2 Theoretical reflections on the role of the academic profession and relevance 3 Some background to the development of the academic profession at Makerere University Part II Talking with the Makerereians 4 Meeting the deans, establishing a baseline for our study 5 Engineering knowledge and innovation for development 6 Relevance cultivating science? Agricultural education and research at Makerere University 7 Teaching social studies and law in a neoliberal authoritarian regime 8 Reflections on Part II: Academic professionals or knowledge workers? Part III The challenge of strengthening the academic profession 9 The Makerere Institute of Social Research: a future-focused doctoral programme? 10 The academic profession and its influence on the relevance of knowledge Afterword Getting academic freedom into focus Appendix: Some notes about methods and process Notes References About the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20210817 13 15 9781928502272 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/democracy_discourse_relevance/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502272.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:0dddb366-a5f8-4843-87b6-b04266972515 03 01 01 urn:uuid:0dddb366-a5f8-4843-87b6-b04266972515 15 9781920355043 06 10.47622/9781920355043 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Dick Fehnel Lessons from Graver’s School 1 A01 Richard Fehnel 01 eng 00 171 03 10 BIO000000 04 00 Preface Foreword Chapter 1 In the Beginning Chapter 2 Gravers School Chapter 3 The Farm Chapter 4 “Eats” Chapter 5 Free to Roam Chapter 6 The Family Implodes Chapter 7 A New Beginning Chapter 8 Semper Fidelis Chapter 9 Cancer Round One Chapter 10 An Intellectual Awakening Chapter 11 Academe Chapter 12 External Consulting and Inner Conflict (1983–1991) Chapter 13 The South African Years (1991–2000) Postscript Bibliography 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355043 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Dick%20Fehnel%20-%20Lessons%20from%20Gravers%20School.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/dick-fehnel-lessons-from-gravers-school/ 99 01 urn:uuid:b2e828af-5fa4-45ae-984f-d4360ba31aaa 03 01 01 urn:uuid:b2e828af-5fa4-45ae-984f-d4360ba31aaa 15 9781928502715 06 10.47622/9781928502708 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Digital Technology in Capacity Development Enabling Learning and Supporting Change 1 B01 21 0000-0002-1263-7768 Joanna Wild 2 B01 21 0000-0003-2208-4498 Femi Nzegwu 3 A23 21 0000-0002-1239-7493 Laura Czerniewicz 01 eng 00 171 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Part 1 sets out the main thinking that informs our overall approach and the frameworks that guide our practice.<break/>Part 2 explores a series of assumptions about technology-enhanced learning (TEL) that are common in the literature and against which we tested our data. It brings new evidence to bear on how TEL can be used more effectively as part of learning and capacity strengthening.<break/>Part 3 is designed as a practical guide to walk practitioners through the steps to create relevant, inclusive and sustainable digital learning interventions.<break/>Part 4 offers a collection of 16 case studies that illustrate how we have put the principles into practice.<break/>We have worked to evidence how technology can be leveraged effectively to enhance or strengthen capacities of individuals, teams or systems. We make clear that there are no magic bullets, that online approaches are not simply quicker or cheaper substitutes, and that solutions need to be selected carefully, designed well, and significant time invested if it is to work well.We hope Digital Technology in Capacity Development will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in a range of institutions, whether they are directly responsible for designing, delivering or evaluating new initiatives or whether they are advising or funding those who do. 04 00 Introduction Setting the scene Examining some common assumptions about TEL in capacity development A step by step guide to technology-enhanced capacity development Case Studies Conclusions 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20230130 13 15 9781928502708 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/digital-technology-capacity-development/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502708.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:efc2fc05-22cd-450a-889b-73c779d584e3 03 01 01 urn:uuid:efc2fc05-22cd-450a-889b-73c779d584e3 15 9781067253776 06 10.47622/9781067253776 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Dismantling Gender Barriers in STEM Perspectives from the Global South 1 B01 21 0000-0001-6463-0421 Hannah Whitehead 2 B01 21 0009-0007-3143-1953 Matilda Dipieri 01 eng 00 273 03 10 SOC042000 10 SOC032000 10 EDU029000 03 00 Education and science are foundational to international development, yet gender inequities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) persist globally. While these disparities are widespread, most research and discourse on gender in STEM originates from the Global North. This edited collection amplifies contributions from the Global South, presenting twelve case studies supported by Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC). The case studies are led by researchers across Africa and Latin America who investigate gender inequities in STEM within their local or regional contexts.Organised around four interwoven themes, (1) building gender-responsive and equitable STEM institutions, (2) leveraging data to address gender disparities, (3) fostering leadership and mentorship for women in STEM, and (4) ensuring support across academic and career pathways, the book offers a comprehensive view of the challenges and innovations shaping gender equity in STEM. Taken together, these chapters provide critical insights and recommendations to promote gender equity in STEM across the Global South and beyond. 04 00 Acknowledgements Foreword Introduction 01 Educational Pathways for Unlocking the Participation of Women and Girls in Science: Lessons from Zimbabwe’s Women’s University in Africa 02 The “Learning School”: A Foundation for Gender Equality and Green Growth in Colombia 03 Gender Policies and Gender Transformation within the African Research Universities Alliance 04 Gender Inequalities in STEM: Focusing on Agricultural Science in West African Public Universities and Research Units 05 Uncovering Indigenous Women in STEM: A First Approach from Mexico 06 Fostering Open Data on Women in STEM across Latin America: The ELLAS Network 07 Gender-Lensed Supervision and Mentorship Framework for STEM Postgraduate Training in East Africa: Processes, Experiences and Lessons Learned 08 Advancing Women in STEM Leadership: Policy Analysis with Insights from Water-related Sectors in Ghana and Kenya 09 Pedagogical Efforts to Address Gender Disparities in STEM Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review 10 From Individuals to Institutions: Scaling Up Women Scientists’ Impact in the Global South 11 Voices of Change: Gender and Knowledge Journeys in the Construction of Public Policies for Women in STEM in Bolivia 12 The Underrepresentation of Women in STEM Research in Afrika* – Can Nego-Feminism Offer a Solution? Conclusion 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20251020 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/gender-stem/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781067253776.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:01683b16-5253-4b0f-95f5-cd36b7ae5b1f 03 01 01 urn:uuid:01683b16-5253-4b0f-95f5-cd36b7ae5b1f 15 9781067253547 06 10.47622/9781067253530 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Doctoral Education in Context: Perspectives from Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-9765-0506 Jan Botha 2 B01 21 0000-0002-4797-3323 Liezel Frick 3 B01 21 0000-0002-7842-5426 Nompilo Tshuma 01 eng 00 440 03 10 EDU015000 10 EDU043000 03 00 Doctoral Education in Context: Perspectives from Africa shares lived experiences and insights of doctoral supervisors from 16 different countries in Africa. The book’s originality lies also in the contributors’ profiles as practicing, novice doctoral supervisors. All of them graduated from the Training Course for Supervisors offered by the Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST) at Stellenbosch University in South Africa, with the support of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)/German Rectors’ Conference (HRK) through the DIES Programme.The authors’ commitment to doctoral supervision in their particular context is shown in each chapter. Many edited volumes bring together the voices of often-established researchers; in this book, we hear first-hand the voices of novice supervisors, who are willing to learn and share their insights and experiences in doctoral supervision. This perspective makes the unique strength and originality of the book.This book is for anyone involved in the research and practice of doctoral supervision, in Africa, and the global context. Readers and doctoral supervisors outside Africa will learn much about the challenging world of doctoral supervision in Africa. 04 00 Introduction, Jan Botha, Liezel Frick, Nompilo Tshuma Section A DOCTORAL RESEARCH AND THE DOCTORAL QUALIFICATION IN AFRICA 01 Bibliometric analysis of doctoral supervision literature using topic modelling, Rudolph Oosthuizen 02 Academic freedom in doctoral studies in Africa, Mohamed A. M. Khalil 03 Overseas education and degree completion: Evidence from African PhD students, Samuel Mutarindwa 04 The feasibility of contextualizing Salzburg I and II Principles for improving Nigeria’s doctoral education, Bernard Ugochukwu Nwosu 05 The role of the doctoral qualification in socio-economic development: A case study of a university in Benin, Estelle Bancole-Minaflinou 06 The MPhil/PhD degree at the University of Mauritius: Time to diversify and adopt other models of doctoral degrees? Meera Manraj 07 Agostinho Neto University: An appraisal of the contexts and processes of doctoral production, Paulo Conceição João Faria 08 The role of doctoral supervisors in addressing the problem of predatory publishing in francophone sub-Saharan Africa, Kokouvi Edem N’Tsoukpoe Section B PEDAGOGY 09 Project management as an enabler of doctoral completion, Isabel Meyer 10 Doctoral supervision in the context of the physician scientist, Susan Williams 11 A reflection on doctoral supervision in the School of Natural Sciences at the University of Zambia, Wilma Sithabiso Sichombo Nchito 12 Science doctoral students’ perceptions of supervision at a Sudanese university, Ahmed Elsayed 13 Supervisory practices in the School of Therapeutic Sciences of the University of the Witwatersrand, Ané Orchard 14 Reflections on cohort and thesis-by-publications approaches to doctoral supervision at Makerere University, Stephen Ojiambo Wandera 15 Improving the quality of the PhD programme at the Center of Research and Valorization of Medicinal Plants in Guinea, Elhadj Saidou Baldé 16 How are supervision skills developed? Perceptions of doctoral supervisors in selected universities in Kenya, Selline Atieno Oketch 17 Remote supervision of doctoral research using WhatsApp in universities in Benin, Tognon Clotilde Guidi Section C SUPERVISOR–DOCTORAL CANDIDATE RELATIONSHIP 18 Supervisee to supervisor: ‘Trial and Error’? Caroline Kinuu Kimathi 19 Enhancing feedback for effective supervision in the doctoral journey, Fraj Chemak 20 The role of feedback in supervision and thesis writing, Selma Tuemumunu Karuaihe 21 Supervisor–student relationship as a determinant of PhD thesis,quality at the University of Buea, Cameroon, Sophie Ekume Etomes 22 Overcoming perpetual liminality among doctoral candidates in a Kenyan university, Tom Kwanya 23 Career and professional development of the doctoral candidate, Tracy Kellermann CONCLUDING REMARKS 24 Doctoral education in context: Perspectives from scholars in Africa, Kirsi Pyhältö 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20250220 13 15 9781067253530 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781067253530.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/doctoral-education-in-context-perspectives-from-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c150ea38-7257-478e-82dd-830939160836 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c150ea38-7257-478e-82dd-830939160836 15 9781928331070 06 10.47622/9781928331001 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Doctoral Education in South Africa Policy, Discourse and Data 1 A01 Nico Cloete 2 A01 21 0000-0002-0339-7440 Johann Mouton 3 A01 21 0000-0001-7646-0458 Charles Sheppard 01 eng 00 171 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This book is unique in the area of research into doctoral studies because it draws on a large number of studies conducted by the Centre of Higher Education Trust (CHET) and the Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST) over the past decade. In addition to these historical studies, new quantitative and qualitative research was undertaken to produce the evidence base for the anbalyses presented in the book. The studies focused on a range of issues related to the growth, efficiency, quality and transformation of doctoral education, doctoral supervision, doctoral tracer studies as well as drawing on studies from the rest of Africa and the world.The book makes recommendations about strengthening traditional doctoral education, and proposes a paradigm shift. It concludes by raising three policy issues: reaching the National Development Plan 2030 target of 5 000 graduates per annum, South Africa as a PhD hub for Africa and differentiation among different groups of doctorate-producing institutions. 