Thoth distribution@thoth.pub 20260401T163627

urn:uuid:773344da-594c-46d6-8699-6d6f715a2583 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:751db0de-b500-44da-8866-a976f149a716 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:773344da-594c-46d6-8699-6d6f715a2583 15 9789633864159 03 9789633864159 06 10.7829/9789633864166 00 BB 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Constructing Identities over Time “Bad Gypsies” and “Good Roma” in Russia and Hungary 1 A01 Jekatyerina Dunajeva Jekatyerina Dunajeva Jekatyerina Dunajeva is Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest. 01 eng 00 240 03 11 4 93 JBSL 12 JFSL 10 SOC008060 12 HBTB 10 HIS032000 93 NHTB 10 HIS054000 10 HIS010010 20 minorities, stereotypes, education, nation-building, identity formation, korenization, nativization 01 06 02 00 03 00 Jekatyerina Dunajeva explores how two dominant stereotypes—“bad Gypsies” and “good Roma”—took hold in formal and informal educational institutions in Russia and Hungary. She shows that over centuries “Gypsies” came to be associated with criminality, lack of education, and backwardness. The second notion, of proud, empowered, and educated “Roma,” is a more recent development.By identifying five historical phases—pre-modern, early-modern, early and “ripe” communism, and neomodern nation-building—the book captures crucial legacies that deepen social divisions and normalize the constructed group images. The analysis of the state-managed Roma identity project in the brief korenizatsija program for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the Soviet civil service in the 1920s is particularly revealing, while the critique of contemporary endeavors is a valuable resource for policy makers and civic activists alike.The top-down view is complemented with the bottom-up attention to everyday Roma voices. Personal stories reveal how identities operate in daily life, as Dunajeva brings out hidden narratives and subaltern discourse. Her handling of fieldwork and self-reflexivity is a model of sensitive research with vulnerable groups. 30 00 Jekatyerina Dunajeva explores how two dominant stereotypes—“bad Gypsies” and “good Roma”—took hold in formal and informal educational institutions in Russia and Hungary. She shows that over centuries “Gypsies” came to be associated with criminality, lack of education, and backwardness. The second notion, of proud, empowered, and educated “Roma,” is a more recent development.By identifying five historical phases—pre-modern, early-modern, early and “ripe” communism, and neomodern nation-building—the book captures crucial legacies that deepen social divisions and normalize the constructed group images. The analysis of the state-managed Roma identity project in the brief korenizatsija program for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the Soviet civil service in the 1920s is particularly revealing, while the critique of contemporary endeavors is a valuable resource for policy makers and civic activists alike.The top-down view is complemented with the bottom-up attention to everyday Roma voices. Personal stories reveal how identities operate in daily life, as Dunajeva brings out hidden narratives and subaltern discourse. Her handling of fieldwork and self-reflexivity is a model of sensitive research with vulnerable groups. 04 00 Acknowledgments Part I. Introduction Chapter 1: Author's Purpose Personal Note Roma and Romani Studies Notes on Methodology Structure and Subject of the Book Chapter 2: Theories and Concepts—State, Nation, and Identity Homogenization Efforts during State and Nation Building Managing the Population and Classifying Identities Comparative and Historical Study Roma in Hungary and Russia throughout Time Part II. Bad Gypsies and Good Roma in Historical Perspective Chapter 3: Early Nation and State Building in Empires Early State and Nation Building: Control over the “Other” Enduring “Backwardness” Chapter 4: The End of Empires The End of Empires: World War One and the 1917 Revolution Soviet Nativization Policies in the 1920s and ’30s Hungary after the Treaty of Trianon A Note on the Holocaust Chapter 5: State Socialism (1945–1989) Assimilationist Campaigns Political Education in State-Socialist Schools Categorization of Roma: Legacies of Socialist Identity Politics and Critical Voices Part III. Contemporary Identity Formation Chapter 6: Fieldwork Fieldwork and Positionality Ethnography: Ethics, Reflexivity, and Positionality Chapter 7: "Bad Gypsies"—Negotiation of Identities in Primary Schools Neo-Modern State Building: National Revival and Patriotic Youth 'Bad Gypsies' in Segregated Schools Disciplining 'Bad Gypsies' in Classrooms Reproducing and Contesting Stereotypes Chapter 8: Making Good Roma from Bad Gypsies Contemporary Antigypsyism Pro-Roma Civil Society’s Roots, Goals, and Projects Negotiation of Identity and Non-state Actors Chapter 9: Negotiating Identity Identity Struggles Identity and Belonging Kinship and Community Part IV. Concluding Remarks Chapter 10: Summary and Best Practices References Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/94681/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/cc01778c-2b56-4954-b5d8-9598e80d495b 16 Opening the Future Hungary 04 01 20211208 Jekatyerina Dunajeva 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633864166 03 9789633864166 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/cc01778c-2b56-4954-b5d8-9598e80d495b 20 08 20211208 01 urn:uuid:b5ae5225-6db4-4539-891d-67261ae355e9 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:751db0de-b500-44da-8866-a976f149a716 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:b5ae5225-6db4-4539-891d-67261ae355e9 15 9789633864166 03 9789633864166 06 10.7829/9789633864166 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Constructing Identities over Time “Bad Gypsies” and “Good Roma” in Russia and Hungary 1 A01 Jekatyerina Dunajeva Jekatyerina Dunajeva