04 00 List of figures and tables Preface About the authors List of frequently used acronyms Chapter 1 The demand for a doctorate: Global, African and South African contexts Chapter 2 The demand to increase doctorates Chapter 3 The demand for improved efficiency Chapter 4 The demand for transformation Chapter 5 Improve the quality of doctoral education Chapter 6 Multiple paths to success Chapter 7 Incremental change and a paradigm shift Chapter 8 Policy choices and implications Appendices Appendix 1 Data sources and methodology Appendix 2 Responses to the presentation of preliminary findings from the Study on the Doctorate in South Africa (May 2014) Appendix 3 Current trends in PhD studies: A review of articles published on the University World News website (2013) Appendix 4 Government steering of doctoral production Appendix 5 Additional data on the doctorate in South Africa Appendix 6 Scenarios that will produce doctoral graduates by 2030 References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20160116 13 15 9781928331001 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/doctoral-education-in-south-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331001.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:ac10ae1c-e3ce-4196-a184-3b94e8456a1f 03 01 01 urn:uuid:ac10ae1c-e3ce-4196-a184-3b94e8456a1f 15 9781920677565 06 10.47622/9781920677435 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Driving Change The Story of the South Africa Norway Tertiary Education Development Programme 1 B01 Trish Gibbon 01 eng 00 168 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Acronyms About the authors The editorial group Preface Introduction Trish Gibbon Chapter 1 Promoting South African reform objectives through development cooperation Nasima Badsha Chapter 2 The Norwegian perspective Inger Kristine Stoll Chapter 3 The role of the SANTED Secretariat: Riding the development cooperation bicycle, hands on and hands off Trish Gibbon Chapter 4 Supporting and enhancing the academic project: Improving student throughput and success within an equity framework Colleen Howell Chapter 5 Multilingualism for teaching and learning Pamela Maseko Chapter 6 Challenges relating to the establishment of comprehensive universities in the South African higher education sector Martin Oosthuizen Chapter 7 Cross-border collaboration in the Southern African Development Community countries Fazela Haniff and Trish Gibbon Conclusion Learning from experience: Summing up the impact of SANTED and its legacies Robert Smith References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20140520 13 15 9781920677435 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920677435.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/driving-change-the-story-of-the-south-africa-norway-tertiary-education-development-programme/ 99 01 urn:uuid:8b9eb526-538a-4cbb-88b2-8c9df510342e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:8b9eb526-538a-4cbb-88b2-8c9df510342e 15 9781920489069 06 10.47622/9781920489069 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Educational Challenges in Multilingual Societies LOITASA Phase Two Research 1 B01 21 0000-0002-0753-1969 Zubeida Desai 2 B01 Martha Qorro 3 B01 21 0000-0001-7646-0458 Birgit Brock-Utne 01 eng 00 136 03 20 Education 10 SOC008010 04 00 Introduction Complexities of languages and multilingualism in postcolonial predicaments Fernando Rosa Ribeiro Reclaiming the common sense Solveig Gulling Policy on the language of instruction issue in Africa – a spotlight on South Africa and Tanzania Birgit Brock-Utne Laissez-faire approaches to language in education policy do not work in South Africa Zubeida Desai Taught language or talked language: Second language teaching strategies in an isiXhosa Beginners’ class at the University of Cape Town Tessa Dowling Turnallocation and learner participation in grade four science lessons in isiXhosa and English Vuyokazi Nomlomo The use of ICT in South African classrooms and the double literacy trap Greta Gudmundsdottir A critical evaluation of selected textbooks used in teaching standard six mathematics, Kiswahili and English in selected Kiswahili and English-medium primary schools in Tanzania Martha Qorro What is the difference in achievement of learners in selected Kiswahili and English-medium primary schools in Tanzania? Jane Bakahwemama What is the difference in the quality of education provided by government and private primary schools in Tanzania? Julitha Cecilia John A comparative appraisal of teaching and learning resources in private and government primary schools in Tanzania Mwajuma Vuzo Why is the choice of the language of instruction in which students learn best seldom made in Tanzania? Zehlia Babaci-Wilhite The ICT influence on the choice of language in higher education in Tanzania Torill Aagot Halvorsen The prospects for and possible implications of teaching African Philosophy in Kiswahili in East Africa Birgit Brock-Utne and Azaveli Lwaitama 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120525 13 15 9781920489069 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/1341562611776694687.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/educational-challenges-in-multilingual-societies/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c3f70afb-fe1f-4104-a5e2-e2a9a5a6b097 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c3f70afb-fe1f-4104-a5e2-e2a9a5a6b097 15 9781067253516 06 10.47622/9781067253509 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Education Research in African Contexts Traditions and New Beginnings for Knowledge and Impact 1 B01 21 0000-0002-4118-8973 Paul Webb 2 B01 21 0000-0002-8933-0553 Mathabo Khau 3 B01 21 0000-0003-4853-3968 Proscovia Namubiru Ssentamu 01 eng 00 262 03 10 EDU034000 10 EDU037000 10 SOC008010 03 00 This compelling anthology illuminates the transformative role of education research in Africa, presenting a bricolage of studies by scholarship holders of the East and South African-German Centre of Excellence for Educational Research Methodologies and Management (CERM-ESA). Bridging insights from these two regions, the book examines the vital intersections between education, society and culture, with a focus on fostering sustainable educational reform and empowering local communities.At the heart of the book is a shared commitment to evolving higher education in Africa through collaborative, context-sensitive research. Anchored by the partnership of five universities across two continents, CERM-ESA’s initiatives support capacity-building and innovation in African educational contexts, working directly with schools, communities and policymakers to address the unique challenges of the continent. With themes ranging from indigenous methodologies and climate change education to gender equity and academic resilience, the chapters showcase diverse and locally relevant approaches that inform and inspire change across educational sectors.Targeted toward education researchers, policymakers and practitioners invested in African development, Education Research in African Contexts offers an in-depth exploration of educational methodologies that honour traditions while embracing progressive change. The book provides invaluable insights for educators and leaders seeking to support responsive, impactful education systems.Through critical reflection and innovative research, the volume reimagines educational paradigms that respect African realities, encouraging readers to explore new possibilities for inclusive and transformative research. 04 00 Introduction CHAPTER 1 A reflection on collaborative teaching and learning in higher education: The case of the East and South African-German Centre of Excellence for Educational Research Methodologies and Management Noel Japheth, John K. Chang’ach, Susan Kurgat, Mercy Chemutai Barasa CHAPTER 2 Exploring teacher educator views on place and position of indigenous knowledge in the school curriculum using an indigenous methodology Janet Ronoh, Paul Webb CHAPTER 3 A quantitative study on academic resilience among engineering students at a South African university Curwyn Mapaling, Paul Webb, Belinda du Plooy CHAPTER 4 Exploring faculty and student perspectives regarding training and research interventions on climate change and sustainability at Makerere University in Uganda David Ssekamatte, Karsten Speck, Bernd Siebenhüner CHAPTER 5 University-community engagement opportunities to address climate change issues in an African context. The case of Makerere University, Uganda Nelson Mandela, David Ssekamatte, Benjamin Kyalo Wambua CHAPTER 6 Picturing the experiences of the student–supervisor relationship towards completion of doctoral studies in African universities Cornelius Kipleting Rugut CHAPTER 7 Exploratory factor analysis of stakeholders’ participation in school management and the enhancement of learners’ academic achievement in public secondary schools in Uganda Dorothy Nakiyaga, David Serem, Proscovia Namubiru Ssentamu, John Boit CHAPTER 8 Exploring the use of participatory visual methods in teaching sexuality education within the HIV and AIDS education programme in Kenyan secondary schools Lily Yego, Violet Nabwire Opata, Heloise Sathorar, Mathabo Khau CHAPTER 9 Barriers and enablers of educational inclusion of children in street situations in Uganda Annah Atuhaire, Jonah Nyaga Kindiki, Stella Kyohairwe, Susan Kurgat CHAPTER 10 Using participatory visual methods to teach character education in early childhood, Kenya Evans Mos Olao, Bernard Misigo, Karsten Speck CHAPTER 11 A focus on drawing as method: Insights from a novice participatory visual methodologies researcher Naomi Mworia Supervisors: Dr Felicity W. Githinji and Professor Naydene De Lange CHAPTER 12 Using gender-atypical Kiswahili children’s stories to deconstruct gender-stereotyped roles among learners Simon Ekiru, Mathabo Khau, Sammy Chumba CHAPTER 13 A ‘play way’ method for developing digital literacy among pupils in primary schools in Nandi sub-county, Kenya Sarah Jemutai CHAPTER 14 Culturally appropriate linguistic responses to taboo issues when teaching biology Ayanda Simayi, Paul Webb CHAPTER 15 Beyond saviour research: A critical synthesis of the CERM-ESA project celebration Michael Anthony Samuel About the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20241201 13 15 9781067253509 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/education-research/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781067253509.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:5b46bf6f-ec7a-499f-a3c0-2e2df20332d0 03 01 01 urn:uuid:5b46bf6f-ec7a-499f-a3c0-2e2df20332d0 15 9781928332213 06 10.47622/9781928331148 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Effectiveness of Anti-Corruption Agencies in East Africa Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda 1 A01 Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA 01 eng 00 370 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 With reportedly over USD50 billion lost annually through graft and illicit practices, combating corruption in Africa has been challenging. However, laws and policies at the continental, regional and national levels have been promulgated and enacted by African leaders. These initiatives have included the establishment of anti-corruption agencies mandated to tackle graft at national level, as well as coordinate bodies at regional and continental lev Yet, given the disparity between the apparent impunity enjoyed by public servants and the anti-corruption rhetoric of governments in the region, the effectiveness of these agencies is viewed with scepticism. This continent-wide study of anti-corruption agencies aims to gauge their relevance and effectiveness by assessing their independence, mandate, available resources, national ownership, capacities and strategic positioning. These surveys include evidence-based recommendations calling for stronger, more relevant and effective institutions that are directly aligned to regional and continental anti-corruption frameworks, such as the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AUCPCC), which the three countries in this current report Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda have all ratified.els to ensure the harmonisation of normative standards and the adoption of best practices in the fight against corruption. 04 00 Preface | Methodology | About the contributors | Acknowledgements 1 Overview A. Executive summary B. State of corruption C. Civil society, donors and media engagement D. Commitment to international conventions on corruption E. Legal frameworks for preventing and combating corruption F. Anti-corruption agencies G. Conclusion 2 Kenya A. Executive summary B. Introduction C. State of corruption D. Civil society, donors and media engagement E. Commitment to international conventions on corruption F. Legal framework for preventing and combating corruption G. Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission H. The EACC’s performance I. Conclusion J. Recommendations 3 Tanzania A. Executive summary B. Introduction C. State of corruption D. Civil society, donors and media engagement E. Commitment to international conventions on corruption F. Legal framework for preventing and combating corruption G. Prevention and combating of corruption bureau H. The PCCB’s performance I. Conclusion J. Recommendations 4 Uganda A. Executive summary B. Introduction C. State of corruption D. Civil society, donors and media engagement E. Commitment to international conventions F. Legal framework for preventing and combating corruption G. The Inspectorate of Government H. The IG’s performance I. Conclusion J. Recommendations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160125 13 15 9781920489069 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/AfriMAP-East-Africa-Anti-Corruption-Agencies-text-25Nov1245-WEB.