Jekatyerina Dunajeva is Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest. 01 eng 00 240 03 11 4 93 JBSL 12 JFSL 10 SOC008060 12 HBTB 10 HIS032000 93 NHTB 10 HIS054000 10 HIS010010 20 minorities, stereotypes, education, nation-building, identity formation, korenization, nativization 01 06 02 00 03 00 Jekatyerina Dunajeva explores how two dominant stereotypes—“bad Gypsies” and “good Roma”—took hold in formal and informal educational institutions in Russia and Hungary. She shows that over centuries “Gypsies” came to be associated with criminality, lack of education, and backwardness. The second notion, of proud, empowered, and educated “Roma,” is a more recent development.By identifying five historical phases—pre-modern, early-modern, early and “ripe” communism, and neomodern nation-building—the book captures crucial legacies that deepen social divisions and normalize the constructed group images. The analysis of the state-managed Roma identity project in the brief korenizatsija program for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the Soviet civil service in the 1920s is particularly revealing, while the critique of contemporary endeavors is a valuable resource for policy makers and civic activists alike.The top-down view is complemented with the bottom-up attention to everyday Roma voices. Personal stories reveal how identities operate in daily life, as Dunajeva brings out hidden narratives and subaltern discourse. Her handling of fieldwork and self-reflexivity is a model of sensitive research with vulnerable groups. 30 00 Jekatyerina Dunajeva explores how two dominant stereotypes—“bad Gypsies” and “good Roma”—took hold in formal and informal educational institutions in Russia and Hungary. She shows that over centuries “Gypsies” came to be associated with criminality, lack of education, and backwardness. The second notion, of proud, empowered, and educated “Roma,” is a more recent development.By identifying five historical phases—pre-modern, early-modern, early and “ripe” communism, and neomodern nation-building—the book captures crucial legacies that deepen social divisions and normalize the constructed group images. The analysis of the state-managed Roma identity project in the brief korenizatsija program for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the Soviet civil service in the 1920s is particularly revealing, while the critique of contemporary endeavors is a valuable resource for policy makers and civic activists alike.The top-down view is complemented with the bottom-up attention to everyday Roma voices. Personal stories reveal how identities operate in daily life, as Dunajeva brings out hidden narratives and subaltern discourse. Her handling of fieldwork and self-reflexivity is a model of sensitive research with vulnerable groups. 04 00 Acknowledgments Part I. Introduction Chapter 1: Author's Purpose Personal Note Roma and Romani Studies Notes on Methodology Structure and Subject of the Book Chapter 2: Theories and Concepts—State, Nation, and Identity Homogenization Efforts during State and Nation Building Managing the Population and Classifying Identities Comparative and Historical Study Roma in Hungary and Russia throughout Time Part II. Bad Gypsies and Good Roma in Historical Perspective Chapter 3: Early Nation and State Building in Empires Early State and Nation Building: Control over the “Other” Enduring “Backwardness” Chapter 4: The End of Empires The End of Empires: World War One and the 1917 Revolution Soviet Nativization Policies in the 1920s and ’30s Hungary after the Treaty of Trianon A Note on the Holocaust Chapter 5: State Socialism (1945–1989) Assimilationist Campaigns Political Education in State-Socialist Schools Categorization of Roma: Legacies of Socialist Identity Politics and Critical Voices Part III. Contemporary Identity Formation Chapter 6: Fieldwork Fieldwork and Positionality Ethnography: Ethics, Reflexivity, and Positionality Chapter 7: "Bad Gypsies"—Negotiation of Identities in Primary Schools Neo-Modern State Building: National Revival and Patriotic Youth 'Bad Gypsies' in Segregated Schools Disciplining 'Bad Gypsies' in Classrooms Reproducing and Contesting Stereotypes Chapter 8: Making Good Roma from Bad Gypsies Contemporary Antigypsyism Pro-Roma Civil Society’s Roots, Goals, and Projects Negotiation of Identity and Non-state Actors Chapter 9: Negotiating Identity Identity Struggles Identity and Belonging Kinship and Community Part IV. Concluding Remarks Chapter 10: Summary and Best Practices References Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/94681/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/cc01778c-2b56-4954-b5d8-9598e80d495b 16 Opening the Future Hungary 04 01 20211208 Jekatyerina Dunajeva 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633864159 03 9789633864159 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/cc01778c-2b56-4954-b5d8-9598e80d495b 20 08 20211208 01 urn:uuid:f25c6b54-ba30-4238-839a-2bf6b3422f00 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:35b1abfa-f786-48e7-9b06-193bbfacb563 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:f25c6b54-ba30-4238-839a-2bf6b3422f00 15 9789633863763 03 9789633863763 06 10.7829/9789633863770 00 BB 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Everyday Life under Communism and After Lifestyle and Consumption in Hungary, 1945–2000 1 A01 Tibor Valuch Tibor Valuch research chair at the Center for Social Sciences 40 0492k9x16 Centre for Social Sciences professor at the Institute of History 40 004gfgx38 Eszterházy Károly College Tibor Valuch is a social historian and research chair at the Center for Social Sciences, Institute of Political Science, Budapest. He is also professor at the Institute of History, Eszterházy Károly University, Eger. 01 eng 00 510 03 11 17 01 06 02 00 03 00 By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives. 30 00 By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives. 