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/effectiveness-of-anti-corruption-agencies-in-east-africa-kenya-tanzania-and-uganda/ 99 01 urn:uuid:a4729814-6f80-4546-9d9c-36af64a2943e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:a4729814-6f80-4546-9d9c-36af64a2943e 15 9781928332220 06 10.47622/9781928332213 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Effectiveness of Anti-Corruption Agencies in Southern Africa Angola, Botswana, DRC, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe 1 B01 Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) 01 eng 00 369 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 With reportedly over USD100 billion lost annually through graft and illicit practices, combatting corruption in Africa has been challenging. However, laws and policies at the continental, regional and national levels have been promulgated and enacted by African leaders. These initiatives have included the establishment of anti-corruption agencies mandated to tackle graft at national level, as well as coordinate bodies at regional and continental levels to ensure the harmonisation of normative standards and the adoption of best practices in the fight against corruption.Yet, given the disparity between the apparent impunity enjoyed by public servants and the anti-corruption rhetoric of governments in the region, the effectiveness of these agencies is viewed with scepticism. This continent-wide study of anti-corruption agencies aims to gauge their relevance and effectiveness by assessing their independence, mandate, available resources, national ownership, capacities and strategic positioning.These surveys include evidence-based recommendations calling for stronger, more relevant and effective institutions that are directly aligned to regional and continental anti-corruption frameworks, such as the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combatting Corruption (AUCPCC), which the ten countries in this current report – Angola, Botswana, DRC, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe – have all ratified. 04 00 Preface Acknowledgements 1. General overview 2. Angola Dr Helena Prata 3. Botswana Dr Gape I Kaboyakgosi 4. Democratic Republic of Congo Prof. Andre Mbata Mangu 5. Lesotho Dr Motlamelle Anthony Kapa 6. Malawi Dr Henry Chingaipe 7. Mozambique 8. Namibia Prof. Lesley Blaauw 9. South Africa Dr Ralph Mathekga 10. Swaziland Ms Maxine Langwenya 11. Zambia Mr Goodwell Lungu 12. Zimbabwe Ms Teresa Mugadza 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20170413 13 15 9781928332213 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928332213.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/effectiveness-of-anti-corruption-agencies-in-southern-africa-angola-botswana-drc-lesotho-malawi-mozambique-namibia-south-africa-swaziland-zambia-and-zimbabwe/ 99 01 urn:uuid:80af9a08-eef0-4092-807f-f1ca4ed6859b 03 01 01 urn:uuid:80af9a08-eef0-4092-807f-f1ca4ed6859b 15 9781928331377 06 10.47622/9781928331360 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Effectivité des Agences Nationales Anti-Corruption en Afrique de L’ouest Bénin, Libéria, Niger, Nigéria, Sénégal, Sierra Leone 1 B01 Open Society Initiative for West Africa 01 fre 00 320 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Avec plus de 100 milliards de dollars perdus chaque année, d’après certaines informations, à cause de la corruption et autres pratiques illicites, la lutte contre la corruption en Afrique fait face à d’énormes défis. Cependant, des lois et politiques aux niveaux continental, régional et national ont été promulguées et adoptées par les dirigeants africains. Au nombre de ces initiatives il y a la création d’agences spécialisées mandatées pour lutter contre la corruption au niveau national, ainsi que l’institution aux niveaux régional et continental des mécanismes pour assurer l’harmonisation des normes et l’adoption des meilleures pratiques dans la lutte contre la corruption.Pourtant, compte tenu de la disparité entre l’apparente impunité dont jouissent les fonctionnaires et la rhétorique anti-corruption des gouvernements de la région, l’efficacité de ces organismes est considérée avec scepticisme.Cette étude des agences anti-corruption à l’échelle continentale vise à évaluer leur pertinence et leur efficacité en examinant leur indépendance, leurs mandats, les ressources disponibles, l’appropriation nationale, les capacités en leur sein et leur positionnement stratégique.Ces enquêtes comprennent des recommandations fondées sur des preuves appelant à des institutions plus fortes, plus pertinentes et efficaces qui sont directement alignées sur les cadres régionaux et continentaux de lutte contre la corruption, comme la Convention de l’Union africaine sur la prévention et la lutte contre la corruption, que les six pays étudiés dans ce rapport – Bénin, Libéria, Niger, Nigeria, Sénégal et Sierra Leone – ont tous ratifiée. 04 00 Préface 1. Un Aperçu général Stéphane Bobé Enguéléguélé 2. Bénin Gilles Badet 3. Libéria Emmanuel AR Gaima et Shine Williams 4. Niger Luc Damiba 5. Nigéria Chijioke K Iwuamadi 6. Sénégal Semou Ndiaye 7. Sierra Leone Emmanuel Gaima 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20170703 13 15 9781928331360 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331360.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/effectivite-des-agences-nationales-anti-corruption-en-afrique-de-louest/ 99 01 urn:uuid:f912d4d5-531b-41df-9cae-9efa897ce1f6 03 01 01 urn:uuid:f912d4d5-531b-41df-9cae-9efa897ce1f6 15 9781928331179 06 10.47622/9781920677978 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Election Management Bodies in East Africa A Comparative Study of the Contribution of Electoral Commissions to the Strengthening of Democracy 1 A01 21 0000-0002-0328-0883 Alexander Makulilo 2 A01 Eugène Ntaganda 3 A01 Francis Away 4 A01 Margaret Sekaggya 5 A01 Patrick Osodo 01 eng 00 312 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The management of elections is increasingly generating impassioned debate in these East African nations - Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. The bodies that manage and conduct elections are, therefore, coming under intense citizen and stakeholder scrutiny for the manner in which they are composed, how they organise and perform their mandates, and the outcomes they achieve. The effectiveness of electoral management bodies (EMBs) has largely been influenced by the impact of political violence on election management reforms in East Africa. Even in countries where EMBs are the products of reforms initiated in the aftermath of violent disputes over elections, they still face enormous challenges in dealing with electoral disputes and anticipating election-related crises. Although changes to constitutions and the laws in these countries have sought to make EMBs independent and, therefore, more inclined to deliver free, fair and credible elections, there are many issues that determine their impartiality and their ability to allow for the aggregation and free expression of the will of the people. These shortcomings negatively impact on democracy. This volume assembles case studies on the capacity of EMBs in these five East African countries to deliver democratic and transparent elections. 04 00 List of tables and figures | List of boxes | Abbreviations and acronyms | Preface Introduction 1 Overview A. Introduction B. Models of EMBs C. Colonial legacy D. Violence and election management reforms E. Membership of EMBs and the appointment of commissioners F. Independence and effectiveness G. Common challenges to electoral management H. EMBs and the East African Community I. Conclusion J. Options for reforming electoral management 2 Burundi – Eugène Ntaganda A. Summary B. Historical and political context C. The National Independent Electoral Commission D. Funding of elections E. Management of electoral disputes F. A critical assessment of election management in Burundi G. Pre-2015 debate on electoral reform H. Recommendations 3 Kenya – Francis A. Aywa A. Summary B. Political development and electoral history C. Evolution of election management reforms D. The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission E. Election observation and monitoring F. Funding of elections G. Management of electoral disputes H. A critical assessment of election management in Kenya I. Recommendations 4 Rwanda – Patrick Osodo A. Summary B. History and politics of elections C. Legal framework for elections in post-genocide Rwanda D. The National Electoral Commission E. Funding of elections F. Management of electoral disputes G. A critical assessment of election management in Rwanda H. Electoral management and the debate on democratic reforms I. Recommendations 5 Tanzania – Alexander B. Makulilo A. Summary B. Political history C. Election management bodies D. Funding of elections E. Management of electoral disputes F. EMB relations with other actors G. A critical assessment of election management in Tanzania H. Constitutional review and reform of EMBs I. Conclusions J. Recommendations 6 Uganda – Margaret Sekaggya A. Summary B. Political history of elections C. Legal framework for the Electoral Commission D. Management of electoral disputes E. Financing the EC F. A critical assessment of election management in Uganda G. Conclusion H. Recommendations 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160229 13 15 9781920677978 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/election-management-bodies-in-east-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920677978.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:1649b4c3-e4e6-4a2f-bd52-61ae04da7754 03 01 01 urn:uuid:1649b4c3-e4e6-4a2f-bd52-61ae04da7754 15 9781928332183 06 10.47622/9781928332176 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Election Management Bodies in Southern Africa Comparative Study of the Electoral Commissions Contribution to Electoral Processes 1 B01 Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) 01 eng 00 345 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Over the past two decades, Southern African countries have entrenched the use of elections as the only means and medium for electing governments and representative institutions in governance. Electoral Management Bodies (EMBs) are central to the delivery and quality of elections. These institutions are mandated to manage most or all aspects of the electoral process. Informed by diverse factors – the design, mandate, extent of powers and even the number of institutions responsible for electoral matters vary in each country. This study is a collaborative effort between the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA), the Open Society Foundation’s Africa Regional Office (AfRO) and the Electoral Commissions Forum of the Southern African Development Community (ECF-SADC). For each of the 12 countries, the research covered:1. Comparative analysis of the legal frameworks the EMBs operate under and of the historical and political contexts they function within2. Comparative study of the institutional nature of the EMBs3. Assessment of the powers vested in the EMBs in the conduct and management of electoral processes and their role in the drafting of electoral laws, managing electoral operations, certifying and proclaiming electoral results, ensuring that electoral results are credible, and in resolving electoral conflicts4. Comparative assessment of the independence of the EMBs with particular reference to funding and their relationships with the executive, political parties, parliament and the judiciary (electoral justice mechanisms)Findings and recommendations from this pan-African initiative are expected to increase information and knowledge on the strengths, weaknesses and workings of EMBs in sub-Saharan Africa to facilitate peer learning among African election managers, as well as informing policy-makers, legislators, governments and civil society on a progressive reform agenda to strengthen inclusive electoral processes and democratic practice. 04 00 Preface Acknowledgements Overview 1. Angola Nuno de Fragoso Vidal 2. Botswana Emmanuel Botlhale, with Onalenna Selolwane 3. Democratic Republic of Congo Joseph Cihunda Hengelela 4. Lesotho Mafa M. Sejanamane 5. Malawi Ann Maganga 6. Mauritius Roukaya Kasenally 7. Mozambique Domingos M do Rosário 8. Namibia Moses Ndjarakana 9. Seychelles Nandini Patel 10. South Africa Collette Schulz-Herzenberg 11. Zambia Njunga-Michael Mulikita 12. Zimbabwe Charity Manyeruke 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20170417 13 15 9781928332176 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928332176.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/election-management-bodies-in-southern-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:b79843cb-615a-4583-b818-b3d29b19469e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:b79843cb-615a-4583-b818-b3d29b19469e 15 9781920489748 06 10.47622/9781920489168 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Election Management Bodies in West Africa A Comparative Study of the Contribution of Electoral Commissions to the Strengthening of Democracy 1 A01 Ismaila Fall 2 A01 Mathias Hounkpe 3 A01 Adele Jinadu 4 A01 Pascal Kambale 01 eng 00 246 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This report is an in-depth study of electoral commissions in six countries of West Africa Benin, Cape Verde, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone assessing their contribution in strengthening political participation in the region. As institutions that apply the rules governing elections, electoral management bodies (EMBs) have occupied, over the last two decades, the heart of discussion and practice on the critical question of effective citizen participation in the public affairs of their countries. The way in which they are established and the effectiveness of their operations have continued to preoccupy those who advocate for competitive elections, while reforms to the EMBs have taken centre stage in more general political reforms. Election Management Bodies in West Africa thus responds to the evident need for more knowledge about an institution that occupies a more and more important place in the political process in West Africa. Based on documentary research and detailed interviews in each country, the study provides a comparative analysis which highlights the similarities and differences in the structure and operations of each body, and attempts to establish the reasons for their comparative successes and failures. 04 00 Preface 1 Overview: The contribution of electoral management bodies to credible elections in West Africa Pascal Kambale A. Introduction B. Colonial legacy C. Elections and constitutional reforms D. Membership of EMBs and appointment of Electoral Commissioners E. Independence and eﬀectiveness F. Common challenges to electoral management G. Conclusion H. Recommendations 2 Benin – Mathias Hounkpe A. Summary B. Historical background C. The Autonomous National Electoral Commission (CENA) D. Funding of elections in Benin E. Electoral disputes in Benin F. Critical assessment of the CENA’s performance G. Recommendations 3 Cape Verde – Ismaila Madior Fall A. Summary B. Constitutional development, party politics and electoral history C. Election management bodies: Legal and institutional frameworks, powers and independence D. Funding of elections in Cape Verde E. Electoral disputes in Cape Verde F. A critical assessment of the performance of EMBs in Cape Verde G. Recommendations 4 Ghana – Mathias Hounkpe A. Summary B. The political development of Ghana C. The Electoral Commission (EC) D. Funding of elections in Ghana E. Electoral disputes in Ghana F. Critical evaluation of EC performance G. Recommendations 5 Nigeria – Adele Jinadu A. Summary B. Constitutional development, party politics and electoral history C. Nigeria’s electoral management body: History, structure and independence D. Funding of elections in Nigeria E. Electoral disputes in Nigeria F. Assessment of electoral governance and process in Nigeria G. Post-1999 debate on electoral governance in Nigeria H. Recommendations 6 Senegal – Ismaila Madior Fall A. Summary B. Constitutional change, party politics and electoral history C. Status, powers and functioning of EMBs D. Funding of elections in Senegal E. Electoral disputes in Senegal F. A critical assessment of electoral governance in Senegal G. Recommendations 7 Sierra Leone – Adele Jinadu A. Summary B. Historical context C. Institutional structures D. Funding of elections in Sierra Leone E. Electoral disputes in Sierra Leone F. A critical assessment of electoral governance in Sierra Leone G. Recommendations About the authors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20160523 13 15 9781920489168 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/election-management-bodies-in-west-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920489168.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:9e62575b-f650-46ed-9ac5-f3f92a495865 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9e62575b-f650-46ed-9ac5-f3f92a495865 15 9781067253745 06 10.47622/9781067253745 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Emerging Solutions for Musical Arts Education in Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-3679-5031 Anri Herbst 01 eng 00 349 03 10 MUS015000 03 00 True to the spirit of ubuntu – an individual is only a person through other people (their communities) – this publication is a reflection of the essence of an overarching sub-Saharan philosophy; the contents represents a conference where papers were not presented, but where conference participants engaged to discuss solutions for the musical arts on the African continent.While the individual voice has been given its rightful place, the collective voice represents an emergent song composed by the scholarly community in oral fashion.This publication provides insight into the problems of musical arts education in Africa; and solutions for musical arts education. 04 00 Foreword Anri Herbst Keynote address: Establishing dialogue: thoughts on music education in Africa Mogomme Masoga Part A: The collective voice Musical arts education in Africa: a philosophical discourse Anri Herbst Discussing music as science and art Meki Nzewi and MÍcheál O Sûiilleabháin Technology and the musical arts in Africa Michael Nixon Part B: The individual voice Dodo performance: an avenue for education in and through music Hellen A O Agak To 'sing the Lord’s song in a strange land': music in the education of the Kenyan child Emily Achieng’ Akuno Relative theories: an African perspective Mandy Carver Investigating musical lives in Botswana: students at the intersection of local, African and Western musics Sheelagh Chadwick The significance of minimal units and intercultural music education Rossana Dalmonte An ethnic approach to music making as a strategy for teaching African music: the need for systematic research James Flolu The distant music of the future Marjut Haussila Linking African sounds through collaborative networking Christopher Klopper Report on music technology Robert Mawuena Kwami Indigenous African music in a relocated context: a case study Robert Mawuena Kwami Indigenous music theatre of the Tsonga people of South Africa Nyiko Nelson Manganye Factors affecting music education in Zambian government schools and the community Boscow Mubita, Joyce Nyirenca, Justina Nayame, Munalula Kakanda & Arnold S Muyunda Pedagogical implications for the use of African music in developing a contextualised secondary school music education in Zambia John A Mwesa Instrumental music ensemble as a general musicianship training strategy Meki Nzewi An audiovisual approach to musical arts education in Africa: a multidisciplinary perspective series Odyke Nzewi Resources: musics of Southern Africa for education Elizabeth Oehrle Reclaiming Kenya’s popular music: a solution to a dilemma Caleb Chrispo Okumu 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120312 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/emerging-solutions-for-musical-arts-education-in-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/1920051112.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:7fcd3479-d671-48c2-b220-09365d74b429 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7fcd3479-d671-48c2-b220-09365d74b429 15 9781928502746 06 10.47622/9781928502739 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Flow FicSci 01 1 B01 21 0000-0001-9746-8766 Mehita Iqani 2 B01 21 0000-0002-4026-7872 Wamuwi Mbao 01 eng 00 96 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The practice and theory of science communication can take many forms. One of them, which this volume represents, explores what forms of knowledge might be constructed when creative writing encounters science.Working outwards from a theoretical framework that sees the sciences as discourses constructed by human endeavour through forms of language and practices of authority, this collection offers writing that emerged from a scientific encounter. It explores the relationship between creativity and scientific experiment, between the languages deployed by scientists in their experiments and analyses and the languages forged by creatives in their ongoing efforts to understand the human condition.FicSci 01 brought eleven creative writers together with a biomechanical engineer. The presented science invited creative enquiry into different aspects of flow, that physical property that is so central to research in fluid mechanics. This anthology collects the results of that encounter. 04 00 Acknowledgements 1 Notes from an Invited Scientist by Malebogo Ngoepe 2 Sizakele to the Blood Ocean by Busisiwe Mahlangu 3 Igazi Liyathetha by Vuyokazi Ngemntu 4 Abazindla: The Prologue by Fezeka Mkhabela 5 Umcimbi Wegazi by Luyolo Vukuza 6 The Form of the Fibre is Shaped by the Follicle by Jarred Thompson 7 Fix the Hair, Fix the Child by Sithembiso Khalishwayo 8 BLOOD/BRAIN/BARRIER: A Mindplay by Nicole Thackwray 9 Coagulation: A Tribute by Jarred Thompson 10 It Comes from Nowhere by Zanta Nkumane 11 Poems by Jerome Coetzee 12 Fractals by Wamuwi Mbao 13 Always in Motion by Alistair Mackay 14 Artefacts by Mika Conradie 15 Unrooted by Alistair Mackay 16 Notes on Boundary and Flow by Mehita Iqani 17 RatHeart-LoveSong by Nicole Thackwray 18 Lab rat by Jarred Thompson 19 An Interplay with Flow by Mehita Iqani and Wamuwi Mbao Biographies 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds South Africa 04 01 20230714 13 15 9781928502739 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502739.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/flow/ 99 01 urn:uuid:ff786048-0956-4434-a58f-b4af3790b97d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:ff786048-0956-4434-a58f-b4af3790b97d 15 9781920051464 06 10.47622/9781920051464 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Focus on Fresh Data on the Language of Instruction in Tanzania and South Africa 1 A01 21 0000-0001-7646-0458 Birgit Brock-Utne 2 A01 21 0000-0002-0753-1969 Zubeida Desai 3 A01 Martha Qorro 01 eng 00 279 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of abbreviations About the authors Introduction The dual-medium BA degree in English and Sesotho sa Leboa at the University of Limpopo: Successes and challenges Esther Ramani and Michael Joseph Learning through a familiar language versus learning through a foreign language – a look into some secondary school classrooms in Tanzania Birgit Brock-Utne Implications of changing the language of instruction in secondary and tertiary education in Tanzania Justinian Galabawa and Fikirini Senkoro Performance in the Primary School-leaving Examination: A comparison between Kiswahili and English George Malekela Testing students’ ability to learn through English during the transition from primary to secondary schooling Martha Qorro Reflections on the LOITASA Project in South Africa – three years later Zubeida Desai Parents’ choice of the medium of instruction in science: A case of one primary school in the Western Cape, South Africa Vuyokazi Nomlomo Democracy and language in education: reflections from a field study in the Western Cape, South Africa Heidi Biseth An interactional perspective on the language of instruction Tom Koole Language alternation as a coping strategy among teachers in South African classrooms Halla Holmarsdottir Assessment of reading ability of Grade 5 learners in English and isiXhosa Lilian Lomofsky and Sindiswa Stofile Investigating the role of study groups and mediated academic literacy events at the University of the Western Cape Felix Banda Teachers speak about the language of instruction in natural science classrooms in the Western Cape in South Africa Keith Langenhoven Accountability and loyalty – an overview of a South African ABET NGO’s ability to act Jennifer Olson 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920051464 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/focus-on-fresh-data-on-the-language-of-instruction-in-tanzania-and-south-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Focus%20on%20Fresh%20Data%20on%20the%20Language%20of%20Instruction%20Debate%20in%20Tanzania%20and%20South%20Africa.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:4c996f6e-67b1-4a56-bea9-cf2cb7145f5f 03 01 01 urn:uuid:4c996f6e-67b1-4a56-bea9-cf2cb7145f5f 15 9783110668780 06 10.1515/9783110668780 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 From Memory to Marble Vol 1 The Historical Frieze of the Voortrekker Monument, Part I: The Frieze 1 A01 Elizabeth Rankin 2 A01 Rolf Michael 01 eng 00 508 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The Voortrekker Monumentality digital archive hosted by Stanford University Libraries is based on the eight-hundred-and-four illustrations from the two-volume book From Memory to Marble: The historical frieze of the Voortrekker Monument. It includes not only images of the monument and the frieze but also many related documents and artworks. The corpus aims to promote studies of controversial monuments, with a focus on visual interpretation.For the first time the 92-metre frieze of the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria, one of the largest historical narratives in marble, has been made the subject of a book.The pictorial narrative of the Boer pioneers who conquered South Africa’s interior during the ‘Great Trek’ (1835-52) represents a crucial period of South Africa’s past. Forming the concept of the frieze both reflected on and contributed to the country’s socio-political debates in the 1930s and 1940s when it was made. The frieze is unique in that it provides rare evidence of the complex processes followed in creating a major monument.Based on unpublished documents, drawings and models, these processes are unfolded step by step, from the earliest discussions of the purpose and content of the frieze through all the stages of its design to its shipping to post-war Italy to be copied into marble and final installation in the Monument. The book examines how visual representation transforms historical memory in what it chooses to recount, and the forms in which it depicts this. It also investigates the active role the Monument played in the development of apartheid, and its place in post-apartheid heritage.This second volume expands on the first, considering each of the 27 scenes in depth, providing new insights into not only the frieze, but also South Africa’s history. 04 00 Synopsis of Part II Acknowledgements Abbreviations of key archives, documents, names Part I: The Frieze Introduction 1 Context A Great Trek? The Afrikaner cause The Monument committee Funding The site The centenary 2 Concept Early ideas Van Wouw and Moerdyk Topics for the Great Trek The role of the architect Coetzer and the frieze 3 Process The sculptors Harmony Hall Models and portraits The full-scale frieze The plaster casts The frieze in Italy Homecoming 4 Image Composition The problem of form From plaster to marble The visual narrative Iconography and ideology 5 Heritage An Afrikaner monument Destroyed or redefined? Re-branding the Monument Representations and rejoinders Epilogue Illustrations Part I Bibliography of works consulted Index of people Part I Index of places Part I 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20200213 13 15 9783110615227 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/from-memory-to-marble-part-i/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.1515/9783110668780.