04 00 List of Figures List of Tables List of Acronyms Introduction Chapter One: The Study of Hungarian Everyday Life: Historiography, Methods, and Concepts About the sources used for this volume The concept of daily life, correlations between lifestyle and changes in society Chapter Two: Two Hundred Pengős a Month, Five Hundred Forints, Two Thousand Forints…: Financial Circumstances, Prices, Wages, and Income Inequalities in Everyday Life National revenue, real wages, and changes in the standard of living Wages, prices, inequalities Unchanging and changing forms of poverty Accumulating property and wealth Chapter Three: From Plentiful Privation to a Consumer Society: The Changes and Characteristics of Consumer Consumption Consumption and consumer attitudes The corner store, the supermarket, and the shopping center: Changes in the locations of consumer consumption Homes, home construction, furnishings, and durable goods Clothing and the consumption of apparel The consumption and supply of foodstuffs Chapter Four: This Is How We Lived: Housing Conditions, Usage of Living Space, and Interior Decoration The general characteristics determining housing and the state of urban housing Village houses, village dwellings For those without a home: apartments for rent, beds to let, and work dormitories Living in dire straits—slums, shantytowns, and ghettos The general characteristics of changes in home interiors Working-class and middle-class homes Rural and peasant interiors The interior world of Soviet-type housing estates Summer and weekend homes Chapter Five: “Well-dressed and Fashionable”: Changes in Clothing Styles, Habits, and Fashion Need and puritanism: rural and urban styles of dress in the mid-twentieth century Fashion and dressing habits during the state socialist period: changes in norms for everyday and formal occasions Up-to-date fashion and the re-differentiation of apparel at the end of the century Chapter Six: “We Ate, We Drank, We Filled Our Stomachs”: Nutrition, Eating, and Dietary Habits The general characteristics of eating habits From starvation to “goulash communism” The years of “feeling full” Abundance and shortages after the fall of the Iron Curtain Conclusions Appendix Bibliography Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/94010/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/8c12c879-5c4b-447e-8ca7-f6b7dced0f9e 16 40 02zx40v98 32 10.13039/501100006061 Central European University 01 programname CEUP Press - Opening the Future 04 01 20220118 author 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633863770 03 9789633863770 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/8c12c879-5c4b-447e-8ca7-f6b7dced0f9e 20 08 20220118 01 urn:uuid:cfdb3e09-585c-48a2-a07f-1f7c7341d107 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:35b1abfa-f786-48e7-9b06-193bbfacb563 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:cfdb3e09-585c-48a2-a07f-1f7c7341d107 15 9789633863770 03 9789633863770 06 10.7829/9789633863770 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Everyday Life under Communism and After Lifestyle and Consumption in Hungary, 1945–2000 1 A01 Tibor Valuch Tibor Valuch research chair at the Center for Social Sciences 40 0492k9x16 Centre for Social Sciences professor at the Institute of History 40 004gfgx38 Eszterházy Károly College Tibor Valuch is a social historian and research chair at the Center for Social Sciences, Institute of Political Science, Budapest. He is also professor at the Institute of History, Eszterházy Károly University, Eger. 01 eng 00 510 03 11 17 01 06 02 00 03 00 By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives. 30 00 By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives. 04 00 List of Figures List of Tables List of Acronyms Introduction Chapter One: The Study of Hungarian Everyday Life: Historiography, Methods, and Concepts About the sources used for this volume The concept of daily life, correlations between lifestyle and changes in society Chapter Two: Two Hundred Pengős a Month, Five Hundred Forints, Two Thousand Forints…: Financial Circumstances, Prices, Wages, and Income Inequalities in Everyday Life National revenue, real wages, and changes in the standard of living Wages, prices, inequalities Unchanging and changing forms of poverty Accumulating property and wealth Chapter Three: From Plentiful Privation to a Consumer Society: The Changes and Characteristics of Consumer Consumption Consumption and consumer attitudes The corner store, the supermarket, and the shopping center: Changes in the locations of consumer consumption Homes, home construction, furnishings, and durable goods Clothing and the consumption of apparel The consumption and supply of foodstuffs Chapter Four: This Is How We Lived: Housing Conditions, Usage of Living Space, and Interior Decoration The general characteristics determining housing and the state of urban housing Village houses, village dwellings For those without a home: apartments for rent, beds to let, and work dormitories Living in dire straits—slums, shantytowns, and ghettos The general characteristics of changes in home interiors Working-class and middle-class homes Rural and peasant interiors The interior world of Soviet-type housing estates Summer and weekend homes Chapter Five: “Well-dressed and Fashionable”: Changes in Clothing Styles, Habits, and Fashion Need and puritanism: rural and urban styles of dress in the mid-twentieth century Fashion and dressing habits during the state socialist period: changes in norms for everyday and formal occasions Up-to-date fashion and the re-differentiation of apparel at the end of the century Chapter Six: “We Ate, We Drank, We Filled Our Stomachs”: Nutrition, Eating, and Dietary Habits The general characteristics of eating habits From starvation to “goulash communism” The years of “feeling full” Abundance and shortages after the fall of the Iron Curtain Conclusions