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:f4dc9b22-74e5-4ae8-803c-be8dd5dd529d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:f4dc9b22-74e5-4ae8-803c-be8dd5dd529d 15 9783110668780 06 10.47622/9781928502852 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 From Memory to Marble Vol 1 The Historical Frieze of the Voortrekker Monument, Part I: The Frieze 1 A01 Elizabeth Rankin 2 A01 Rolf Michael 01 eng 00 508 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 For the first time the 92-metre frieze of the Voortrekker Monument in Pretoria, one of the largest historical narratives in marble, has been made the subject of a book.The pictorial narrative of the Boer pioneers who conquered South Africa’s interior during the ‘Great Trek’ (1835-52) represents a crucial period of South Africa’s past. Forming the concept of the frieze both reflected on and contributed to the country’s socio-political debates in the 1930s and 1940s when it was made. The frieze is unique in that it provides rare evidence of the complex processes followed in creating a major monument.Based on unpublished documents, drawings and models, these processes are unfolded step by step, from the earliest discussions of the purpose and content of the frieze through all the stages of its design to its shipping to post-war Italy to be copied into marble and final installation in the Monument. The book examines how visual representation transforms historical memory in what it chooses to recount, and the forms in which it depicts this. It also investigates the active role the Monument played in the development of apartheid, and its place in post-apartheid heritage. 04 00 Synopsis of Part II Acknowledgements Abbreviations of key archives, documents, names Part I: The Frieze Introduction 1 Context A Great Trek? The Afrikaner cause The Monument committee Funding The site The centenary 2 Concept Early ideas Van Wouw and Moerdyk Topics for the Great Trek The role of the architect Coetzer and the frieze 3 Process The sculptors Harmony Hall Models and portraits The full-scale frieze The plaster casts The frieze in Italy Homecoming 4 Image Composition The problem of form From plaster to marble The visual narrative Iconography and ideology viii Contents 5 Heritage An Afrikaner monument Destroyed or redefined? Re-branding the Monument Representations and rejoinders Epilogue Illustrations Part I Bibliography of works consulted Index of people Part I Index of places Part I 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20241002 13 15 9781928502852 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502852.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/from-memory-to-marble-pb/ 99 01 urn:uuid:6647ab8b-571b-48f0-8281-fe8e40cb0f92 03 01 01 urn:uuid:6647ab8b-571b-48f0-8281-fe8e40cb0f92 15 9783110668797 06 10.1515/9783110668797 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 From Memory to Marble Vol 2 The Historical Frieze of the Voortrekker Monument, Part II: The Scenes 1 A01 Elizabeth Rankin 2 A01 Rolf Michael 01 eng 00 646 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Synopsis of Part I Acknowledgements Abbreviations of key archives, documents, names Part II: The Scenes Introduction 1 Departure from the Cape (1835–37) 2 Presentation of the Bible to Jacobus Uys (April 1837) 3 Trichardt at Soutpansberg (summer 1836 to autumn 1837) 4 Trichardt in Delagoa Bay (April 1838) 5 The Battle of Vegkop (October 1836) 6 Inauguration of Retief as governor (6 and 11 June 1837) 7 The Battle of Kapain (28–30 November 1837) 8 Negotiation with Moroka (October/November 1836) 9 Report from Retief at Blydevooruitsig (11 November 1837) 10 Debora Retief records her father’s birthday (12 November 1837) 11 Descent from the Drakensberg (late 1837) 12 The Treaty with Dingane (4 or 6 February 1838) 13 Murder of Retief and his men (6 February 1838) 14 Massacre of women and children at Bloukrans (16/17 February 1838) 15 Teresa Viglione warns camps around Bloukrans (17 February 1838) 16 Dirkie Uys defends his father (11 April 1838) 17 Marthinus Oosthuizen gallops through Zulu lines (17 February 1838) 18 Women spur men on (after 17 February 1838) 19 Arrival of Andries Pretorius (22 November 1838) 20 The Vow (9 December 1838) 21 The Battle of Blood River (16 December 1838) 22 Building the Church of the Vow (1840–43) 23 Women at Saailaer (1838?) 24 Mpande proclaimed king of the Zulu (10 February 1840) 25 Death of Dingane (February 1840) 26 Return from Natal over the Drakensberg (after 1843) 27 Sand River Convention (17 January 1852) Illustrations Part II Bibliography of works consulted Index of people Part II Index of places Part II 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20200907 13 15 9783110615241 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.1515/9783110668797.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/from-memory-to-marble-the-historical-frieze-of-the-voortrekker-monument-part-ii-the-scenes/ 99 01 urn:uuid:dd4b3266-dab2-4130-8abe-ab6d0ff66b61 03 01 01 urn:uuid:dd4b3266-dab2-4130-8abe-ab6d0ff66b61 15 9781928331704 06 10.47622/9781928331698 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Going to University The Influence of Higher Education on the Lives of Young South Africans 1 A01 Jennifer Case 2 A01 21 0000-0003-1799-3478 Delia Marshall 3 A01 21 0000-0002-1202-5999 Sioux McKenna 4 A01 21 0000-0002-6300-0206 Disaapele Mogashana 01 eng 00 176 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Around the world, more young people than ever before are attending university. Student numbers in South Africa have doubled since democracy and for many families, higher education is a route to a better future for their children. But alongside the overwhelming demand for higher education, questions about its purposes have intensified. Deliberations about the curriculum, culture and costing of public higher education abound from student activists, academics, parents, civil society and policy-makers. We know, from macro research, that South African graduates generally have good employment prospects. But little is known at a detailed level about how young people actually make use of their university experiences to craft their life courses. And even less is known about what happens to those who drop out. This accessible book brings together the rich life stories of 73 young people, six years after they began their university studies. It traces how going to university influences not only their employment options, but also nurtures the agency needed to chart their own way and to engage critically with the world around them. The book offers deep insights into the ways in which public higher education is both a private and public good, and it provides significant conclusions pertinent to anyone who works in and cares about universities. 04 00 Acknowledgements Foreword Chapter 1 Contextualising higher education Chapter 2 Navigating the undergraduate curriculum Chapter 3 Deliberations and decisions on study plans Chapter 4 The broader student experience Chapter 5 Non-completion of the first degree choice Chapter 6 Doing postgraduate studies Chapter 7 Entry to the workplace Chapter 8 The purposes of higher education References Appendix A Methodology Appendix B List of participants About the authors Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20180218 13 15 9781928331698 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/going-to-university-the-influence-of-higher-education-on-the-lives-of-young-south-africans/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331698.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:648c290c-a716-42b3-b254-e4986b869a34 03 01 01 urn:uuid:648c290c-a716-42b3-b254-e4986b869a34 15 9781920355333 06 10.47622/9781920355333 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Higher Education Financing in East and Southern Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-3337-8152 Pundy Pillay 01 eng 00 242 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This nine-country study of higher education financing in Africa includes three East African states (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda), five countries in southern Africa (Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia and South Africa), and an Indian Ocean island state (Mauritius). Higher Education Financing in East and Southern Africa explores trends in financing policies, paying particular attention to the nature and extent of public sector funding of higher education, the growth of private financing (including both household financing and the growth of private higher education institutions) and the changing mix of financing instruments that these countries are developing in response to public sector financial constraints. This unique collection of African-country case studies draws attention to the remaining challenges around the financing of higher education in Africa, but also identifies good practices, lessons and common themes. 04 00 1. Introduction Pundy Pillay 2. Botswana Happy Siphambe 3. Kenya Wycliffe Otieno 4. Lesotho Pundy Pillay 5. Mauritius Praveen Mohadeb 6. Mozambique Arlindo Chilundo 7. Namibia Jonathan Adongo 8. South Africa Pundy Pillay 9. Tanzania Johnson M Ishengoma 10. Uganda Nakanyike Musisi and Florence Mayega 11. Good practices, possible lessons and remaining challenges Pundy Pillay About the authors References 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355333 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/higher-education-financing-in-east-and-southern-africa/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/13407160372101493429.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:9c5bc436-d57f-4598-9c9d-fe1d87c5fc0a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9c5bc436-d57f-4598-9c9d-fe1d87c5fc0a 15 9781920677039 06 10.47622/9781920677039 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Higher Education in Portuguese Speaking African Countries 1 A01 21 0000-0002-2360-7118 Patrício Langa 01 eng 00 120 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 This publication is the result of a baseline study of the state of the higher education systems in the five Portuguese speaking countries in Africa (PALOP): Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and Sao Tome and Principe. The project was undertaken by an African international expert in the field of higher education studies and was fully sponsored and supported by the Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA). The report offers a historical overview of the development of higher education in PALOP from colonial times to the present. The main objective of this baseline study is to map the landscape and dynamics of change in the higher education systems of PALOP countries. It focuses on describing the latest developments of trends of expansion, financing, governance and policy reforms closely linked to the development of higher education systems in these countries. Furthermore, the study will facilitate an informed debate and the dissemination of knowledge on the role of higher education for development in Africa. 04 00 Tables Figures Acknowledgements Acronyms and abbreviations Preface Executive summary and structure Chapter one: Introduction and background Chapter two: Angola Chapter three: Cape Verde Chapter four: Guinea-Bissau Chapter five: Mozambique Chapter six: São Tomé and Príncipe Chapter seven: Conclusion Appendix 1: Building a higher education research network and advocacy for PALOP: HERANA–PALOP Appendix 2: Interviews About the author 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20141010 13 15 9781920677039 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/AM-HE-in-Lusophone-Africa-Text-and-Cover-web.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/higher-education-in-portuguese-speaking-african-countries/ 99 01 urn:uuid:2d4dcbba-057f-41df-8a4a-95581aad179d 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2d4dcbba-057f-41df-8a4a-95581aad179d 15 9781928331919 06 10.47622/9781928331902 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Higher Education Pathways South African Undergraduate Education and the Public Good 1 B01 21 0000-0001-7630-1748 Paul Ashwin 2 B01 Jennifer Case 01 eng 00 112 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 In what ways does access to undergraduate education have a transformative impact on people and societies? What conditions are required for this impact to occur? What are the pathways from an undergraduate education to the public good, including inclusive economic development?These questions have particular resonance in the South African higher education context, which is attempting to tackle the challenges of widening access and improving completion rates in in a system in which the segregations of the apartheid years are still apparent.Higher education is recognised in core legislation as having a distinctive and crucial role in building post-apartheid society. Undergraduate education is seen as central to addressing skills shortages in South Africa. It is also seen to yield significant social returns, including a consistent positive impact on societal institutions and the development of a range of capabilities that have public, as well as private, benefits.This book offers comprehensive contemporary evidence that allows for a fresh engagement with these pressing issues. 