Appendix Bibliography Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/94010/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/8c12c879-5c4b-447e-8ca7-f6b7dced0f9e 16 40 02zx40v98 32 10.13039/501100006061 Central European University 01 programname CEUP Press - Opening the Future 04 01 20220118 author 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633863763 03 9789633863763 WORLD 11 PROJECT_MUSE 36 PROJECT_MUSE: webpage for this product https://muse.jhu.edu/book/94010 29 PROJECT_MUSE: download the title https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/234/oa_monograph/book/94010/pdf 20 08 20220118 01 11 OAPEN 36 OAPEN: webpage for this product https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52581 29 OAPEN: download the title https://library.oapen.org/viewer/web/viewer.html?file=/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/52581/9789633863770.pdf 20 08 20220118 01 11 JSTOR 36 JSTOR: webpage for this product https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7829/j.ctv1c3pddz 29 JSTOR: download the title https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7829/j.ctv1c3pddz 20 08 20220118 01 11 Unknown 36 Unspecified hosting platform: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/8c12c879-5c4b-447e-8ca7-f6b7dced0f9e 29 Unspecified hosting platform: download the title https://library.biblioboard.com/ext/api/media/8c12c879-5c4b-447e-8ca7-f6b7dced0f9e/assets/external_content.pdf?bibauth=9513aae2-bbff-4b85-89db-c7391d659925 20 08 20220118 01 11 Unknown 36 Unspecified hosting platform: webpage for this product https://lccn.loc.gov/2021758579 29 Unspecified hosting platform: download the title https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/gdc/gdcebookspublic/20/21/75/85/79/2021758579/2021758579.pdf 20 08 20220118 01 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9789633863770/html 29 Publisher's website: download the title https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9789633863770/pdf?licenseType=open-access 20 08 20220118 01 urn:uuid:3ae9242c-ec57-4851-992b-acb3c799db3b 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:854efff3-6b60-4ade-b39c-4ea0693bc80c 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:3ae9242c-ec57-4851-992b-acb3c799db3b 15 9789633864395 03 9789633864395 06 10.7829/9789633864401 13 2021039476 00 BB 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Staged Otherness Ethnic Shows in Central and Eastern Europe, 1850–1939 1 B01 21 0000000239770294 Dagnosław Demski Dagnosław Demski associate professor Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences Dagnosław Demski is an associate professor at the Centre for Ethnology and Contemporary Anthropology at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. 2 B01 Dominika Czarnecka Dominika Czarnecka assistant professor Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences Dominika Czarnecka is an assistant professor at the Centre for Ethnology and Contemporary Anthropology at the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. 01 eng 00 460 03 09 97 12 JHMC 93 JHMC 10 SOC002010 20 differences; social history; human zoo; exotic; mass entertainment, modernity; Völkerschauen 01 06 02 00 03 00 The cultural phenomenon of exhibiting non-European people in front of the European audiences in the 19th and 20th century was concentrated in the metropolises in the western part of the continent. Nevertheless, traveling ethnic troupes and temporary exhibitions of non-European humans took place also in territories located to the east of the Oder river and Austria. The contributors to this edited volume present practices of ethnographic shows in Russia, Poland, Czechia, Slovenia, Hungary, Germany, Romania, and Austria and discuss the reactions of local audiences. The essays offer critical arguments to rethink narratives of cultural encounters in the context of ethnic shows. By demonstrating the many ways in which the western models and customs were reshaped, developed, and contested in Central and Eastern European contexts, the authors argue that the dominant way of characterizing these performances as “human zoos” is too narrow.The contributors had to tackle the difficult task of finding traces other than faint copies of official press releases by the tour organizers. The original source material was drawn from local archives, museums, and newspapers of the discussed period. A unique feature of the volume is the rich amount of images that complement every single case study of ethnic shows. 30 00 The cultural phenomenon of exhibiting non-European people in front of the European audiences in the 19th and 20th century was concentrated in the metropolises in the western part of the continent. Nevertheless, traveling ethnic troupes and temporary exhibitions of non-European humans took place also in territories located to the east of the Oder river and Austria. The contributors to this edited volume present practices of ethnographic shows in Russia, Poland, Czechia, Slovenia, Hungary, Germany, Romania, and Austria and discuss the reactions of local audiences. The essays offer critical arguments to rethink narratives of cultural encounters in the context of ethnic shows. By demonstrating the many ways in which the western models and customs were reshaped, developed, and contested in Central and Eastern European contexts, the authors argue that the dominant way of characterizing these performances as “human zoos” is too narrow.The contributors had to tackle the difficult task of finding traces other than faint copies of official press releases by the tour organizers. The original source material was drawn from local archives, museums, and newspapers of the discussed period. A unique feature of the volume is the rich amount of images that complement every single case study of ethnic shows. 