04 00 Acknowledgements Notes on contributors PART A: Setting the Scene Chapter 1 Introduction Paul Ashwin and Jennifer M. Case Chapter 2 Transformation, the state and higher education: Towards a developmental system of higher education in South Africa Rajani Naidoo and Rushil Ranchod Chapter 3 Subsidy, tuition fees and the challenge of financing higher education in South Africa Gerald Wangenge-Ouma and Vincent Carpentier Chapter 4 South African higher education, society and economy: What do we know about the relationships? Stephanie Allais Chapter 5 Understanding the role of university graduates in society: Which conception of public good? Rosemary Deem and Tristan McCowan PART B: Ways of Understanding Chapter 6 A multi-dimensional approach to fair access Melanie Walker Chapter 7 International perspectives on equality of higher education opportunities: Models and strategies for accessibility and availability Vincent Carpentier, Yann Lebeau and Jussi Välimaa Chapter 8 How higher education research using the capability approach illuminates possibilities for the transformation of individuals and society in South Africa Monica McLean Chapter 9 The conceptualisation of students’ personal transformation through their engagement in South African undergraduate education Paul Ashwin and Janja Komljenovic Chapter 10 Understanding the relationship between institutional cultures and pedagogical change Rebecca Schendel Chapter 11 The lenses we use to research student experiences Amanda Hlengwa, Sioux McKenna and Thando Njovane PART C: Situating: What we know about South African higher education Chapter 12 The rising challenge of university access for students from low-income families Langutani Masehela Chapter 13 #FeesMustFall: A media analysis of students’ voices on access to universities in South Africa Mikateko Mathebula and Talita Calitz Chapter 14 Curriculum transformation: Looking back and planning forward Suellen Shay and Thandeka Mkhize Chapter 15 Understanding student experiences through the lens of academic staff development practice and research Sherran Clarence Chapter 16 Students’ experiences of university life beyond the curriculum Philippa Kerr and Thierry Luescher Chapter 17 Post-graduation trajectories of young South Africans Jennifer M. Case, Delia Marshall and Samuel Fongwa Chapter 18 Exploring differences in South African graduate outcomes Samuel Fongwa, Delia Marshall and Jennifer M. Case Chapter 19 Destination and outcome trends for graduates from sub-Saharan African countries: Implications for South Africa Ibrahim Oanda and Siphelo Ngcwangu Chapter 20 Engineering graduates in South Africa and Brazil: A common good perspective Renato H. L. Pedrosa and Bruce Kloot PART D: Conclusion Chapter 21 What have we learned about pathways to the public good from South African undergraduate education? Paul Ashwin, Vincent Carpentier, Jennifer Case, Delia Marshall, Tristan McCowan, Sioux McKenna, Rajani Naidoo, Rebecca Schendel and Melanie Walker Index 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20181203 13 15 9781928331902 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/higher-education-pathways-south-african-undergraduate-education-and-the-public-good/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331902.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:1e229ac1-3ffc-4df9-8999-847dc14db529 03 01 01 urn:uuid:1e229ac1-3ffc-4df9-8999-847dc14db529 15 9781920355203 06 10.47622/9781920355203 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Hijab Unveiling Queer Muslim Lives 1 A01 The Inner Circle 01 eng 00 208 03 10 LCO016000 03 00 The stories are all biographies, or autobiographies, and the writing process was a therapeutic one for the authors of these powerful stories. Hopefully they will provide strength and courage to others in similar situations, not so much through a deeper understanding of those who share their stories in this collection, but rather through a process of identification with the circumstances related by these courageous story-tellers.For many years I’ve heard stories of young gay Muslims in Cape Town and abroad who’ve taken their own lives because they felt helpless in the face of societal beliefs that dictate they simply could not be Muslim and gay at the same time. These sad stories made it clear to me that action is needed – and if this anthology saves even one life, then every person who contributed to this book should hold their heads high. – Sieraaj Ahmed (Journalist)This anthology goes a long way to providing the much-needed platform for a minority grouping that for too long has been denied a right to be heard. It explores, in a very real manner, the challenges faced by ordinary folk trying assiduously to be accepted by a society that is often brutal and cruel. – Rafiek Mammon, Editor and Playwright 04 00 Foreword Introduction Gay people are people like anyone else 1. A confused state 2. Fair share of life 3. A lonely soul 4. Somalian in need 5. Living amongst the Queer 6. A secret well kept 7. Brothers 8. A road less travelled 9. Mistaken identity 10. Finding love 11. Trials in love 12. This is reality 13. Queer reflection 14. Happiness 15. Daddy’s boy 16. New beginnings 17. The dreaded flight 18. So far, so good 19. Lost 20. Cut off, but okay 21. Two heads, one tale 22. Coming out Glossary More about The Inner Circle 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355203 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/9781920355203_txt.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/hijab-unveiling-queer-muslim-lives/ 99 01 urn:uuid:23c77b44-9731-4491-8dbd-80246918b85e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:23c77b44-9731-4491-8dbd-80246918b85e 15 9781928331056 06 10.47622/9781928331049 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Knowledge for a Sustainable World A Southern African-Nordic contribution 1 B01 Tor Halvorsen 2 B01 21 0000-0002-7945-5125 Hilde Ibsen 3 B01 Vyvienne M’kumbuzi 01 eng 00 258 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 The search for answers to the issue of global sustainability has become increasingly urgent. In the context of higher education, many universities and academics are seeking new insights that can shift our dependence on ways of living that rely on the exploitation of so many and the degradation of so much of our planet. This is the vision that drives SANORD and many of the researchers and institutions within its network. Although much of the research is on a relatively small scale, the vision is steadily gaining momentum, forging dynamic collaborations and pathways to new knowledge.The contributors to this book cover a variety of subject areas and offer fresh insights about chronically under-researched parts of the world. Others document and critically reflect on innovative approaches to cross-continental teaching and research collaborations. This book will be of interest to anyone involved in the transformation of higher education or the practicalities of cross-continental and cross-disciplinary academic collaboration. The Southern African-Nordic Centre (SANORD) is a network of higher education institutions from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Botswana, Namibia, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Universities in the southern African and Nordic regions that are not yet members are encouraged to join. 04 00 Preface | Acknowledgements | Acronyms and abbreviations Introduction: The Southern African Nordic Centre and the Sustainable Development Goals: Opportunities for critical interventions Tor Halvorsen Part I: CHALLENGES 1 Disability in southern Africa: Insights into its magnitude and nature Vyvienne RP M’kumbuzi, Hellen Myezwa, Tonderai Shumba and Alice Namanja 2 Facilitating access to higher education for students with disabilities: Strategies and support services at the University of Botswana Pedzani Perci Monyatsi and OS Phibion 3 Access and equity for students with disabilities at the University of Malawi: The case of Chancellor College Elizabeth Tikondwe Kamchedzera 4 Promoting research in resource-challenged environments: The case of Malawi’s Mzuzu University Victor Mgomezulu 5 ‘The path of the mother is trodden by the daughter’: Stepping stones for entry into the middle class in South Africa Dan Darkey and Hilde Ibsen 6 Using solar energy to enhance access to ICTs in Malawi Luke Mwale 7 Software engineering in low- to middle-income countries Miroslaw Staron 8 Climate-change awareness and online media in Zimbabwe: Opportunities lost? Henri-Count Evans Part II: COLLABORATIONS 9 Culture meets culture at a distance Berith Nyqvist Cech and Lars Bergström 10 The Consortium of New Southern African Medical Schools: A new South–South–North network Quentin Eichbaum, Marius Hedimbi, Kasonde Bowa, Celso Belo, Keikantse Matlhagela, Ludo Badlangana, Peter Nyarango and Olli Vainio 11 International collaboration for pedagogical innovation: Understanding multiracial interaction through a time-geographic appraisal P Assmo and R Fox 12 Rethinking access to higher education in Malawi: Lessons from the Malawi Institute of Management’s collaborations with universities in the United Kingdom Rebecca Ward and Ida Mbendera About the contributors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town, South Africa 04 01 20151128 13 15 9781928331049 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/knowledge-for-a-sustainable-world/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331049.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:7f21dfae-676f-4108-aa00-4bc85d759ae5 03 01 01 urn:uuid:7f21dfae-676f-4108-aa00-4bc85d759ae5 15 9781928331643 06 10.47622/9781928331636 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Knowledge for Justice Critical Perspectives from Southern African-Nordic Research Partnerships 1 B01 Tor Halvorsen 2 B01 21 0000-0002-7945-5125 Hilde Ibsen 3 B01 21 0000-0001-5411-9064 Henri-Count Evans 4 B01 Sharon Penderis 01 eng 00 240 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 In this collection, an international diverse collection of scholars from the southern African and Nordic regions critically review the SDGs in relation to their own areas of expertise, while placing the process of knowledge production in the spotlight. In Part I, the contributors provide a sober assessment of the obstacles that neo-liberal hegemony presents to substantive transformation. In Part Two, lessons learned from North–South research collaborations and academic exchanges are assessed in terms of their potential to offer real alternatives. In Part III, a set of case studies supply clear and nuanced analyses of the scale of the challenges faced in ensuring that no one is left behind.This accessible and absorbing collection will be of interest to anyone interested in North–South research networks and in the contemporary debates on the role of knowledge production.The Southern African–Nordic Centre (SANORD) is a network of higher education institutions that stretches across Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Botswana, Namibia, Malawi, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Universities in the southern African and Nordic regions that are not yet members are encouraged to join. 04 00 Contents Acronyms and abbreviations Introduction Tor Halvorsen, Hilde Ibsen, Henri-Count Evans and Sharon Penderis Part I: KNOWLEDGE AND NEO-LIBERALISM 1 The Sustainable Development Goals, knowledge production and the global struggle over values Tor Halvorsen 2 The Sustainable Development Goals, the Paris Agreement and the Addis Agenda: Neo-liberalism, unequal development and the rise of a new imperialism Henri-Count Evans and Rosemary Musvipwa 3 Academic freedom and its enemies: Lessons from Sweden Jens Stilhoff Sörensen and Erik J Olsson 4 New public management as a mechanism of accumulation by dispossession: The case of a public bulk water provider in South Africa Carina van Rooyen 5 To fit or not to fit, is that the question? Global goals, basic education and theories of knowledge in South Africa and Sweden Hilde Ibsen, Sharon Penderis and Karin Bengtsson 6 Academia in the context of constraint and a performative SDG agenda: A perspective on South Africa Suriamurthee Maistry and Erlend Eidsvik Part II: NORTH–SOUTH COLLABORATION 7 Contributing to the agenda for sustainable development through North–South educational partnerships: An analysis of two Linnaeus-Palme staff–student exchanges between Sweden and South Africa Kate Rowntree and Roddy Fox 8 Preparing to build researchers’ capacity in development and community mobilisation: Towards sustainable North–South collaborations Thembinkosi E Mabila and Rachel J Singh 9 North–South research collaboration and the Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and opportunities for academics Stephen Mago 10 Education for employability: A response to industry demands Robert L Martin, Regina Krause, Martha T Namutuwa, Evgenia Mahler and Hartmut Domröse Part III: CASE STUDIES 11 Contextual factors affecting the attainment of life satisfaction among elderly people in Zambia’s North-Western province Mubiana K Sitali-Ngoma and Emmy H Mbozi 12 Home–school relations and the role of indigenous knowledge in early literacy learning: A case study from a rural school in Zambia Anne Marit Vesteraas Danbolt, Dennis Banda, Jørgen Klein and Geoffrey Tambulukani 13 Relocation of the homestead: A customary practice in the communal areas of north-central Namibia Antti Erkkilä and Nelago Indongo About the contributors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20171005 13 15 9781928331636 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331636.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/knowledge-for-justice-critical-perspectives-from-southern-african-nordic-research-partnerships/ 99 01 urn:uuid:c57aa60a-5353-4dab-8244-bf70c42b8453 03 01 01 urn:uuid:c57aa60a-5353-4dab-8244-bf70c42b8453 15 9781920677862 06 10.47622/9781920677855 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Knowledge Production and Contradictory Functions in African Higher Education 1 B01 Nico Cloete 2 B01 21 0000-0003-4275-0865 Peter Maassen 3 B01 21 0000-0002-2984-814X Tracy Bailey 01 eng 00 295 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Currently, Africa has more than half of the 20 fastest-growing economies in the world, which has contributed to what has been called the era of ‘Africa Rising’ or a ‘New Africa’. In order to further strengthen socio-economic development, African universities need to improve their ability to produce and apply knowledge in effective and relevant ways. In OECD countries there are several public and private sites for knowledge production, but in Africa the university is the only knowledge institution, and hardly any knowledge is produced outside of the university.However, the performance of African universities in knowledge production has not been impressive. It has generally been acknowledged by agencies such as the African Observatory for Science, Technology and Innovation and the World Bank, as well as leading development scholars, that African universities are lagging behind the rest of the world in their knowledge production function. There has been only weak empirical evidence on the actual performance of universities, with virtually no cross-institutional and cross-country comparative research on the factors that are responsible for the poor performance of universities in knowledge production across the continent.The crossroads African universities are facing consist of, on the one hand, a familiar path of relative decoupling between the university and its nation’s socio-economic development and, on the other hand, a path that requires far-reaching changes that could make it possible for the African university to connect much more productively to the main actors in emerging national (and in some cases regional) development and innovation networks. For the latter path to become accessible, these universities and their national authorities need research-rooted information. 04 00 List of tables, figures and appendix tables, Acronyms and abbreviations, Acknowledgements Foreword Roles of Universities and the African Context Nico Cloete and Peter Maassen Research Universities in Africa: An empirical overview of eight flagship universities Nico Cloete, Ian Bunting and Peter Maassen Assessing the Performance of African Flagship Universities Ian Bunting, Nico Cloete, Henri Li Kam Wah and Florence Nakayiwa-Mayega Research Output and International Research Cooperation in African Flagship Universities Robert Tijssen South Africa as a PhD Hub in Africa? Nico Cloete, Charles Sheppard and Tracy Bailey Faculty Perceptions of the Factors that Influence Research Productivity Gordon Musiige and Peter Maassen Academic Incentives for Knowledge Production in Africa Gerald Wangenge-Ouma, Agnes Lutomiah and Patrício Langa Functions of Science Granting Councils in Sub-Saharan Africa Johann Mouton, Jacques Gaillard and Milandré van Lill Roles of National Councils and Commissions in African Higher Education Governance Tracy Bailey University Engagement as Interconnectedness: Indicators and insights François van Schalkwyk Student Engagement and Citizenship Competences in African Universities Thierry M Luescher-Mamashela, Vincent Ssembatya, Edwina Brooks, Randall S Lange, Taabo Mugume and Samantha Richmond Managing Contradictory Functions and Related Policy Issues Nico Cloete, Peter Maassen, Ian Bunting, Tracy Bailey, Gerald Wangenge-Ouma and François van Schalkwyk About the authors List of contributors 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20150302 13 15 9781920677855 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/knowledge-production-and-contradictory-functions-in-african-higher-education/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920677855.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:2af38a03-7d63-4728-9b58-2182b140edc1 03 01 01 urn:uuid:2af38a03-7d63-4728-9b58-2182b140edc1 15 9781928331438 06 10.47622/9781928331421 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 La Jurisprudence Congolaise en Matière de Crimes de Droit International Une Analyse des Décisions des Juridictions Militaires Congolaises en Application du Statut de Rome 1 A01 21 0000-0002-5948-7760 Jacques B Mbokani 01 fre 00 404 03 10 LAW051000 10 LAW026000 10 SOC008010 03 00 En 2004, un tribunal de Mbandaka, dans la province congolaise de l’Equateur, a décidé que le statut de la Cour pénale internationale (CPI) répondait mieux que le code militaire congolais au cas qui lui était soumis. Cette décision a déclenché une avalanche d’autres décisions dans lesquelles, au cours des dix dernières années, les juges militaires à travers le pays ont systématiquement et délibérément écarté le code pénal militaire congolais auquel ils ont préféré les dispositions du Statut de Rome. L’importante jurisprudence née de ce mouvement compte parmi les expériences les plus innovantes d’application du statut de la CPI aux poursuites nationales des crimes graves.Dans quelle mesure la jurisprudence congolaise s’aligne-t-elle sur celle des tribunaux pénaux internationaux, et tout particulièrement, sur celle de la Cour pénale internationale (CPI) dont les juridictions congolaises ont directement appliqué le Statut ? Dans quelle mesure la répression des crimes graves par les tribunaux congolais respecte-t-elle les normes relatives au procès équitable des personnes accusées? Plus particulièrement, quelle est la place des victimes dans cette répression?C’est à ces questions que cette étude tente de répondre à partir de l’analyse critique d’une trentaine de décisions par lesquelles les juges congolais ont fait application directe du statut de Rome aux cas de crimes de guerre et de crimes contre l’humanité qui leur étaient déférés. 04 00 Liste des abréviations et sigles, Liste chronologique des affaires étudiées, Remerciements I. Introduction générale II. Cadre juridique : combler les lacunes du droit interne A. Les textes juridiques internationaux B. Les textes juridiques nationaux III. Pertinence des qualifications juridiques : quelle place pour les exigences contextuelles? A. Génocide B. Crimes contre l’humanité C. Crimes de guerre D. Conclusion IV. Formes de responsabilité pénale : le défi de l’individualisation des crimes de masse A. Observations préliminaires B. La responsabilité directe tirée de l’article 25 du statut de Rome C. La responsabilité du supérieur hiérarchique fondée sur l’article 28 du statut de Rome D. Principales tendances V. La fixation de la peine par les juridictions militaires congolaises : une sévérité excessive? A. Rejet de la peine de mort B. Les circonstances atténuantes C. Les circonstances aggravantes D. L’exécution des peines : reflet d’une justice de façade? VI. Le respect du droit au procès équitable : combattre le monstre sans le devenir A. Le volet pénal du droit à un procès équitable B. La phase pré-juridictionnelle C. La phase juridictionnelle D. L’après-procès E. Conclusion VII. Les victimes dans la répression des crimes en RDC : être ou ne pas être A. La victime dans le droit congolais B. Les droits procéduraux des victimes devant les juridictions militaires congolaises C. Le défi des réparations en faveur des victimes en RDC D. Conclusion VIII. Observations finales 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20170703 13 15 9781928331421 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331421.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/la-jurisprudence-congolaise-en-matiere-de-crimes-de-droit-international/ 99 01 urn:uuid:22dcba49-b477-4a20-b2f2-c9e2c1494e79 03 01 01 urn:uuid:22dcba49-b477-4a20-b2f2-c9e2c1494e79 15 9781920219055 06 10.47622/9781920219055 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Leadership and Legitimacy 2007 Transformation Audit 1 B01 Susan Brown 01 eng 00 94 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 List of tables and figures Contributors Preface Charles Villa-Vicencio Introduction Susan Brown CHAPTER 1 Economics and governance Scorecard: Economic performance Analysis The democracy paradox Ralph Mathekga Research Elements of trust Jan Hofmeyr CHAPTER 2 Employment and redress Scorecard: Labour market performance Reasearch What are the prospects for SETAs? Carmel Marock Viewpoint Qualifications system and educational transformation A SAQA perspective Briefing Employment equity Claudia Phiri Briefing Provincial institutional health indicators 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120319 13 15 9781920219055 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Leadership%20and%20Legitamacy%20-%20Transformation%20Audit%202007.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/leadership-and-legitimacy-2007-transformation-audit/ 99 01 urn:uuid:aacff20d-bc39-4fec-a1f3-6367e4d67e80 03 01 01 urn:uuid:aacff20d-bc39-4fec-a1f3-6367e4d67e80 15 9781920677909 06 10.47622/9781920677893 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Leadership and Management Case Studies in Training in Higher Education in Africa 1 B01 21 0000-0002-0339-7440 Johann Mouton 2 B01 Lauren Wildschut 00 125 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Leadership and Management: Case Studies in Training in Higher Education in Africa<break/>By Johann Mouton and Lauren Wildschut (eds)There has been a resurgence of interest in training programmes for higher education leaders and management (HELM) at African universities in recent times. Although there have been a few cases of evaluation studies of such programmes in Africa, a more systematic review of the lessons learnt through these programmes has not been done.This book aims to document and reflect on the learnings from intervention programmes at three African higher education councils. It is clear that university leaders face many leadership and management challenges. This is the starting point of the book. More specific questions that are addressed include:Have the challenges for leadership in higher education management been documented: Not only the shifts in education but the challenges and how leaders at universities have responded to them?<break/>There has been an increase in the number of interventions but little evidence of lessons learnt. What lessons have we learnt from the three training programmes?<break/>The book commences with an introduction that sets the historical context for this initiative. The remainder of the book is divided into three main parts:Part One consists of two chapters: A review of African scholarship on university leadership and management and the history and landscape of HELM training in Africa.<break/>Part Two presents the ‘documentation and lessons learnt’ from the three country initiatives.<break/>Part Three consists of two chapters: the first describes in detail the monitoring and evaluation process that ran concurrently with the implementation of the country training programmes; the second reviews the uptake and impact of these programmes.<break/>The following stakeholder groupings will find the book useful: HE councils (especially in Africa) and other bodies that are in the business of designing and implementing interventions; senior leadership and management at African universities; international donor agencies and other agencies; and evaluators and scholars in the field of higher education. 04 00 Abbreviations and acronyms Preface The authors Introduction: Origins of the project Identifying the need Trends in leadership and governance on the continent Trends in university governance worldwide Rationale and selection of grantees: Higher education national councils Part One: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES Chapter 1: A review of the scholarship on HELM training in Africa 1.1 Introduction 1.2 State of higher education in Africa 1.3 Access and participation 1.4 Financing higher education in Africa 1.5 Leadership and management challenges of HE in Africa 1.6 Governance of HEIs in Africa 1.7 Academic freedom and university autonomy 1.8 Leadership behaviour and style in HEIs 1.9 Leadership and gender 1.10 Strategic planning in HEIs 1.11 Managing quality 1.12 Institutional transformation and reform 1.13 Employability of university graduates 1.14 Conclusion Chapter 2: The context of HELM training in Africa 2.1 Background 2.2 Leadership and management courses: The early days 2.3 Leadership training programmes at the AAU: Senior University Management 2.4 LEDEV – leadership development workshops 2.5 MADEV – management development workshops 2.6 Country-specific programmes 2.7 New initiatives 2.8 Concluding comments Part Two: COUNTRY CASE STUDIES Chapter 3: Tanzania 3.1 Introduction: Background 3.2 Needs assessment for HELM training in Tanzania 3.3 Identification and selection of target groups 3.4 Training model and mode of delivery 3.5 Identified areas for training 3.6 Uptake and impact of the TCU programme 3.7 Conclusions Chapter 4: Uganda 4.1 Introduction: Background 4.2 Needs assessment for HELM training in Uganda 4.3 Identification and selection of target groups 4.4 Identification of areas for training 4.5 Uptake and impact 4.6 Conclusions Chapter 5: Ghana 5.1 Overview of tertiary education system in Ghana 5.2 Needs assessment for HELM training in Ghana 5.3 Designing the Senior Academic Leadership Training (SALT) programme 5.4 Selection of modules and module writers 5.5 Training methodology 5.6 Uptake and impact 5.7 Conclusions PART THREE: MONITORING AND EVALUATION Chapter 6: An evaluation framework 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Evaluation focus 6.3 Evaluability assessment steps 6.4 Process evaluation 6.5 Summative evaluation 6.6 Conclusions and lessons learnt Chapter 7: Knowledge exchange 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Training uptake and use of knowledge 7.3 Are the HELM training programmes sustainable? 7.4 Conclusion Appendix A: AAU Research Paper Series Appendix B: Questionnaire for online survey Appendix C: Sample training framework Appendix D: Checklist for a cohesive training programme Appendix E: Sample checklist for reviewing training materials 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20150517 13 15 9781920677893 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781920677893.