04 00 Acknowledgments 1. Dominika Czarnecka and Dagnosław Demski INTRODUCTION: FROM WESTERN TO PERIPHERAL VOICES PART ONE European Versus Indigenous Agency 2. Hilke Thode-Arora THE HAGENBECK ETHNIC SHOWS: RECRUITMENT, ORGANIZATION, AND ACADEMIC AND POPULAR RESPONSE 3. Bodhari Warsame A BRIEF HISTORY OF STAGING SOMALI ETHNOGRAPHIC PERFORMING TROUPES IN EUROPE (1885–1930) 4. Markéta Křížová “WILD CHAMACOCO” AND THE CZECHS: THE DOUBLE-EDGED ETHNOGRAPHIC SHOW OF VOJTĚCH FRIČ, 1908–9 5. Evgeny Savitsky WHY HIDDEN EARS MATTER? ON KALINTSOV’S SAMOYED EXHIBITION IN VIENNA, 1882 PART TWO Performing the Ethnographic Other 6. Dagnosław Demski (ETHNO-)DRAMA OF EXOTICISM. ETHNIC SHOWS AS A MEDIUM 7. Dominika Czarnecka HOW DO THESE “EXOTIC” BODIES MOVE? ETHNOGRAPHIC SHOWS AND CONSTRUCTING OTHERNESS IN THE POLISH-LANGUAGE PRESS, 1880–1914 8. Kamila Baraniecka-Olszewska THE WORLD OF CREATION: POLISH- AND GERMAN-LANGUAGE PRESS ACCOUNTS OF ETHNOGRAPHIC SHOWS IN CIRCUS PERFORMANCES IN UPPER SILESIA PART THREE Across Local Contexts 9. Andreja Mesarič RACIALIZED PERFORMANCE AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF SLOVENE WHITENESS: ETHNOGRAPHIC SHOWS AND CIRCUS ACTS ON THE HABSBURG PERIPHERY, 1880–1914 10. Maria Leskinen A CENTURY OF ELISION? ETHNIC SHOWS IN SAINT PETERSBURG AND MOSCOW, 1879–1914 11. Izabela Kopania “WHEN WINTER ARRIVES, THE SINHALESE GO BACK TO CEYLON AND THEIR ELEPHANTS GO TO HAMBURG.” HAGENBECK’S SINHALESE CARAVANS AND ETHNOGRAPHIC IMAGERY IN THE POLISH PRESS DURING THE PARTITION ERA 12. Timea Barabas THE CALL OF THE WILD: A SOCIOLOGICAL SKETCH OF BUFFALO BILL’S WILD WEST IN BANAT AND TRANSYLVANIA 13. István Sántha “STAGED OTHERNESS” IN SAINT PETERSBURG Epilogue List of Contributors Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/98020/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52569 16 Opening the Future Hungary 04 01 20211222 authors 02 WORLD WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52569 20 08 20211222 01 urn:uuid:f81b5c7c-c4c3-4be5-9ff6-4cd2acda61be 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:04ff969c-c3d4-4929-ba0d-b8879f5d28a8 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:f81b5c7c-c4c3-4be5-9ff6-4cd2acda61be 15 9789633864111 03 9789633864111 06 10.7829/9789633864128 13 2021033665 00 BC 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Transforming Markets A Development Bank for the 21st Century – A History of the EBRD, Volume 2 1 A01 Andrew Kilpatrick Andrew Kilpatrick Andrew Kilpatrick is a consultant to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and World Bank Group. Until 2018, he was executive counsellor to the Chief Economist at the EBRD and Director for Project and Sector Assessment in the Economics and Policy Group from 2008. He served on many of the Bank’s key committees during ten years at the EBRD, and in particular was responsible throughout this time for providing advice to the EBRD’s Operations Committee and Board of Directors relating to the transition of the Bank’s countries of operations towards sustainable market economies. Prior to joining the EBRD, Andrew was a senior official at the UK’s HM Treasury. In that capacity he held several high profile positions, including heading the Group charged with tackling Financial Crime, Head of Global Economics, Head of Fiscal and Macroeconomic Policy and Deputy Press Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Andrew Kilpatrick is the author of a number of academic publications and was an Advisory Board member of the Centre for Business Research at the Judge Business School. A former research fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge and research scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, Andrew holds degrees in economics from Cambridge University. 2 A01 Anthony Williams Anthony Williams Anthony Williams is Director of External Communications at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). 01 eng 00 494 03 09 41 10 BUS004000 04 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development--History | Development banks--Europe | Economic development projects--Europe 93 KFFK 12 KJZ 10 BUS020000 93 KJMV6 20 global and regional crises; sustainable energy business model; sustainable economies 01 06 02 00 03 00 The second volume of the history of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) takes up the story of how the Bank has become an indispensable part of the international financial architecture. It tracks the rollercoaster ride during this period, including the Bank's crucial coordinating role in response to global and regional crises, the calls for its presence as an investor in Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa and later Greece and Cyprus, as well as the consequences of conflicts within its original region. It shows how in the face of the growing threat of global warming the EBRD, working mainly with the private sector, developed a sustainable energy business model to tackle climate change.Transforming Markets also examines how the EBRD broadened its investment criteria, arguing that transition towards sustainable economies requires market qualities that are not only competitive and integrated but which are also resilient, well-governed, green and more inclusive. This approach is aligned with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the international community's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its core set of 17 sustainable development goals. The story of the EBRD's own transition and rich history provides a route map for building the sustainable markets necessary for future growth and prosperity. 