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/leadership-and-management-case-studies-in-training-in-higher-education-in-africa/ 99 01 urn:uuid:fea4c10a-6c14-4195-8b5d-c05fc389cc9f 03 01 01 urn:uuid:fea4c10a-6c14-4195-8b5d-c05fc389cc9f 15 9781067253721 06 10.47622/9781067253714 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Linking Education and the Local Economy Intermediaries in a Furniture Ecosystem 1 A01 21 0000-0002-1149-7556 André Kraak 01 eng 00 191 03 10 EDU032000 10 BUS070040 10 BUS092000 03 00 Linking Education and the Local Economy examines the collapse of linkages between South Africa’s post-school education and training system and the declining furniture industry. Using a case study approach, it explores reasons behind the erosion of the sector’s competitiveness. The book shows how intermediaries – organisations or individuals bridging gaps between fi rms, education providers and government – could revitalise the industry by fostering collaboration, knowledge exchange and innovation.The book contends that South Africa’s furniture industry, once thriving, has suffered due to global competition, neoliberal policies and employer disengagement from public education systems which are viewed as outdated and bureaucratic. The absence of intermediaries exacerbates these challenges, leaving fi rms isolated and innovation stagnant. While the literature highlights intermediaries as key to strengthening innovation ecosystems, South Africa’s ‘ruggedly individualistic’ business culture and state inefficiencies hinder their effectiveness. The book proposes that structured intermediation – ranging from basic networking to advanced systemic coordination – could rebuild these linkages.Most innovation research focuses on high-tech sectors and radical innovation; this book shifts attention to traditional industries reliant on incremental innovation and tacit knowledge. It proposes a novel framework of intermediation, offering a roadmap for policymakers. Any such roadmap requires sectoral differentiation, rejecting one-size-fits-all policies. In addition, there is a need for state capability-building (enhancing public-sector intermediation skills), firm engagement (encouraging large fi rms to share knowledge and small fi rms to embrace collective learning), and reforming intermediaries (shifting from bureaucratic compliance to dynamic, network-driven roles).The insights provided by Linking Education and the Local Economy is of interest to academics and researchers, particularly those in innovation studies, industrial policy, vocational education, and development economics; policymakers, notably government officials drafting industrial and skills development strategies and policies; and industry stakeholders, including business associations, education providers, and intermediaries seeking practical solutions for sectoral renewal. Intermediation, though underutilised in South Africa, holds promise for reconnecting education systems with industry. The empirical and theoretical insights set out in this book offer a blueprint for revitalising not only furniture but other traditional sectors facing similar crises. 04 00 CHAPTER ONE Introduction CHAPTER TWO Conceptual framework for understanding local economies and their linkages to education and training CHAPTER THREE A theory of intermediation CHAPTER FOUR Racial capitalism and the rise and fall of segregated linkages between the education system and economy CHAPTER FIVE Furniture production: Global trends and local governance dynamics CHAPTER SIX The state of design and digital capabilities in a weak local innovation system CHAPTER SEVEN Clustering, collective efficiency and intermediation in the furniture local innovation and production system (LIPS) CHAPTER EIGHT Building education-industry linkages in the furniture LIPS: The role of intermediary organisations CHAPTER NINE Reimagining the LIPS: Intermediation and ecosystem strategies for the renewal of the Southern Cape furniture industry 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20250624 13 15 9781067253714 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/linking-education-economy/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Kraak-Linkages-Edn-Industry-TEXT-23-June-2025-WEB.pdf 99 01 urn:uuid:6132ef79-a105-4ad3-87da-122716431a5f 03 01 01 urn:uuid:6132ef79-a105-4ad3-87da-122716431a5f 15 9781920355449 06 10.47622/9781920355449 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Linking Higher Education and Economic Development Implications For Africa From Three Successful Systems 1 A01 21 0000-0002-3337-8152 Pundy Pillay 01 eng 00 100 03 10 SOC008010 04 00 Contents List of tables and boxes List of acronyms and abbreviations Preamble Acknowledgements CHAPTER 1: SYNTHESIS Introduction Synthesis of the Finland case study Synthesis of the South Korea case study Synthesis of the North Carolina case study The role of higher education in economic development Common threads and differences Some possible implications for African countries CHAPTER 2: FINLAND Education and the economy The higher education system Research and development The regional role of higher education Higher education and the innovation system Higher education–industry linkages Higher education and quality Higher education–labour market linkages Financing higher education Recent changes in the Finnish system Concluding observations and implications for African countries CHAPTER 3: NORTH CAROLINA The higher education system The North Carolina Community College System University–industry linkages: The case of NCSU Identifying future challenges in higher education: The UNC Tomorrow Commission Concluding observations and implications for African countries CHAPTER 4: SOUTH KOREA South Korean economic development Education and economic development Education financing The higher education system Higher education challenges University–industry linkages Concluding observations and implications for African countries References Appendix 1: List of interviewees Appendix 2: Recommendations of the UNC Tomorrow Commission 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20120528 13 15 9781920355449 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title http://www.africanminds.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/134071564355849885.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/linking-higher-education-and-economic-development/ 99 01 urn:uuid:478977bb-1034-497e-b3ad-c797d3e9e4ed 03 01 01 urn:uuid:478977bb-1034-497e-b3ad-c797d3e9e4ed 15 9781928502401 06 10.47622/9781928502395 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Low-Income Students, Human Development and Higher Education in South Africa Opportunities, Obstacles and Outcomes 1 A01 21 0000-0002-7859-6380 Melanie Walker 2 A01 21 0000-0003-0390-4665 Monica McLean 3 A01 21 0000-0001-5677-9293 Mikateko Mathebula 4 A01 Patience Mukwambo 01 eng 00 121 03 20 education 10 SOC008010 20 higher education 03 00 This book explores learning outcomes for low-income rural and township youth at five South African universities. The book is framed as a contribution to southern and Africa-centred scholarship, adapting Amartya Sen’s capability approach and a framework of key concepts: capabilities, functionings, context, conversion factors, poverty and agency to investigate opportunities and obstacles to achieved student outcomes. This approach allows a reimagining of ‘inclusive learning outcomes’ to encompass the multi-dimensional value of a university education and a plurality of valued cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes for students from low-income backgrounds whose experiences are strongly shaped by hardship.Based on capability theorising and student voices, the book proposes for policy and practice a set of contextual higher education capability domains and corresponding functionings orientated to more justice and more equality for each person to have the opportunities to be and to do what they have reason to value. The book concludes that sufficient material resources are necessary to get into university and flourish while there; the benefits of a university education should be rich and multi-dimensional so that they can result in functionings in all areas of life as well as work and future study; the inequalities and exclusion of the labour market and pathways to further study must be addressed by wider economic and social policies for ‘inclusive learning outcomes’ to be meaningful; and that universities ought to be doing more to enable black working-class students to participate and succeed.Low-Income Students, Human Development and Higher Education in South Africa makes an original contribution to capabilitarian scholarship: conceptually in theorising a South-based multi-dimensional student well-being higher education matrix and a rich reconceptualisation of learning outcomes, as well as empirically by conducting rigorous, longitudinal in-depth mixed-methods research on students’ lives and experiences in higher education in South Africa. The audience for the book includes higher education researchers, international capabilitarian scholars, practitioners and policy-makers. 04 00 CHAPTER 1 Raising ‘learning outcomes’ for inclusive higher education: The Miratho Project CHAPTER 2 Capabilities and functionings: Reconceptualising learning outcomes CHAPTER 3 A challenging context and intersectional conversion factors CHAPTER 4 The Miratho Capabilitarian Matrix: Evaluating individual achievements and institutional arrangements CHAPTER 5 Opportunities and obstacles in achieving higher education access CHAPTER 6 Possibilities for student transformation through capability-enhancing university participation CHAPTER 7 Pathways for moving on from university CHAPTER 8 Five students’ life histories: Conversion factors, functionings and inequality CHAPTER 9 Access, participation and moving on for low-income youth 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20220501 13 15 9781928502395 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502395.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/low-income-students/ 99 01 urn:uuid:9e8d5e6f-e9ea-473e-86e0-43db74de7e0a 03 01 01 urn:uuid:9e8d5e6f-e9ea-473e-86e0-43db74de7e0a 15 9781928331285 06 10.47622/9781928331278 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Moçambique Como Lugar de Interrogação A Modernidade em Elísio Macamo e Severino Ngoenha 1 A01 Paula Sophia Branco de Lima 01 por 00 106 03 10 SOC008010 03 00 Moçambique como lugar de interrogação: a modernidade em Elísio Macamo e Severino Ngoenha é uma tentativa de procurar respostas para algumas questões que se apresentam quando pensamos dentro do escopo da ciência moderna a partir das periferias globais. Como fazer ciência sociais ignorando a historicidade destas disciplinas e os sentidos que incorporaram desde o seu surgimento e ao longo do processo de exploração colonial? O livro não pretende negar a possibilidade de desenvolvermos ciência de forma crítica a partir dos nossos lugares de fala ou tampouco negar a importância desta produção em nossos contextos. Pelo contrário, nos desafia a refletir sobre caminhos para esse pensar crítico e assume que do nosso lugar de fala, é fulcral que comecemos por interrogar alguns pressuspostos. Por isso, o nosso lugar é um excelente lugar para levantar velhos e novos questionamentos. O conceito de modernidade é exemplar para o tensionamento destas questões, porque traz à tona a dicotomia que historicamente separou colonizadores e colonizados, que é a dicotomia civilizado-selvagem, moderno-tradicional. Por detrás dele está a negociação da nossa igualdade. Refletí-lo, por isso, é uma forma de desconstruir roupagens que nunca nos couberam. O passeio através das obras de Elísio Macamo e Severino Ngoenha, autores de grande importância no pensamento social moçambicano, é uma forma de buscar algumas respostas para estas questões.A perspicácia e fecundidade com as quais os autores se debruçam sobre a complexa relação que o continente africano estabelece com a modernidade é uma bela porta de entrada para refletirmos sobre o nosso lugar numa rede mais ampla de produção de conhecimento. Moçambique como lugar de interrogação: a modernidade em Elísio Macamo e Severino Ngoenha não é de forma alguma conclusivo, é uma busca. Mergulhar no pensamento destes autores é um convite para pensarmos nossos horizontes. 04 00 Agradecimentos Prefácio 1 Introdução 2 De “objectos” a “sujeitos” do conhecimento 3 Moçambique como lugar de fala 4 Interrogando a modernidade 5 Considerações finais Bibliografia 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20160503 13 15 9781928331278 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928331278.pdf 99 01 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/mocambique-como-lugar-de-interrogacao-a-modernidade/ 99 01 urn:uuid:d1cb6e25-30d8-4597-9125-996e167eae2e 03 01 01 urn:uuid:d1cb6e25-30d8-4597-9125-996e167eae2e 15 9781928502937 06 10.47622/9781928502920 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons License 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 01 01 Night-sky Vol. 2 1 B01 21 0000-0001-9746-8766 Mehita Iqani 2 B01 21 0000-0002-4026-7872 Wamuwi Mbao 01 eng 00 131 03 10 SCI063000 04 00 Acknowledgements 0 Three Provocations and a Tweet by Tana Joseph 1 N//N; D//D by Maneo Mohale 2 Extragalactic Interruption by Yolanda Mbelle 3 Lost and Found by Alicia English 4 The Dark Heart of Everything by Wamuwi Mbao 5 Exchanges Unwritten and Unknown by Eduardo Cachucho 6 Three Poems by Mathapelo Mofokeng 7 Sky Counsel by memory’s daughter 8 UMakhwezana by Peggy Tunyiswa 9 Four Poems by Melissa Sussens 10 Planisphærium Coeleste by Skye Ayla Mallac 11 Look Up! Don’t Look Up! by Mehita Iqani 12 Forethought of Grief by Sarah Uheida 13 The Supernova Formula by Mzwakhe Xulu 14 Africatown by Shamin Chibba 15 As Above, So Below: Outroductory Reflections on FicSci by Wamuwi Mbao and Mehita Iqani Biographies 20 00 Open Access African Minds 01 African Minds Cape Town 04 01 20240814 13 15 9781928502920 09 African Minds 02 Publisher's website: web shop https://www.africanminds.co.za/night-sky/ 99 01 09 African Minds 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://books.africanminds.co.za/10.47622/9781928502920.pdf 99 01