30 00 The second volume of the history of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) takes up the story of how the Bank has become an indispensable part of the international financial architecture. It tracks the rollercoaster ride during this period, including the Bank's crucial coordinating role in response to global and regional crises, the calls for its presence as an investor in Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa and later Greece and Cyprus, as well as the consequences of conflicts within its original region. It shows how in the face of the growing threat of global warming the EBRD, working mainly with the private sector, developed a sustainable energy business model to tackle climate change.Transforming Markets also examines how the EBRD broadened its investment criteria, arguing that transition towards sustainable economies requires market qualities that are not only competitive and integrated but which are also resilient, well-governed, green and more inclusive. This approach is aligned with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the international community's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its core set of 17 sustainable development goals. The story of the EBRD's own transition and rich history provides a route map for building the sustainable markets necessary for future growth and prosperity. 04 00 List of Abbreviations Acknowledgments Foreword by Odile Renaud-Basso, President of the EBRD Preface PART I An Evolving Landscape Chapter 1 Pivot to Turkey Chapter 2 Markets in Crisis Chapter 3 Arab Spring Chapter 4 Operations in Greece and Cyprus Chapter 5 Geopolitical Tensions PART II Towards Sustainable Market Economies Chapter 6 Rethinking Transition Chapter 7 Equality of Opportunity Chapter 8 Supporting Resilience and Good Governance Chapter 9 A Better Climate PART III The Role of the EBRD Chapter 10 The EBRD after 30 Years Photos Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://www.booksonix.com/ceupress/9789633864111.jpg?L=0O1640006741 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/d1a9a0fb-e75b-4975-93e3-073987babf6b 16 40 02sstxn62 32 10.13039/100004462 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Hungary 04 01 20210929 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633863855 03 9789633863855 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/d1a9a0fb-e75b-4975-93e3-073987babf6b 20 08 20210929 01 urn:uuid:b1f22ad9-30c5-425e-b0f4-619f5436175a 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:04ff969c-c3d4-4929-ba0d-b8879f5d28a8 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:b1f22ad9-30c5-425e-b0f4-619f5436175a 15 9789633863855 03 9789633863855 06 10.7829/9789633864128 13 2021033665 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Transforming Markets A Development Bank for the 21st Century – A History of the EBRD, Volume 2 1 A01 Andrew Kilpatrick Andrew Kilpatrick Andrew Kilpatrick is a consultant to the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and World Bank Group. Until 2018, he was executive counsellor to the Chief Economist at the EBRD and Director for Project and Sector Assessment in the Economics and Policy Group from 2008. He served on many of the Bank’s key committees during ten years at the EBRD, and in particular was responsible throughout this time for providing advice to the EBRD’s Operations Committee and Board of Directors relating to the transition of the Bank’s countries of operations towards sustainable market economies. Prior to joining the EBRD, Andrew was a senior official at the UK’s HM Treasury. In that capacity he held several high profile positions, including heading the Group charged with tackling Financial Crime, Head of Global Economics, Head of Fiscal and Macroeconomic Policy and Deputy Press Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Andrew Kilpatrick is the author of a number of academic publications and was an Advisory Board member of the Centre for Business Research at the Judge Business School. A former research fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge and research scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, Andrew holds degrees in economics from Cambridge University. 2 A01 Anthony Williams Anthony Williams Anthony Williams is Director of External Communications at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). 01 eng 00 494 03 09 41 10 BUS004000 04 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development--History | Development banks--Europe | Economic development projects--Europe 93 KFFK 12 KJZ 10 BUS020000 93 KJMV6 20 global and regional crises; sustainable energy business model; sustainable economies 01 06 02 00 03 00 The second volume of the history of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) takes up the story of how the Bank has become an indispensable part of the international financial architecture. It tracks the rollercoaster ride during this period, including the Bank's crucial coordinating role in response to global and regional crises, the calls for its presence as an investor in Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa and later Greece and Cyprus, as well as the consequences of conflicts within its original region. It shows how in the face of the growing threat of global warming the EBRD, working mainly with the private sector, developed a sustainable energy business model to tackle climate change.Transforming Markets also examines how the EBRD broadened its investment criteria, arguing that transition towards sustainable economies requires market qualities that are not only competitive and integrated but which are also resilient, well-governed, green and more inclusive. This approach is aligned with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the international community's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its core set of 17 sustainable development goals. The story of the EBRD's own transition and rich history provides a route map for building the sustainable markets necessary for future growth and prosperity. 30 00 The second volume of the history of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) takes up the story of how the Bank has become an indispensable part of the international financial architecture. It tracks the rollercoaster ride during this period, including the Bank's crucial coordinating role in response to global and regional crises, the calls for its presence as an investor in Turkey, the Middle East and North Africa and later Greece and Cyprus, as well as the consequences of conflicts within its original region. It shows how in the face of the growing threat of global warming the EBRD, working mainly with the private sector, developed a sustainable energy business model to tackle climate change.Transforming Markets also examines how the EBRD broadened its investment criteria, arguing that transition towards sustainable economies requires market qualities that are not only competitive and integrated but which are also resilient, well-governed, green and more inclusive. This approach is aligned with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the international community's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its core set of 17 sustainable development goals. The story of the EBRD's own transition and rich history provides a route map for building the sustainable markets necessary for future growth and prosperity. 04 00 List of Abbreviations Acknowledgments Foreword by Odile Renaud-Basso, President of the EBRD Preface PART I An Evolving Landscape Chapter 1 Pivot to Turkey Chapter 2 Markets in Crisis Chapter 3 Arab Spring Chapter 4 Operations in Greece and Cyprus Chapter 5 Geopolitical Tensions PART II Towards Sustainable Market Economies Chapter 6 Rethinking Transition Chapter 7 Equality of Opportunity Chapter 8 Supporting Resilience and Good Governance Chapter 9 A Better Climate PART III The Role of the EBRD Chapter 10 The EBRD after 30 Years Photos Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://www.booksonix.com/ceupress/9789633864111.jpg?L=0O1640006741 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/d1a9a0fb-e75b-4975-93e3-073987babf6b 16 40 02sstxn62 32 10.13039/100004462 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Hungary 04 01 20210929 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633864111 03 9789633864111 WORLD 11 Unknown 36 Unspecified hosting platform: webpage for this product https://openresearchlibrary.org/content/d1a9a0fb-e75b-4975-93e3-073987babf6b 29 Unspecified hosting platform: download the title https://muse.jhu.edu/book/78287 20 08 20210929 01 urn:uuid:8e5539c0-cd5a-4507-92fb-46669d4cfda4 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:a94a9c9f-a651-456e-b91f-e2dbd4eed59c 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:8e5539c0-cd5a-4507-92fb-46669d4cfda4 15 9789633864173 03 9789633864173 06 10.7829/9789633864180 00 BB 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Words in Space and Time Historical Atlas of Language Politics in Modern Central Europe 1 A01 Tomasz Kamusella Tomasz Kamusella Tomasz Kamusella is Reader in Modern History in the School of History at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, Britain. 01 eng 00 303 03 09 42 12 HBJD 10 HIS037030 93 NHD 12 CFB 93 CFB 10 LAN009050 12 JH 10 SOC002000 20 Ethnolinguistics, Nation states, Language politics, Nationalism, Sociolinguistics, Areal linguistics 01 06 02 00 03 00 With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe’s languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time.The story first focuses on Central Europe’s dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a “proper” nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups. 30 00 With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe’s languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time.The story first focuses on Central Europe’s dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a “proper” nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups. 04 00 Foreword by Anngret Simms Acknowledgements Preface Introduction 1 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, 9th century 2 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in the 9th century 3 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1050 4 Central Europe’s Writing Systems, 1050 5 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1570 6 Central Europe’s Writing Systems, 1570 7 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1721 8 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in 1721 9 Europa Media anno 1721 10 Official Languages in Central Europe, 1721 11 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe Before the Balkan Wars 12 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1910 13 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in 1910 14 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1910 15 Central Europe in 1910 as Seen Through the Lens of Ottoman Turkish 16 tsentral-eyrope in 1910: Yiddish Geography 17 Centra Eŭropo en 1910: Geographic and Place Names in Esperanto 18 Short-lived Polities in Central Europe, 1908-1924 19 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the Balkan Wars, World War I and in Their Aftermath 20 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, late 1918 21 Non-State Minority, Regional and Unrecognized Languages, and Written Dialects in Central Europe, 19th-21st Centuries 22 Linguistic Areas (Sprachbünde) in Central Europe, c 1930 23 Linguistic Areas (Sprachbünde) in Central Europe: An Alternative Classification, c 1930 24 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 1930 25 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1931 26 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the 1930s 27 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During World War Two, 1939–1940 28 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During World War Two, 1941–1944 29 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe After World War Two, 1945–1950 30 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the Cold War, 1951–89 31 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1974–1989 32 Europa centrală în anul 1980 33 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 2009 34 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 2009 35 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 2009 and the Past 36 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 2009 37 Management of Difference: Borders and Multiethnic Regions in Contemporary Central Europe 38 Management of Difference: Multiethnic Regions in Contemporary Central Europe 39 Central Europe's Universities with Other Media of Instruction than the State or National Language, 2009 40 Roma Settlements in Central Europe, 2009 41 Mitelojropa w 2009 42 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, and in East and Southeast Asia, 2009 Glossary Bibliography Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/97875/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52568 16 Opening the Future Hungary 04 01 20211201 Tomasz Kamusella 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633864180 03 9789633864180 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52568 20 08 20211201 01 urn:uuid:21aead12-5112-49d0-b304-66917601272c 03 01 01 thoth-work-id urn:uuid:a94a9c9f-a651-456e-b91f-e2dbd4eed59c 01 thoth-publication-id urn:uuid:21aead12-5112-49d0-b304-66917601272c 15 9789633864180 03 9789633864180 06 10.7829/9789633864180 00 EB E107 10 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 02 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 01 01 Words in Space and Time Historical Atlas of Language Politics in Modern Central Europe 1 A01 Tomasz Kamusella Tomasz Kamusella Tomasz Kamusella is Reader in Modern History in the School of History at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, Britain. 01 eng 00 303 03 09 42 12 HBJD 10 HIS037030 93 NHD 12 CFB 93 CFB 10 LAN009050 12 JH 10 SOC002000 20 Ethnolinguistics, Nation states, Language politics, Nationalism, Sociolinguistics, Areal linguistics 01 06 02 00 03 00 With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe’s languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time.The story first focuses on Central Europe’s dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a “proper” nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups. 30 00 With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe’s languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time.The story first focuses on Central Europe’s dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a “proper” nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups. 04 00 Foreword by Anngret Simms Acknowledgements Preface Introduction 1 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, 9th century 2 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in the 9th century 3 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1050 4 Central Europe’s Writing Systems, 1050 5 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1570 6 Central Europe’s Writing Systems, 1570 7 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1721 8 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in 1721 9 Europa Media anno 1721 10 Official Languages in Central Europe, 1721 11 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe Before the Balkan Wars 12 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 1910 13 Central Europe’s Writing Systems in 1910 14 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1910 15 Central Europe in 1910 as Seen Through the Lens of Ottoman Turkish 16 tsentral-eyrope in 1910: Yiddish Geography 17 Centra Eŭropo en 1910: Geographic and Place Names in Esperanto 18 Short-lived Polities in Central Europe, 1908-1924 19 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the Balkan Wars, World War I and in Their Aftermath 20 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, late 1918 21 Non-State Minority, Regional and Unrecognized Languages, and Written Dialects in Central Europe, 19th-21st Centuries 22 Linguistic Areas (Sprachbünde) in Central Europe, c 1930 23 Linguistic Areas (Sprachbünde) in Central Europe: An Alternative Classification, c 1930 24 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 1930 25 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1931 26 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the 1930s 27 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During World War Two, 1939–1940 28 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During World War Two, 1941–1944 29 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe After World War Two, 1945–1950 30 Ethnic Cleansing in Central Europe During the Cold War, 1951–89 31 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 1974–1989 32 Europa centrală în anul 1980 33 Dialect Continua in Central Europe, c 2009 34 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 2009 35 Central Europe's Writing Systems in 2009 and the Past 36 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, 2009 37 Management of Difference: Borders and Multiethnic Regions in Contemporary Central Europe 38 Management of Difference: Multiethnic Regions in Contemporary Central Europe 39 Central Europe's Universities with Other Media of Instruction than the State or National Language, 2009 40 Roma Settlements in Central Europe, 2009 41 Mitelojropa w 2009 42 Isomorphism of Language, Nation, and State in Central Europe, and in East and Southeast Asia, 2009 Glossary Bibliography Index 20 00 Open Access 01 00 03 02 https://muse.jhu.edu/book/97875/image/front_cover.jpg 01 URL https://ceupress.com/ CEU Press 01 Central European University Press 01 Publisher's website: home page https://ceupress.com/ 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this title https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52568 16 Opening the Future Hungary 04 01 20211201 Tomasz Kamusella 02 WORLD 06 15 9789633864173 03 9789633864173 WORLD 09 Central European University Press 02 Publisher's website: webpage for this product https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52568 20 08 20211201 01